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COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



TEXT-BOOK OF PHRENOLOGY 

VOL. L 
HEADS, FACES, TYPES, RACES 




V. G. Rocine, Author, 



HEADS, FACES, 
TYPES, RACES 



BY 

V. G. R0C1NE 

Author of 

Mind Training, Dr. Rocine's Diet Guide, How to Cure 

Drunkenness, Instructor in Phrenology, 

Physiology and Hygiene 



ILLUSTRATED 



PUBLISHED BY 

YAUGHT-ROCINE PUB. CO. 
CHICAGO. ILL. 






COPYRIGHTED 1910 

By 

V. G. ROCINE 



(tC!.A2?S873 



PREFACE 



There is perhaps no science that can do more good 
for the people, in the various avocations of life, than 
phrenology, when it is thoroughly understood. A 
phrenologist who is well versed in his science, can do 
good to the public, the individual or the nation, in hun- 
dreds of different ways. 

Phrenology deals with the soul's functions, the effect 
certain emotions have upon the physiological functions, 
health or disease. It enables us, through its noble teach- 
ings, to cure bashfulness and timidity. It gives us a 
greater insight into insanity, the cause of insanity, 
the treatment of the insane. It explains crime, the 
cause of crime, the eradication of crime, sin and men- 
tal defects. It explains heredity and gives us a clear 
view of race and family culture, or the improvement of 
the human race, through the laws of transmission, he- 
redity, love and marriage. It takes up dietetics, from 
temperamental and faculty standpoints, pointing out 
positively the best diet for each individual, according 
to his faculty development, states of mind, states of 
health, age, work, temperament and cell construction, 
resulting in greater health. It deals with marriage 
from the standpoints of affinity, leading to perfect off- 
spring, greater spiritual unfoldment and domestic hap- 
piness. It takes up talent, trades and professions, en- 
abling us to originate new trades and specialties, ac- 
cording to the development of the individual. This is 
an age of specialists and inventors. When the talent 
or genius of a man is discovered and directed, he suc- 
ceeds. The phrenologist who understands faculty com- 



8 PREFACE 

binations of talent and genius can often create inven- 
tors and specialists. Phrenology teaches us practical 
memory culture, how to develop self-confidence, im- 
prove digestion, develop the abdominal brain, increase 
personal magnetism, restore a failing sexuality, direct 
and manage the child, break its bad habits and call the 
nobler faculties into action, for the future good of the 
child. 

The artist who understands phrenology, can impart 
life, expression, form and finish to his paintings, because 
he is a greater judge of form, face, head, figure, atti- 
tude and facial expression. 

The doctor who understands phrenology, understands 
the temperamental and mental mechanism of every 
man, the susceptibility of certain types of people to dis- 
ease, the relation of brain functioning to disease, how 
the temperaments, occupations, habits and states of 
mind affect the chemistry of the body, and how the hid- 
den mental agencies affect the physical mechanism. 
He becomes a greater diagnostician. He can perform 
greater cures and win more fame as a physician. Every 
doctor who has taken a course in phrenology has be- 
come more successful. He has increased his practice. 

The minister who is familiar with phrenology be- 
comes a greater orator. He can appeal to the sinner, 
talk to each man in the congregation according to his 
understanding, judgment, faculties and temperament. 

The lawyer who is familiar with character reading, 
understands judge, jury and witnesses better. He can 
select his jurymen wisely, examine the witnesses better, 
convince jury, judge and people, interpret motives and 
make himself a greater legal success. 

Parents who have studied this science can train, 
teach and guide their children, give them the right food 
for growth and development, the proper associates for 
social, financial and spiritual unfoldment, the right 
studies, books and environments leading to future suc- 
cess and happiness. They can develop sleeping faculties 
in the child, prevent crime, sin, bad habits, failure, 
shame and unnecessary tears. 



PKEFACE 9 

The politician who has studied phrenology has the 
key to human hearts, emotions, wants and needs. He 
can appeal to the public and to the senate and make 
himself popular, near and far. 

The teacher who understands modern phrenological 
psychology understands his pupils, the best methods 
of teaching them, the best arrangement of the pupils 
and their studies. He knows how to appeal to, en- 
courage, train, manage, educate and develop each, ac- 
cording to his own peculiarity of temperamental and 
mental development. Can he not make his school a 
greater success? 

The dietist or food chemist who has studied phre- 
nology, knows the required diet for each man, according 
to his temperament, age, work, health, season, disease, 
states of mind and mental faculties. 

The educator understands the human fabric, the best 
system of education required for the wants and needs 
of every community, individual, party or institution. 
He can make his educational system a better success. 

The reformer, radicalist, agitator, who understands 
mental philosophy or phrenology, will be more tolerant. 
He will work on a constructive plan instead of working 
on a destructive. 

Phrenology will help the orator to appeal to human 
wills, human intellects, human emotions and human 
hearts. 

It will help the business man or salesman to win new 
trade, hold old customers, win new customers, sell more 
goods, more quickly, appeal to human hearts and human 
pocketbooks, more successfully. Was not Napoleon 
Bonaparte a military success because he understood 
how to pick his generals? Was not Marshall Field a 
business success because he knew character reading, 
how to select the right man for the right place? Is not 
Carnegie a phrenologist, and avowedly a business suc- 
cess because of it? 

When brain philosophy is understood and applied, 
we can develop weak faculties standing in the way of 
success, obliterate positive characteristics that lead to 



10 PREFACE 

failure, cure sleeplessness, improve circulation, develop 
concentration, or any characteristic or function that is 
weak. 

According to statistics, most people are failures, some 
in business, others in matrimony, still others in health. 
Why is this? Is it because people have no talent, in- 
tuition or sense ? Is it not because of mis-directed tal- 
ent, lack of knowledge regarding the laws of affinity, 
health and vital functioning? People are compelled to 
drift, like a ship without captain and steering gear, on 
the angry waters of life, to float, work, toil — only to 
fail ! They lose money, time and effort trying to learn 
that for which they are not adapted. This is not nec- 
essary, for temperament can be studied, human talent 
directed and men placed in their success spheres. Men 
and women, left to themselves, are lured into business, 
love and matrimony, by their ambition and inclinations, 
only to fail. Inclinations are not reliable, for if they 
were, every man would be a success. People follow 
their inclinations, in love, business, studies and diet. 

Studying a man, according to the teachings of phre- 
nology, we find that one man is fleshy, another is fat, a 
third one lymphatic, a fourth one slender and nervous, 
a fifth is wiry, flexible and muscular, a sixth is bony, 
hard, dry and stiff, a seventh is sponge-like, porous, 
phlegmatic and predisposed to certain diseases, a lover 
of a certain diet, adapted for a special kind of work. 

One man has an elongated head, another has a square 
head, a third has a conic, a fourth has a boat-shaped, a 
fifth a globe-shaped head, a sixth one has a high, nar- 
row head, able in metaphysics, but a failure in business. 

One man has a cat-like face construction, another has 
a long and narrow face, a third one a wide, a fourth one 
a circular, a fifth one a pear-shaped face, a sixth one 
has an incurved, a seventh has a square-triangular, each 
face having its own shape, expressions and accompany- 
ing characteristics, talent, tendencies, habits and pecul- 
iarities. 

Studying people on a larger scale, we have learned 
that certain people, by reason of their head and face 



PREFACE 11 

formation, temperament and tissue construction, can be 
thrown into certain classes, or "types," as we call them, 
each type subject to certain diseases, hard to cure, 
being chronic or constitutional, and each type able to 
succeed in certain occupations, but not in others. 

People are racially different. Is not the Indian dif- 
ferent from the Frenchman? Does not the German 
have a different appearance, head, face and tempera- 
ment than the Bushman ? Is not the American different 
in body, quality, temperament, head and face formation 
than the Chinaman? And why? Study and you will 
know. 



CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Preface 7 

HEADS. 
Lessor 1. 

How to Study the Forehead 25 

The Sloping Forehead 27 

Lesson 2. 

The Lov; Forehead 31 

The High Forehead 37 

Lesson 3. 

The Projecting Forehead 43 

The Overhanging Forehead 44 

The Prominent Forehead 45 

The Narrow Forehead 47 

The Wide Forehead 48 

Lesson 4. 

The Square Forehead 53 

The Straight Forehead 57 

The Circular Forehead 59 

The Convex Forehead 62 

The Concave Forehead 64 

Lesson 5. 

The Conic Forehead 67 

The Flat Forehead 68 

Tlje Cramped Forehead 70 

The Retreating Forehead 72 

How to Study Heads 72 

The Elongated Form of Head 73 

xiii 



xiv CONTENTS 

Lesson 6. PAGE 

The High-Square Form of Head 77 

The Angular Form of Head 79 

The Oval Form of Head 81 

The Boat-Shaped Head 83 

Lesson 7. 

The Pyramidal Form of Head 86 

The Even Head 88 

The Wedge-Shaped Head 89 

The Pointed Head 91 

The Pyriforin Head 93 

Lesson 8. 

The Square Form of Head 96 

The Narrow Head 96 

The Roof-Shaped Head 98 

The Large Head 100 

The Small Head 103 

The Sloping Head 103 

Lesson 9. 

The Cylindrical Form of Head 106 

The Short Form of Head 109 

The High Parietal Head Form Ill 

The Wide Head 113 

The Circular Head 115 

Lesson 10. 

The Low Form of Head 118 

The Wide Triangular Head 119 

The Conic Head 120 

The Ill-Formed Head .122 



FACES. 
Lesson 11. , page 

Structural Physiognomy 124 

How Functions are Represented by Poles in the Face. . .129 
How Face Construction Measures the Evolutionary 
Stages of Man 132 



CONTENTS xv 

PAGE 

How to Judge High or Low Racial Evolution in the 

Face 134 

How to Study the Face 137 

Facial Forms and What They Indicate 138 

Lesson 12. 

The Wide-Triangular Face and What it Indicates 141 

The Ill-Formed Face 144 

The Conic Form of Face 145 

The Convex Face 146 

The Square-Triangular Face 147 

The Square Face 148 

The Circular Face 149 

The Vase-Shaped Face 151 

The Long Face 153 

The Oval Face 154 

The Pyriform Face 155 

The Incurved Face 157 

Lesson 13. 

The Masculine Face 159 

The Feminine Face 160 

How to Read Character by Lines in the Face 163 

Reading Character from the Eyes and Eyebrows 164 

How to Read Character from Noses 168 

How r to Study Character from Jaws 170 

What Ears Indicate 173 

How to Study Mouths 174 

What Cheeks Indicate 179 

How to Study Lips 180 

Reading Character from Chins 183 



TYPES. 
Lesson 14. page 

How to Study Types and Talent 186 

Quality or "Blood" 186 

Tissue Construction 188 

The Masculine Type 189 

The Feminine Type 192 



xvi CONTENTS 

PAGE 

The Primitive Type 197 

The Criminal Type 198 

Lesson 15. 

The Impractical Type 203 

The Official Type 205 

The Athletic Type 208 

Lesson 16. 

The Technical Type 212 

The Home-Industry Type 214 

Lesson 17. 

The Military Type 217 

The Active Type 221 

Lesson 18. 

The Commercial Type 226 

The Social Type 231 

Lesson 19. 

The Business Type ." 237 

The Speculative Type 243 

Lesson 20. 

The Executive Type . . 249 

Lesson 21. 

The Nature Type 252 

Lesson 22. 

The Mystic Type 257 

Lesson 23. 

The Combination Type' 263 

Lesson 24. 

The Educational Type 271 

Lesson 25. 

The Artistic Type 276 

Lesson 26. 

The Scientific Type 282 

Lesson 27. 

The Philosophical Type 287 



CONTENTS xvii 

RACES. 
Lesson 28. page 

Races of Mankind > 292 

The Semitic Race 295 

The Turanian Race 295 

The Aryan Race 295 

Where the European Nations Came From 290 

Lesson 29. 

Racial Characteristics of the Semite 29S 

Racial Characteristics of the Turanian 299 

Racial Characteristics of the Aryan 299 

National Characteristics 300 

Lesson 30. page 

National Characteristics of the American People 302 

Lesson 31. 

National Characteristics of the English People 306 

Characteristics of the Canadian 308 

General Characteristics of the Scotch 308 

The Irish Character 309 

Lesson 32. 

Leading Characteristics in the German 311 

The Swiss Character 312 

The Character of the Welsh 314 

The French Character 314 

The Swedish Character 316 

The Norwegian 317 

Lesson 33. 

The Danish Character 319 

Character of the Bohemian .' 319 

The Hindoo and His National Character .320 

The Greek 320 

The Jew 321 

The Japanese 322 

The Spaniard 322 

The Italian 323 

Lesson 34. 

The Russian 324 

The Negro 325 

The Chinese Character 326 

The Turk 327 



ILLUSTRATIONS 

PAGE 

Author Frontispiece 

Sloping Forehead 28 

Contrasts with the Sloping Forehead 29 

Low Forehead 31 to 34 

Contrasts with the Low Forehead 36 

High Forehead 37 to 39 

Contrasts with the High Forehead 40, 41 

Projecting Forehead 43 

Overhanging Forehead 45 

Prominent Forehead .' 46 

Narrow Forehead 47 

Wide Forehead 49 to 51 

Square Forehead 53 to 55 

Straight or Vertical Forehead 56 to 58 

Circular Forehead 59 to 61 

Convex Forehead 62, 63 

Contrasts with the Convex Forehead 62 to 64 

Concave Forehead 65 

Flat Forehead 68 

Contrast with Flat Forehead 69 

Cramped Forehead 70 

Retreating Forehead 71, 72 

Elongated Form of Head 74, 75 

High-Square Form of Head 77 

Contrast with the High- Square Form of Head 78 

Angular Form of Head 80 

Oval Form of Head 82 

Boat-Shaped Head 83 

Large Temples 85 

Pyramidal Form of Head 86 

Even Head 88 

Wedge-Shaped Head . '. .90, 91 

Pointed Head 92 

xviii 



ILLUSTRATIONS xix 

Pyriform Head 94 

Square Form of Head 95 

Narrow Head 97 

Roof-Shaped Head 99 

Large Head 101 

Small Head 102 

Sloping Head 104, 105 

Cylindrical Form of Head 106, 107 

Contrast with Cylindrical Head 108 

Short Form of Head 109, 110 

High-Parietal Head Form Ill to 113 

Wide Head 114 

Contrast with Wide Head 114 

Circular Head 116 

Low Form of Head 118 

Wide-Triangular Head 119 

Conic Head 120 

Contrast to Conic Head 121 

Ill-Formed Head 122 

Head and Face Explained 124 

Combative Face 125 

Contrasts, Faces 126 

Bull-dog 127 

Fox 127 

Man of the Woods 128 

Map of the Face 130 

Literary Student 132 

Contrast, Indian, Idiot, High Type 133 

Vertical Line 134, 136 

A Long-Square Face 135 

Parts of the Face 137 

Narrow Head, Long Face 138 

High-Square Head 139 

Howard Christy 140 

Wide-Triangular Face 141 to 143 

Ill-Formed Face 144 

Conic Form of Face 145 

Convex Face 146 

Square-Triangular Face 147 

Square Face , 148, 149 



xx ILLUSTRATIONS 

Circular Face 150 

Vase-Shaped Face 151 

Long Face 152, 153 

Oval Face 154 

Pyrif orm Face 155, 156 

Incurved Face 157, 158 

The Masculine Face 159, 160, 162 

The Feminine Face 160, 161, 163 

Lines in the Face 164 

Eyes 165 to 167 

Noses 168, 169 

Jaws 170, 171, 172 

Ears . . . . . 173, 174 

Mouths '. 174 to 179 

Cheeks 180 

Lips 181, 182 

Chins 183 to 185 

Quality Illustrations 187, 188, 189 

Masculine Type 190 

Masculine Body 191 

Masculine Brain Sections 192 

Feminine Brain Sections 193 

Feminine Face 194, 195, 197. 

Masculine Face 196 

Conic Head, Indian Head 198 

Criminal Type 199 to 201 

Impractical Type 203, 204 

Official Type 205 to 207 

The Athletic Type 209 

Short Form of Head, Technical Type 213 

Home Industry Type 215 

Military Type 217 to 220 

Active Type .. .222 to 224 

Commercial Type '. ~ 226 to 230 

Social Type 232 to 234 

Business Type 238 to 242 

Speculative Type • 244 to 246 

Executive Type 249 

Prof. Ned Walker 256 

Mystic Type 258to260 



ILLUSTRATIONS xxi 

Combination Type 264, 265 

Educational Type 272 to 274 

Artistic Type 277 to 279 

Scientific Type 283, 284 

Philosophical Type 288 

Turanian Women 294 

Aryan Representative 296 

Races 301 

The Shape of the American Head 302 

President Roosevelt 303 

Archbishop of Canterbury 306 

Shape of the German Head 311 

Swiss Representative 313 

Prof. Paul Nyssens, French Representative .315 

Swedish Representative 316 

Norwegian Lady 318 

Shape of the Greek Head 321 

Indian 325 

Negro 326 



Heads, Faces, Types, Races 



HEADS 



LESSON I. 
HOW TO STUDY THE FOREHEAD. 

"And the seal of God is in their foreheads." 

The forehead can nearly always be seen, hence can 
easily be studied. 

A certain combination of faculties goes with a par- 
ticular form of forehead. Therefore, when we see the 
forehead, we can draw important inductions regarding 
the faculties that cannot be seen. When talent is the 
consideration, we must look to the forehead, the part 
of the head uncovered by hair — for here is where intel- 
lectual ability or real talent lies. All the other faculties 
give inclination, ambition, push, ability to use, or give 
direction to talent. A man may have grit and energy, 
push and executiveness, he may "hitch his ambition to 
a star, ' ' but if he has not understanding, reason, insight, 
judgment, coming from the intellect, he is like the bird 
with a broken wing— he cannot soar very high ; he can- 
not accomplish much. Talent depends upon the fore- 
head; direction of talent depends upon temperament, 
quality, tissue construction and emotive faculties. 

When certain emotive faculties are in the lead, these 
make use of intellect, reason, talent and knowledge, 
therefore, the forehead is an important guide in judg- 
ing the general tendency, not only of a man's talent, 
but also of his character and disposition. 

For instance: When the forehead is cone-shaped, as 
in the Indian, the lower part of the forehead is strongly 
developed, in which the observing brain centers are 

25 



26 HEADS, FACES 

located. In this type, the objective mind is very active. 
He looks, acts, listens, develops the faculties of action, 
motion, equilibrium, observation, muscle and muscular 
strength. Hence, such a man is usually strong in such 
brain areas in which are located the cerebellum, De- 
structiveness, Combativeness, Vitativeness, Secretive- 
ness, Conscientiousness, Firmness, Self-esteem, or the 
motor and observing functions of the brain. He be- 
comes strong, active, muscular, wiry, tenacious. He 
takes a lively interest in sport, games, riding, athletics, 
hunting, fishing, wrestling, pugilism, traffic, surveying, 
mining, seamanship, — succeeding best in such lines of 
pursuit. 

Again, when the forehead is square, it is strongly de- 
veloped in the side portions of the forehead, in which 
the faculties of mathematics and construction are sit- 
uated, leading to thought action in the mechanical and 
mathematical faculties, resulting in slowness, accuracy, 
system, order, regulation of bodily movement, mental 
control. This strengthens some faculties and weakens 
others. It interferes with circulation, digestion, lung 
action, and therefore with vitality. It develops control 
and leads to steady, regulated motion. It weakens the 
affections. As development goes on, the head becomes 
square, the walk mechanical, bodily movement slow and 
accurate, speech slow and precise in accent, abdomen 
sunken, lungs weak in the upper part, the spine bent in 
the upper or cervical portion, the nasal canals partially 
clogged, the vaso-motor system slow and sluggish, the 
temperament bony, the body lean. At last, in succeed- 
ing generations, the head becomes square in form, wide 
and short, small in the backhead, square in front, flat in 
the side portions, square on top, or else large in the cen- 
tral and mesial region of the tophead, giving us the 
light mechanical form of head. When we see this form 
of head, do we not know the adaptation of such a man ? 
Even a glance at his picture tells us that he is of a me- 
chanical turn of mind, hence we know what he is 
adapted for, what his hereditary diathesis is, how he 
should develop himself, his tendencies, traits and char- 



TYPES, RACES 27 

acteristics. We know from the shape of his forehead 
what faculties he and his ancestors have developed. Is 
this fortune telling? Is he not his own historian? 
Does not his forehead, face and general development of 
head tell us the whole story? 

THE SLOPING FOREHEAD. 

To slope means to incline towards the horizontal. A 
sloping forehead lacks brain in the upper portion. A 
sloping forehead means simply a strong development of 
the lower portion of the forehead, in which the powers 
of observation are located, giving the upper frontal 
lobe a weaker appearance. 

In this type of people the head slopes from the root 
of the nose to the crown of the head, so that the top- 
head is forehead also. At least it appears so to the 
superficial observer. This forehead is usually flat as a 
board, and projecting outwardly at the eyebrows. 

Here the following faculties are comparatively 
weaker: Benevolence, Veneration, Spirituality, Imita- 
tion, Hope, Human Nature, Agreeableness, Causality, 
Comparison, Ideality. 

The following faculties are strong: Individuality, 
Form, Size, Weight, Order, Color, Calculation, Tune, 
Constructivness, Eventuality, Locality, Time, Language. 
This comparative development of faculties gives us not 
only a particular shape of forehead but a special type 
of people. 

People of this type develop the looking faculties, be- 
cause they are continually noticing objects. They can 
describe, talk and act. They are not originators, but 
observers. They - are not deep and philosophical think- 
ers; they are superficial thinkers. They are practical, 
being able to take hold of the matter in hand and to 
make use of all the data obtainable. They are able to 
criticise that which is said. So soon as you speak, they 
have something to handle. They have a wonderful 
memory for conversation and details. 

Because of their temperament and lack of develop- 



28 HEADS, FACES 

ment in the upper frontal lobe, they are constantly 
weakening the affections. Hence, also, the backhead is 
usually weak, even wanting. They are not very loving, 
tolerant, reverential, kind or good. They care but lit- 
tle for religion and human institutions, nor for charity, 
nor for the social and matrimonial relations of man. 




Sloping Forehead. 
This is the outline of a man who is a doctor. Do you think he 
is a success as a doctor in any other sense than in sending the peo- 
ple to the undertaker? Would a man like this make an excellent 
diagnostician? He is egotistic, cynical, mean, dictatorial, but he 
lacks judgment of character and motives. He has no intuitive in- 
sight into the mental and spiritual mechanism of man. 

Their conscience is rather elastic. They will walk over 
your arguments and think that the world is governed 
only by opinions. They recognize no moral law, as a rule. 
They may fear human law but they do not obey it 
through respect. They become cynical and critical. 
They drift towards materialism, atheism, schemes, ma- 



TYPES, RACES 



29 



nipulation, false financiering, the organization of fake 
companies. They become good salesmen of stocks of 
various kinds. They are good salespeople, agents, and 
even business people. They are not particular about 
promises. They are often materialistic and not inter- 
ested in spiritual movements, moral and social ethics. 




Compare with Sloping Forehead. 
Large face, angular jaws, a 
wide head, optimistic nose, oval 
eyes, high head, large anterior 
tophead, indicating practical- 
ity^ business insight, intuition 
and strong instincts of self- 
preservation, together with a 
strong constitution. An almost 
balanced temperament. 



Compare with Sloping Forehead. 
An almost incurved face; 
large upper frontal tophead, 
long face, large parietal region, 
smaller backhead, straight nose. 
This is an approach towards 
the philosophical, studious, med- 
itative, planning, reasoning; a 
conservative, p hi 1 o s o p hical 
mind. 



They are constantly developing Firmness, Self-Es- 
teem, Approbativeness, Conscientiousness, Cautious- 
ness, Combativeness, Vitativeness, Destructiveness, the 
Cerebellum and the Perceptives. This is the reason 
that they are freezing out the affections and the higher 



30 HEADS, FACES 

spiritual perceptions. They get nearer and nearer to 
matter and further and further away from the higher, 
spiritual, religious and emotional. They are skeptics, 
even cynics. 

Those who have a sloping forehead have wonderful 
memory of detail and excellent judgment of material. 
They can learn material science and apply it. They 
make excellent teachers, mechanics and salesmen. They 
are skillful with instruments. They have ability in the 
mechanical part of music or musical performance, but 
it is not music they make, it is noise. The one strong 
characteristic in these people is that they can learn, see, 
hear and act quickly, but the love emotions are almost 
dead in them, hence they are relentless when it is a 
question of sympathy, help or accommodation. They 
have a mind similar to that of Robespierre, the French 
Revolutionist. They may not always act out what they 
feel (this would depend upon conditions and environ- 
ments), but they are usually revolutionary, antagonis- 
tic, critical, cynical, materialistic, anarchistic and hostile 
to human and divine institutions. They are self-con- 
ceited ; they are never very bashful, but on the other 
hand, shameless and disrespectful. Sometimes they are 
lawless and lead a criminal life, all depending upon 
how strongly developed they are in the central side- 
head, and weak in the tophead. 

They can learn best from observation; they are eye 
students. They can make that which they see ; they can 
imitate form and shape, size and distance. They can 
imitate speech wonderfully well. They are among the 
best elocutionists and mimics that we have. They have 
strong qualities and they have many weak points. They 
are peculiar, not always understood. Often they are 
feared and hated. They are different from other peo- 
ple, but they are skillful in the occupations, espe- 
cially in the mechanical and commercial, even the lit- 
erary, where it is a question of imitation of human 
utterance. 



LESSON 2. 

THE LOW FOREHEAD. 

When certain characteristics are constantly culti- 
vated from birth to death, both in the individual him- 
self and in his ancestry, there will be certain faculties 
constantly called into action and certain other faculties 
neglected. The brain will be fed in some convolutions 




Low Forehead. 
This chin is masculine, it indicates strong impulse, hot blood 
and an active brain. This chin, mouth, nose and eyes indicate 
ambition and an inclination to be popular among men. A person 
who has a chin, mouth, nose and eyes like this lady, is sensitive, 
touchy, impulsive and subject to jealous spells under unfavorable 
love states. 

but not in others. This will eventually lead to a special 
type of development, a certain kind of head formation 
and a given temperamental structure. Here we have 
the very foundation of types, races, race characteristics, 
tendencies and talent. 

81 



32 HEADS, FACES 

The low forehead lacks upward development of the 
frontal lobe. The low forehead does not slope at all. 
It is almost straight in a vertical direction. It is sim- 
ply low, compared to its width. It is a small forehead ; 
it does not necessarily lack in width, but it lacks in 
height and in forward intellectual development. The 
intellect lacks scope and the tophead is not very strongly 
marked. People who have a low forehead usually live 




Low Forehead. 

Contracted eyebrows; lowered corners of the mouth; a pouting 
underlip; a heavy line at the nose; a somewhat sloping forehead; 
a convex nose, a savage eye, a cruel nature. This man will find 
fault with human systems, whether religious, educational, politi- 
cal, commercial or social. 

in the side portions of the brain, the sidehead being large 
and convex. 

Many of the Italians are of this type, especially the 
short, fleshy ones. We do not have reference to the 
Italian as a race, but we do refer to people who are 
stubby, fleshy and feminine in bodily build. The low 
forehead people having a feminine build are fleshy and 
good-natured. They have a large abdomen and chest, 
short arms and legs, a heavy neck, a full face and a 
rounded body, by reason of their active faculties of 



TYPES, RACES 



33 




Low Forehead. 
Wide head; wide face; square jaw; square eyebrows; selfish 
eyes; low tophead; large ears; deep lines at the corners of the 
nose; corners of the mouth curved downwardly. A materialistic 
nature, selfish and small-minded. 

nutrition, self-protection, sexuality and wide heads. 
The temperament of those people is usually the vital, or 
vital motive, or motive vital. They are impulsive, but 



34 



HEADS, FACES 



not bad. They are emotional through their social fac- 
ulties. Their intellect is medium, but their sidehead is 
full in front and above the ears and in the lower portion 
of the backhead. 

People having a low forehead are usually industrious 
and sociable on a small scale. They are workers. They 




Low Forehead. 

Here the head is low in proportion to its width. Notice how 
broad, wide, long and prominent the chin is. This is the chin of 
the muscular man, the athlete, wrestler, pugilist. 

work early and late for small returns. They have a 
dollar-and-cent mind, but are hardly ever speculative. 
There is much of the give and take in them. They are 
honest on a small scale. They are good talkers, like 
business, but are not the people for large transactions, 
or speculation, nor do they care much for the idealistic, 
altruistic and highly philosophical. 



TYPES, RACES 35 

They are almost always strongly marked in the side 
brain and the backhead; hence they have such brain 
functions as Acquisitiveness, Alimentiveness, Bibative- 
ness, Destructiveness, Secretiveness, Vitativeness, Ama- 
tiveness, Inhabitiveness, Parental Love, Friendship, 
even Conjugality and Cautiousness, sometimes Sublim- 
ity very active. The perceptives are only fairly well 
represented. 

The weakest brain functions in them are Self -Esteem, 
Continuity, Firmness, Combativeness, Veneration, Be- 
nevolence, Human Nature, Agreeableness, Imitation, 
sometimes Ideality and Constructiveness, even Caus- 
ality. In fact, the entire frontal lobe is relatively weak, 
with the exception of the faculties of expression and the 
perceptives, which are reasonably well marked. They 
are sometimes slovenly and inclined to irregular habits. 
They are religious through fear or superstition, being 
afraid of the future. They believe in self-protection, 
both for time and eternity. They believe in a Supreme 
Being and are usually earnest church-goers. They 
pray, though their prayers are selfish. They are nar- 
row-minded, religious on a small scale, the same as they 
are industrious on a small scale. They are good people, 
but not of the highest type. They may be either light 
or dark in complexion. They are soft in texture, often 
phlegmatic in tissue structure. 

They are often engaged in salesmanship, or business 
on a small scale. They deal in fruits, vegetables, light 
groceries, seeds, rags, second-handed goods, general 
merchandise. They engage in restaurant business, ho- 
tel business, peddling, dairy industries, light farming, 
chicken breeding, the breeding of small animals. They 
are often musical, succeeding fairly well in vocal and 
instrumental music. They are very saving, making 
their money by industry and saving, but hardly ever 
by speculation. They are good people, but not broad- 
minded as they lack scope of mind and broad insight. 
They are good salespeople, can sell the produce of 
others, or that which has been manufactured by others, 



36 



HEADS, FACES 



but are not skillful in mechanics, nor in the trades, nor 
in art, science and philosophy. 

They never suffer very much from diseases of any 
kind. Sometimes they may grow heavy and phleg- 




Contrast this with the Low Forehead. 

A high tophead. Strong spiritual development, a broad nose, 
indicating sociability; a kind nature; well meaning; broad and 
liberal in views. 



matic, or suffer from internal growths, because they are 
careless in regard to eating and drinking. They cul- 
tivate mostly the social, industrial and commercial sides 
of their nature. They are never dressy, but are practi- 



TYPES, RACES 



37 



cal in their dress; they believe in that which adminis- 
ters to the comfort of the body, in that which is prac- 
tical. 

THE HIGH FOREHEAD. 

This could be called the Oriental shape of forehead, or 
the mystical. The high forehead is built upwardly, 
being the very opposite of the low. The upper, anterior 




The High Forehead. 
Adapted for speculative philosophy and reform. The lower 
part of the face is weak, the neck and chest are not very strongly 
developed. Subject to dyspepsia. 



frontal lobe is strongly developed, giving upward ex- 
pansion to the anterior part of the tophead, as seen in 
Eugene Debs, Henry George, Shakespeare, Socrates and 
others. 



38 



HEADS, FACES 



It is the inventive, experimental, imaginative, idealis- 
tic, mystical and altruistic shape of forehead. The Hin- 
doo has this shape to his npper forehead. He has the 
same approximate characteristics. He is active in ab- 
stract and speculative religion, but lazy, when it is a 
question of industry. He believes in caste and rank, 
magi, mysticism and speculative philosophy. 




High Forehead. 
A high-square topliead, medium sidehead, long, narrow face, 
harmonious features. From a phrenological standpoint, this is 
the tophead of a highly spiritual minded, religious and peaceful 
man. It is supposed to be the picture of Jesus Christ, the Savior 
of the world. His head and face certainly are of the highest type. 

People who have a high forehead are believers ; they 
believe that the mind is all and that "thoughts are 
things." They believe that something will "turn up," 
while people who have a low forehead turn things up 
themselves. The Hindoo turns gold into ashes, but 
the heavy-set Italian turns ashes into gold. 



TYPES, RACES 



39 



The most prominent characteristics of those people 
are experimentation, speculation, theorization. They 
always take an interest in that which is new, in that 
which is not known, in new doctrines, new art, new 




lilili ... 

"SHHH&ra ■■■■ 

ists " "" 



High Forehead, Rev. Caine. 
A high tophead; a long narrow face; a strongly developed face 
in the center; an honest mouth; a sincere eye; large, active ears; 
an energetic nature. A genuine benefactor and minister of the 
gospel, but a poor business man. Here vitality is weak. Subject 
to neurasthenia and indigestion. 



philosophy. They have an experimental mind, delve 
into inventions, experimental speech and languages, 
speculative religion, experimental breeding of animals, 
the improvement of fruit varieties, experimental eugen- 



40 HEADS, FACES 

ics, experimental poetry. They are the eagles of progress, 
often very impractical. They are always at work 
against great captains of industry, political oppressors, 
capitalists and trusts, but they hardly ever have any 
money themselves. They are called crack-brained 
dreamers by people who are practical and industrious, 
but nevertheless are among the greatest people that we 




Contrast with the High Forehead. 
A large intellect; broad, rather square face. A courageous, 
out-spoken nature; a strong chin; a vigorous sexuality. The 
forehead is low in proportion to its width. A strong, business- 
like and professional attitude. 

have. They are necessary for society, religious and 
progressive at the same time. In them we find the here- 
tics of the past, the heretics of the present. They are 
our reformers, reconstructing things, tearing down the 
old and making everything new. The faculty Benevo- 
lence is the underlying motive in their make-up, which 
of course is the heart and soul of reform, Spirituality be- 
ing the center of doctrine-making. These two brain 



TYPES, RACES 



41 



functions are the most active in them. Liberalism, al- 
truism, experimentalism is their motto, but they oppose 
empiricism and orthodoxy. 

People having a high forehead are socialistic in na- 
ture and tendencies, which means equality. They want 
to give every man an equal opportunity. "All men 
are alike," say they, "and should have equal oppor- 
tunities, wages and benefits. ' ' They are equality mak- 
ers, and yet believe in rank, caste, not from financial, 




A low, broad forehead, very different in shape and form from 
the high forehead. 



political or commercial standpoints, but from educa- 
tional and mystical. 

Compare this forehead with the projecting shape of 
forehead. In the high forehead it is Benevolence and 
Spirituality that give height to the forehead, but in 
the projecting forehead it is Causality, Ideality and 
Mirthfulness, which of course give some height, but 
mainly forward development. 

People who have a high forehead have a weaker 
physique. They are tall, lank, having a sunken abdo- 
men, a small chest, long, slender arms, sunken face and 



42' HEADS, FACES 

cheeks, a small chin, a slender neck, dreamy eyes, a 
thoughtful expression of countenance, a large head, 
compared to the body. 

The leading faculties in them are Benevolence, Spirit- 
uality, Comparison, often Combativeness, Approbative- 
ness, Cautiousness, Language. They are usually bald 
and their foreheads look high above the center of Com- 
parison. 

They have a bold intellect, using it in mysticism, ex- 
perimentalism, metaphysics and reform, in the interest 
of the people, for the advancement of human happiness, 
the same as Henry George or Eugene Debs ; hence they 
develop Combativeness. The sidehead is weak in them. 



LESSON 3. 

THE PROJECTING FOREHEAD. 

The projecting forehead is the opposite of the slop- 
ing. It juts over at the upper portion of the forehead. 
This means originality, abstract thinking, philosophy, 





A projecting upper forehead, not seen so well in a three-quarter 
view, the head is high, the temples are large, the tophead square 
and wide, the pose philosophical. A natural born philosopher. 

deep insight into human affairs. It is the philosophical 
type of forehead, interested in deductive reasoning. It 
leans towards abstract mathematics, especially calculus, 
infinitesimal analysis, higher thought and reasoning. 

43 



44 HEADS, FACES 

This forehead often goes with the face of the philo- 
sophical type, described elsewhere in this book. 

People who have a projecting forehead are great 
thinkers. They are very much of the same tempera- 
ment as those who 'have a high forehead; hence subject 
to nearly the same diseases. 

The strongest faculties in the projecting forehead 
are Causality, Ideality, Mirthfulness, Form, and these 
faculties generally go with Combativeness, Conscien- 
tiousness, Secretiveness, Continuity, Conjugality, Sub- 
limity and the mental-osseous temperament. They are 
tall and slender, having a large head, an incurved face, 
slender hands and feet. They are subject to nervous 
prostration, disturbances of the vital functions, espe- 
cially the circulation. In fact, the entire vital system 
is weak. In them "the spirit is willing, but the flesh is 



THE OVERHANGING FOREHEAD. 

The overhanging forehead hangs over at the temples 
in the region of Constructiveness, like the cornices of 
a building. It is the inventive type of forehead. It 
qualifies its possessor for mechanical invention, complex 
construction, practical organizing, the development of 
important industries or the organization of companies, 
trusts or manufacturing industries. People who have 
this shape of forehead are builders in the full sense of 
that term, constantly thinking of complex construction 
and connection. Some people have mechanical ability, 
but they cannot build that which is complex. A loco- 
motive is a complex structure, an electrical plant is 
complex, the mechanism of a watch, a threshing ma- 
chine, a typewriting machine, a desk, are all complex 
in construction and connection. Those who have Con- 
structiveness so strong that the temples hang over like 
the cornices of a building, together with a bold upper 
intellect in general, are inventive, mechanical, in love 



TYPES, RACES 



45 




with complex structures, sentences, machines, propo- 
sitions, plans, etc. They are builders of some kind. 



THE PROMINENT FOREHEAD. 



The prominent forehead is built out in every direc- 
tion. It is even and has a strong forward development, 
amounting to from nine to twelve inches, in front of the 
Fissure of Sylvius, as for instance, that of Daniel Web- 



46 HEADS, FACES 

ster, which measured eleven inches from the front part 
of Acquisitiveness on one side, around to the same point 
on the other side. 

University professors, great educators, scientists and 
people who descend from ancestors who have used their 
brains in deep intellectual processes, not only direct 
ancestors, but remote ancestors, also have this shape of 




Prominent Forehead. 
A prominent forehead, a mental-osseous temperament, a lean 
face, a studious appearance. Prominent in mental philosophy. 
Low vitality, weak digestion, as indicated by the sunken cheeks. 
A philosophical type. 

forehead. The prominent forehead signifies great intel- 
lectual resources, superiority, a broad view and great 
capacity for intellectual work. Such people can absorb 
and use education ; they can become walking libraries. 
They are usually adapted for filling important political, 
legal, educational, religious or scientific positions. 
Usually they are literary. The forehead is large, even 



TYPES, RACES 



47 



and deep, of the IVebsterian type. It distinguishes its 
possessor in some line, providing vitality be sufficient 
and executive power well represented. 



THE NARROW FOREHEAD. 

The narrow forehead lacks width from temple to 
temple and outward devlopment at the angles of the 
eyes. This forehead has small side development, but 




Narrow Forehead. 
Long central face, long chin, narrow face, narrow forehead, 
high tophead in the posterior region, a head that is narrow and 
flat in the sides. Would you hire a man having a head and face 
like this for a business manager? Would he make your business 
a success? Give a man like this a job, and he will throw it up 
for one disagreeable word. This man has more talent to spend 
jnoney than to make it. 



48 HEADS, FACES 

large frontal development. It is weak in Tune, Calcu- 
lation, Constructiveness, Color, Order, Time, Bibative- 
ness, Ideality, Mirthf ulness ; it is strong in the central 
portion of the forehead. It is not a musical head. Peo- 
ple having such a forehead cannot whittle a straight 
stick. They have no idea about colors, hues and con- 
trasts. Because of their weak Bibativeness, they lack 
liquid in their system, hence their circulation is weak. 
They suffer from varicose veins or various sicknesses 
coming to them through their weak circulation. They 
have a peculiar skin. Because their system lacks liq- 
uid, they are hard and stiff, become overheated quickly 
and are subject to apoplexy, spinal and cerebral dis- 
turbances. Their blood being thick and ropy, does not 
flow as it should. They are not very good money- 
makers. The entire sidehead is usually weak, but the 
central part of the forehead, the tophead, the backhead, 
is well marked. They are good judges, however, of 
size, shape, distance, and location, although they are 
not very good in mathematics, nor in remembering 
numbers, dates, years of anything relating to history, 
mathematics and geography. They are not skillful in 
using their hands, nor in adjusting their fingers. Be- 
ing clumsy, they drop and break things; they are often 
in poor economic circumstances, unless favored by rela- 
tions or connections. They are good, harmless, well- 
meaning, benevolent and sociable, except at such times 
when they are sickly through their weak circulation. 



THE WIDE FOREHEAD. 

People who have a wide forehead are handy. They 
can turn their hands to almost anything. This fore- 
head is the opposite of the narrow forehead. The side- 
head is so strongly marked that it becomes a part of 
the forehead also. The brain functions Bibativeness, 
Constructiveness, Tune, Calculation, Color, Order, Time, 
Mirthfulness, Ideality, are all very active, giving them 



TYPtfS, RACES 



49 




Wide Forehead, Music. 
Forehead very large in the side, above the pupils of the eyes 
and externally. A high central tophead, large lips, optimistic 
nose, the upper eyelids elevated in the center, denoting genius. A 
highly musical mind, great in musical composition and instru- 
mental performance. 








A wide forehead, wide head, wide and somewhat square face. 
Great insight into political and commercial questions. 



50 



HEADS, FACES 




Wide Forehead. 

A wide forehead, not very high, large in the center, at the 

faculties Eventuality, Time, Tune, Mirthfulness. This is a 

literary type of forehead and face. 

a wide forehead in front. People in whom the forehead 
is wide, are handy in embroidery, coloration, art, fine 
construction, skillful in music and in the technical arts. 
They make good painters, artists, musicians, embroid- 
erers, seamstresses, makers of patterns. They succeed 



TYPES, RACES 



51 



in work requiring delicacy of touch, judgment of color. 
Tiiey have delicacy of feeling, plastic fingers, an ac- 
curate eye and a constructive mind. They have keen 
sensibilities, fine feelings, perception of the harmony, 
taste and fitness of things. They are usually very sav- 




Wide Forehead. 

Wide, low forehead; wide head; oblique eyebrows; large under 
lip; broad nose; square face; long ears; long, narrow eyes; se'o 
face, large neck, heavy lower jaw; square and flat tophead. This 
is the wide and low forehead, going with a heavy body and talent 
of a commercial nature. A Chicago saloon-keeper and business 
man. 



ing, careful, prudent, conservative, uniting the prac- 
tical with the idealistic, artistic and intellectual. They 
are handy on fine instruments, in technical work, on 
typewriting machines, or in anything requiring me- 
chanical skill, delicacy of touch and good mechanical 



52 HEADS, FACES 

judgment. They are very particular. They shrink 
from the sword hilt and, being particular, artistic, sensi- 
tive and exclusive, they dislike that which is crude. 

It should be remembered that there are three kinds 
of wide foreheads, one of which is more literary, the 
other commercial and the third artistic. This is more 
fully taught in our classes. 



LESSON 4. 

THE SQUARE FOREHEAD. 

The square forehead is square across in front, at the 
upper part of the forehead, at the sides, in the temples, 



"~! 



Square Forehead. 

A somewhat square face, especially in the central part. The 
central face is masculine, denoting strong instincts of self-preser- 
vation. It is a business face and head, interested in the develop- 
ment and care of the body and in anything relating to the body. 
This face and head means self -protection and the forehead means 
insight into literary, medical and food products. This head and 
face is a combination of the commercial, professional and medical. 
Square-faced people are often commercial, or they are practical. 

and at the lower part of the forehead, across the eye- 
brows. 

People who have a square forehead often, though not 

53 



54 



HEADS, FACES 



always, have low vitality. They are less pronounced 
in the sidehead, tophead, backhead and in the base of 
the brain. It is this want of brain matter in some head 
sections and larger brain size elsewhere that give them 
a square head and forehead. Strength in some facul- 
ties and weakness in others, produce different head 
shapes. 

The strongest brain centers in the square forehead 
are Constructiveness, Time, Order, Calculation, Form, 




Square forehead, long- square chin, long face. This cut explains 
itself. It is the head and face of a mechanical inventor. This 
man has "wheels in his head," without being crazy, or he is in- 
ventive. This is the true face of the mechanic. 



Size, "Weight, Causality, Mirthfulness. The upper cen- 
tral sidehead, above the ears, is decidedly filled out, 
making them slow and sedentary. Their temperament 
is usually the mental-osseous. They are bony, but 
loose in texture, and generally tall. They have a ten- 
dency to examine closely everything they see. A cas- 
ual glance is not enough for them ; they want minutiae, 
the why and wherefore, which of course, takes time; 



TYPES, RACES 



55 



therefore they develop habits of slowness, in movement, 
thought, speech and action. They do mechanical or 
sedentary work of some kind, causing them to lean 
over and become stoop-shouldered. We find the great- 
est plodders, in them, that we have, never very enter- 




Square Forehead. 
Square eyebrows and eyes, angular ears, square forehead, 
square mouth, square tophead. In fact, everything is built upon 
the principle of the square. This man is born for measurements, 
whether mechanical, geometrical, scientific, or otherwise. He is a 
born mechanic. His head is large at Ideality and Sublimity. This 
means mechanical design. 

prising, but precise, conservative, orderly, systematic, 
reticent and home-loving, doing everything according to 
order and plan, because their mind runs to detail, habit- 
making, slowness and application. Practicality in 
making things or laying out structures on paper, pay- 
ing attention to structures, are characteristics pecul- 



56 



HEADS, FACES 



iar to them, because of their large Constructiveness, 
Conscientiousness, Order, Size and Form. They have 
a mechanical eye, an eye for proportion, hence they 
are skillful wherever it is a question of structures, 
whether it be anatomical, mechanical, or technical. 
They are the most skillful mechanics that we have, 
either in purely mechanical lines, or surgical, or in lay- 
ing out structures on paper. Their mind runs to math- 
ematics, mechanics, surgery, draughtsmanship, con- 
struction, anatomy, telephony, telephone construction, 
mending, arranging, adjusting. 

A square forehead means construction of some kind. 




Straight or Vertical Forehead. 
Strong Human Nature and Comparison. A literary mind, able 
to study the. people, their motives, characteristics and peculiari- 
ties. The arrrow points to Comparison, the faculty of sentence- 
making, or literary composition. This nose, upper forehead, eyes, 
face and head are literary. 



TYPES, RACES 



57 



THE STRAIGHT FOREHEAD. 

The straight forehead is perpendicular from the root 
of the nose to the hair-line. It is harmonious every- 
where, but largest in the upper part of the forehead 
(not on top of the head). In this forehead we find ex- 
pansion and area to Human Nature, Comparison, Even- 
tuality, Agreeableness. This forehead is rather nar- 




Straight Forehead. 

A complete side view of this picture would show that the fore- 
head is straight or vertical, well developed all around. This fore- 
head means intuition and great insight into people, character and 
motives; versatility and adaptability. 



row, giving less development in the mechanical and 
mathematical sections of the head. 

People who have a straight forehead are excellent in 
history, memorizing, managing, printing, speaking, ex- 
pression, lecturing, teaching, writing, learning from 



58 



HEADS, FACES 



books, handling people, but are not so exact in mechani- 
cal detail, nor in mathematics. They approach har- 
mony in temperament and faculties, making them pli- 
able and elastic in body, mind and manners. Their 
judgment is broad and reliable. They succeed as teach- 




Straight Forehead. 

Here the forehead is straight and square at the upper portion, 
at the same time as it is high. You see a courageous eye, a large 
ear in the center, a strong nose, a high upper forehead, large 
Human Nature, Combativeness and Acquisitiveness. This is the 
manager of men and business also. Here is tact, daring and judg- 
ment combined. 

ers, printers, writers, book-dealers. They are inter- 
ested in character-reading, studies of the mind, literary 
productions, paying close attention to accent and 
speech. People of this type can say disagreeable 
things pleasantly, because of their intuition, tact, pleas- 
ing address, sociable manners, politeness and adjust- 



TYPES, RACES 



59 



ableness. People who have a straight forehead are 
more sociable than those are who have a square fore- 
head, because of mental and temperamental harmony. 
In fact, they are more harmonious throughout. They 
are tall, slender, pliable, polite, cultured, literary, and 
affectionate, sometimes plump and soft in tissue. 



THE CIRCULAR FOREHEAD. 

The circular forehead is full in the center, rounding 
off in every direction, but is largest in the center. 




Circular Forehead. 

Excellent memory of happenings, names and facts. Large back- 
head and a small nose, well developed tophead. Even-minded, pub- 
lic-spirited. Remembers everything that happens in the neigh- 
borhood. Excellent talker, salesman and memory student. Ab- 
sorbs what he hears like a sponge absorbs water. Not a good rea« 
soner. Makes his money through his sociability. 



60 



HEADS, FACES 



The faculties Individuality, Eventuality, Comparison, 
Form, Locality and Size are all strongly marked, es- 
pecially Eventuality and Comparison. 

People who have this shape of forehead are excellent 
judges of happenings. They take notice of shape, fig- 
ure, contour, and have excellent memory of faces. They 
are interested in the social happenings of the neighbor- 
hood, inquisitive, lovers of gossip, often walking neigh- 





Circular Forehead. 

Large, rounded eyes; gracefully curved forehead; circular head, 
or nearly so; almost circular face; large, full lips; optimistic,, so- 
ciable nose; feminine face; width between the eyes; corners of 
the lips curved a little upwardly, though not so much; eyes ex- 
pressive. A man like this can make money by easy methods. He 
knows everything about the people, likes them, and they like him. 
He can wait upon your customers successfully, hold customers and 
make new ones. Here, verbal memory is good. He has excellent 
memory of names. 



borhood directories. They are quick observers of social 
conditions, able to see and hear quickly. Their glances 
are constantly travelling here, there and everywhere, 
noticing what is done, said or performed. They draw 
rapid conclusions, sum up situations quickly, make busi- 
ness friends, memorize conversation for their own social 
and commercial self-interest. They are interested in 
adventure, travel, recreation, change, variety, stories, 



TYPES, RACES 



61 



story-telling, jokes, commerce, physical comfort, food, 
drink, fun and pleasure. 

People having a circular forehead are excellent 
talkers, conversationalists, ear, eye and book students. 
A fair development of the mechanical faculties makes 
them skillful in painting. They learn quickly from 




Kiss Happy 

Circular Forehead. 
Long circular face; large lips; well developed chin, indicating 
good circulation; a curved line between the under lip and the 
chin, indicating good-naturedness; curved eyebrows; rounded, sin- 
cere and trustful eyes; short, feminine nose, broad at the tip, 
indicating optimism and sociability. Adapted to wait on people. 

practical life. Show them how anything is done, and 
they can do it. The geographical, faculty is well 
marked in them, enabling them to succeed in geography, 
landscape arts, painting, etc. 

They make good salespeople ; they can attend to cus- 
tomers and wait on others. Their working desire is not 
very strong, hence love easy work and short lessons. 



62 



HEADS, FACES 



THE CONVEX FOREHEAD. 

As we are pleased and gratified by the flower at the 
wayside for its beauty and fragrance, so we are gratified 
with the human flower. When we deal with angles and 
angular forms, we deal with strength; when we deal 
with circles and curves, we deal with beauty, delicacy 
and pliability. 




Convex-Forehead. 

Harmonious development of 
head. Excellent faculties of 
Eventuality, Locality, Time 
and Tune. Large backhead, 
well developed temples, men- 
tal-vital temperament. 
Adapted for music and the so- 
cial function. 



The central part of the fore- 
head weak. A forgetful mind. 
Unable to learn from books. A 

•"<*? backhead. a rather high 
parietal lobe. The upper part 
of the forehead well developed, 
giving him ability in analytical 
reasoning. 



The circular forehead is convex vertically, and spheri- 
cal as a whole, but the convex forehead is large in the 
horizontal line, across the middle part of the forehead, 
where the faculties Eventuality, Locality, Time and 
Tune are located. 

People who have a convex forehead are skillful in 
the languages, elocution, music and song, providing, 



TYPES, RACES 



63 



of course, they have the -musical temperament, large 
backheacls and full temples. They are musical, good 
ear students, able to learn from that which they hear, 
because their preeminently developed Tune, Time, 
Eventuality, Language give them excellent judgment 




Convex Forehead. 
In this picture the forehead is curved outwardly, in the center, 
both horizontally and vertically, where the words "convex" appear. 
This is a feminine type of face. A large backhead goes with this 
face. The temperament is mental and vital. This is the temper- 
ament of feeling, emotion, music, poetry and expression. He is 
adapted for music and musical composition. A kind, good, pleas- 
ing, genial and polite man. 

of melody, phonetics, accent and expression, enabling 
them to imitate voices, accents, expression and sound, 
giving them good idea of rhythm and vocal utterance ; 
therefore they excel in vocal and instrumental music, 
speech, languages, elocution, in teaching vocal and 



64 



HEADS, FACES 



instrumental music, or elocution and expression. They 
have a good ear for music and sound. 

The temperament that goes with this shape of fore- 
head is, usually, the vital-mental or mental-vital, with 
soft quality of tissue, being the temperament and tissue 




Large perceptives, or facul- 
ties of observation; a small 
backhead; square tophead; 
good development in the 
crown; weaker development in 
the central part of the fore- 
head; squareness of features, 
all pointing towards the me- 
chanical and mathematical. 



Large crown; heavy base of 
the brain; heavy cheeks; well 
developed jaws; a large, con- 
vex nose; strong faculties of 
observation; a large face; a 
strong pose, all indicating ex- 
ecutive power, in business and 
manufacturing lines, especially 
in the coarser lines. This chin 
means strong sexual energy. 



construction of music and expression, and being also a 
feminine type, with a fleshy rotund body, short in stat- 
ure, with soft tissue, delicate, tender and responsive 
quality. This type loves peace, affection, comfort and 
ease, hence is never interested in laborious occupations. 



THE CONCAVE FOREHEAD. 

This is the opposite of the convex. The entire fore- 
head, in the horizontal line of its center, is concave. 
Here the memory faculties are weak, 



TYPES, RACES 



65 



People having a concave forehead cannot learn from 
books very successfully. They are not very good con- 
versationalists or book students. They can talk and 
learn facts, judge detail, learn from experience or from 
practical life, but do not have a very extensive or se- 




Concave Forehead. 
The forehead of this man is concave, in the center, both hori- 
zontally and vertically. This gives him a poor book memory. He 
cannot remember what he reads, but he can remember what he 
sees. He is a judge of objects, shape, distance, form and color. 
He can talk better with action than he can talk with words. He 
is not a good memory student. It is hard for him to memorize 
oral lessons, or lessons from books. He is adapted for high-class 
mechanics. 



lect vocabulary. Being eye students, they learn best 
from what they see. Show them on a paper or black- 
board and they can take it in. They are good judges of 
objects, shape, distance, form, color, outline, density, 
rarity. They are judges of material, but not good 



66 HEADS, FACES 

talkers. Memorizing is hard for them but they can 
understand. They can learn anatomy from pictures, 
or blackboard illustrations. This holds good in regard 
to everything else. They are object students. 

They are, as a rule, tall and relatively slender, of a 
tough, wiry organization, compact in tissue, steel-like 
in muscle and tendon, often pale or sallow in complex- 
ion. When they are of a pale, muscular temperament, 
they are among the strongest people that we have, 
stronger than they appear, being very deceiving to 
the ordinary observer, pale and sickly in appearance, 
but as wiry as the leopard in tendon and tissue. The 
entire digestive system being weak, they suffer, more or 
less, from disturbances of the digestive function. 



LESSON 5. 
THE CONIC FOREHEAD. 

The conic forehead is shaped like a cone, heaviest at 
the base, or lower part of the forehead, where the per- 
ceptive faculties are located. This is a crude type of 
people. The Indian, often, has«a conic forehead. Here 
the temples show want of development, the reasoning 
faculties are weak, Mirthfulness almost wanting, Con- 
structiveness, Tune, Ideality, Agreeableness, Human 
Nature, Comparison, and Causality are weak, but the 
perceptives show greater growth in their convolutions. 

Those who have a conic forehead are never very orig- 
inal, deep, abstract, mechanical, musical or skillful in 
literary, comic and inventive lines. They care less for 
culture, polite arts, refined appearances, dress, cleanli- 
ness, art, music, expression, philosophy, construction, 
mechanics, literature. They are not skillful. They 
may be handy in making simple articles of construc- 
tion, but are never good in complex construction. They 
have, however, an almost wonderful control of physical 
movement, a strong, muscular system, cerebellum, 
Destructiveness, enabling them to work hard when it is 
necessary. They can become speedy on a typewriting 
machine or a musical instrument, though their music is 
mechanical and crude. They are monotonous in their 
methods, behind times, they get into a groove and stay 
there. They are not progressive or altruistic, nor in- 
terested in the improvement of a city or nation. They 
are somewhat stationary. If a pattern be presented, a 
work originated, and they are shown what to do, they 
can do mechanical and technical work, but they need 
someone to instruct and superintend them. They are 
not enterprising. They are behind times, in brain de- 
velopment, culture, progress, dress, speech, learning and 

67 



68 HEADS, FACES 

everything else. They must work hard for everything 
they get. Hunting, fishing, games, farming and physical 
labor are the best occupations for them. 



THE FLAT FOREHEAD. 

The flat forehead looks like a board right across, in 
front, from side to side. It is well developed at Con- 
structiveness, Time, Tune, Ideality, and even Mirthful- 




Flat Forehead. 
This forehead is flat as a board across; large in the side por- 
tions of the forehead; very large in the perceptive region. This 
forehead is not small, hut it is flat, wide and full in the external 
parts. Excellent judge of material. Adapted for construction. 

ness, well marked in the perceptive region, or lower 
part of the f orehea>d, but weak in Comparison, Causality, 
Agreeableness, Human Nature, Eventuality. It is strong 



TYPES, RACES 



69 



in Calculation, Order, Time, especially in Order. This 
does not mean that the person with this shape of fore- 
head is orderly, for order is a result of Ideality, Con- 
scientiousness, Acquisitiveness, Self Esteem, Size and 
others. 

People who have a flat forehead are expected to lack 
reason, but they are good in certain reasoning processes, 
because of their strong Constructiveness and percep- 




High tophead, large forehead, mental osseous temperament, 
fine quality. Literary. 

tives. It should be remembered that Causality is not 
the only reasoning faculty ; Constructiveness is a reason- 
ing faculty, qualifying for constructive reasoning. The 
perceptives are judges of shape, color, contrasts, density, 
direction, figures, material, detail, data. People can be 
excellent reasoners without Causality, Comparison and 
Mirthfulness. Causality is used in deduction, Com- 
parison is employed in induction, Human Nature re- 



70 



HEADS, FACES 



sponds intuitively, Constructiveness is used in con- 
structive cogitation, Mirthfulness reasons by contrasts. 
There are many different reasoning faculties. 

The flat forehead, because of strong Constructiveness, 
enables its possessor to reason constructively. He is 
very skillful in mechanical lines. He has excellent idea 
of harmony, shape, colors, neatness, system, arrange- 
ment, able to work well under others, but is not nec- 
essarily compelled to work under others. He lacks 
deductive reason and can therefore not always deter- 
mine the outcome of things. 



THE CRAMPED FOREHEAD. 

The cramped forehead is simply small. It does not 
necessarily retreat, it may have any shape, or nearly 
so, but it is always small, measuring perhaps about five 




Cramped Forehead. 
Not very bright at school. Simple minded. Cannot under- 
stand. Liable to be sent home from school. People are likely 
to say about a man like this that he is unbalanced, or that he 
does not have all the five senses. He lacks intellectual capacity, 
but otherwise he is complete. His faculty of understanding is 
weak, as the psychologist would affirm. It should be remembered, 
however, that a cramped forehead does not necessarily retreat. It 
is simply small. 



TYPES, RACES 



71 



inches around, from in front of Acquisitiveness, on one 
side to the same point on the other side. 

A man having a cramped forehead has small capacity. 
He is not very bright at school as a boy ; he cannot learn 
his lessons, nor retain knowledge, nor can he make a 
great use of his knowledge. He is at a disadvantage in 
the world. He may have ambition, inclination, will, 
vitality, strength, magnetism, but he cannot accom- 
plish very much in any special direction. . He has 
limited intellectual capacity. He is compelled to work 
for others, depend on others, and have others do the 
brain work for him to go by. 




Retreating Forehead. 
Idiotic, or nearly so. Xothing but will, appetite and temper; 
will that is not governed by reason. It is blind impulse. It is 
an approach to the animal. Out -curved face, large nose, indicat- 
ing strong will impulses and temper. 



72 



HEADS, FACES 



THE RETREATING FOREHEAD. 

The retreating forehead is different from the slop- 
ing, which is not necessarily small. The retreating fore- 
head is small and retreats very perceptibly, as for in- 
stance in the orang-outang. It is an almost idiotic fore- 
head. 

A man who has a retreating forehead knows but 
little about the internal world. He cannot judge of the 
laws that govern the world. He is in the same condi- 
tion as the animal. He sees phenomena, but knows 
comparatively nothing about the causes, effects, results 




A partially retreating fore- 
head, with large perceptives, a 
vital nose and a vital tempera- 
ment. Good natured, but not 
very wise. He may be a good 
judge of foods and drinks and 
have a good ear for the dinner 
bell, but he is not very bright. 




This forehead is large, better 
developed all through. The 
temperament is more balanced, 
the face more masculine, the 
disposition positive. 



and consequences of such phenomena, nor the depend- 
encies and interdependencies of forces at work. He 
lacks reason in every direction. He may be able to 
walk, look, hear, feel, act and perform feats of strength, 
eat, drink, sleep or do heavy work,* but his comprehen- 
sive brain is deficient, he lacks the faculty of under- 
standing, as the psychologist would express it. A re- 
treating forehead lacks talent, scope, reason, and com- 
prehension. 



HOW TO STUDY HEADS. 

It should be remembered that, when we study head 
shapes, we do not study individual faculties. Faculties 



TYPES, RACES 73 

may be convex in almost any head formation, but there 
is a difference of faculty development, when we com- 
pare head to head. Some heads are differently shaped 
and larger in certain brain areas, as compared to other 
he/ids. Convexity of a brain section is one thing, area, 
another thing, expansion to the head in a certain direc- 
tion is still another different condition to be remembered 
by the student of phrenology. There may be convexity 
without area ; there may be convexity and area without 
expansion. It is expansion and area that produce head 
shapes. Convexity simply shows the activity of certain 
individual faculties. 



THE ELONGATED FORM OF HEAD. 

The elongated head is long from the front to the back, 
or in the intellectual, religious and social lobes, where 
the faculties of reason, spirituality and sociability are 
located. This form of head has area to the tophead, or 
the tophead is long from Human Nature to Firmness. 
This head is large in the backhead, where the brain sec- 
tions of love, kindness, toleration, sympathy and good- 
ness are located. On the other hand, it is weak in the 
business section of the brain, in the crown, where the 
mind functions of will, determination, decision, and 
executiveness have their seats. A twenty-three inch 
head measures about six inches in width to eight and 
one-half or nine inches in length, in the elongated shape 
of head. 

Because the love emotions are cultivated in those 
people, their hands are warm, eyes magnetic, touch 
pleasing, complexion soft, mellow, delicate and beauti- 
ful. Their skin is warm, lips are rosy, voice pleasing, 
bearing graceful, manners sociable, and their accent 
soulful. Their tissues being soft, makes their nerves 
tender, they are effected by climatic conditions, sensi- 
tive to external influences. They are like human barom- 
eters. Those who have an elongated head are interested 
in the human race, doctrines of salvation, improvement 



74 



HEADS, FACES 




Elongated Form of Head. 
A sma*~ neck, an optimistic nose, affectionate lips, ambitious 
ears, an elongated head. This boy as a man, will become strongly 
interested in charity work, culture, development, human institu- 
tions, music, religion, and laws favoring the human family. This 
head is long from the front to the back, in proportion to its width. 
The chin is retreating and the head narrow, indicating delicacy of 
constitution and sensitive tissue. He needs care in order to develop 
properly. 

and development. They can persuade others. They do 
not, however, have a very strong will themselves, hence 
are easily tempted. Their "heart" being stronger than 



TYPES, RACES 



75 



their will, they are moved by feelings, subject to appeal 
and persuasion. They may be ambitious, but their head 
is weak in the business section, hence business people, 
or mercenary traders usually make good use of them, 
never paying them what they really deserve, therefore 
they are at a disadvantage in commercial lines, although 
moved by a loving, altruistic disposition. It is best for 
them to get a liberal education and take up teaching, 
writing, medicine, nursing, ministry or missionary work, 




A very large intellect, a 
prominent forehead, a wide 
face, an ambitious nose, a long 
central face, wiry hair, a large 
upper ear, an intellectual ap- 



pearance, an elongated form of 
head, a sloping crown and very 
strong Spirituality, or anterior 
tophead — all pointing towards 
ministry and education. 



so that they make their money by their intellect and 
affection. They are public-minded, able in teaching, 
writing and oratory, able to help and accommodate 
others, attend to the needs of others, whether in a 
health sense, or in a social, or religious. Their talent 
qualifies them for public institutions. They make ex- 
cellent doctors, especially if they have a strong develop- 
ment of the anterior part of the forehead, a wide head 
at Destructiveness and Vitativeness. As women, they 
make excellent lady teachers in seminaries and colleges, 



76 HEADS, FACES 

fine trainers, kindergarten teachers, ministers of the 
Gospel, moralists, benefactors, slum workers, settlement 
workers, church and benevolent workers of all kinds. 
Sometimes they are good in music". If they work in 
mechanics, it should be in the finer mechanical arts, in 
the softer fabrics, not in iron, steel, stone and bricks. 
They are best adapted .to do something for the people 
in a public and professional capacity. It is the pro- 
fessional type of head. 



LESSON 6. 
THE HIGH-SQUARE FORM OF HEAD. 




■ i" ' mI 


■3CT 


iiPIIifPlPi 


' ; : 




HuV 




H'' >-!>■§ 


^™iisi 








rill 








F- 3 "^* 


■Hpis 


j^flr 


dlllPi 


Ppllii 



High- square form of head, 
a long face, somewhat fleshy 
and wide, together with a wide 
head. This head runs to poli- 
tics, statesmanship, industries, 
organizing. One eye is oblong, 
the other is triangular. The 
oblong eye means speculation, 
the angular eye means me- 
chanics. This man has a con- 
structive, speculative and con- 
servative mind. 



A high- square form of head, 
a thin and long face, a long 
neck, a philosophical appear- 
ance, a mental osseous tempera- 
ment, with a weaker vital con- 
stitution. Can easily overdo. 
Should take excellent care of 
vitality in order to keep that 
large and massive brain going. 
This is the philosophical type. 
A born educator and philos- 
opher. 



This type of head is built on a high pattern. It is 
not necessarily high on top, bnt has an upward develop- 
ment of all the faculties around the head, on a line with 
the temples ; or what we call the sub-co«ronal brain re- 

77 



78 



HEADS, FACES 



gion, is strongly developed. This head is iargest in 
the temples, at Causality, Mirthfulness, Sublimity, Cau- 
tiousness, Approbativeness, Continuity, Seeretiveness, 
Conjugality, Conscientiousness, Ideality, Spirituality, 
Agreeableness, Human Nature. It is a philosophical 
type of head. 

People of this type appear better than they really are. 
They are great tacticians, planners, logicians and phi- 




A Low Form of Head. 
Notice how high the eyes are situated in the face, how long 
the face is from the eyes to the lower part of the chin. Large 
lips, indicating appetite. Interested in worldly goods, food, drinks 
and physical pleasure. 

losophers. They are deductive reasoners, "long- 
headed," tactful, persuasive, agreeable, aristocratic, 
usually dark complected, pleasing, consequently the 
people believe in them. When they undertake enter- 
prises, there are always people willing to invest. They 
are honest, mean well and have tact, persuasion and 
power of conviction, but they do not always succeed, 



TYPES, RACES 79 

because of the weakness of their head in the business 
section. They are great schemers, covetous of fame and 
public recognition. (See the Philosophical Type in this 
book for a better description. 



THE ANGULAR FORM OF HEAD. 

The shape of this type of head appears angular and 
uneven in the various cranial areas. The head is largest 
in the frontal and parietal lobes. The will faculties and 
the intellectual unite in action. The forehead is built 
downwardly, as it were, towards the perceptives, or 
the object and matter-studying faculties. The head is 
small in the back, relatively small on top, but large in 
the central portion of the mesial line of the tophead, 
giving the head a roofshaped appearance. The crown, 
where Firmness and other will faculties are located, and 
the lower part of the intellect are the largest sections 
of the head. 

The head slopes, in many instances, from Firmness 
forwardly to the perceptives. 

This form of head is almost the opposite of the high- 
square or pointed, therefore these people make good 
partners or associates for the people of the angular 
form of head. 

The angular form of head is the scientific type of 
head, found in great scientific investigators. 

Because the emotional brain functions are weak in 
people of this type, the will faculties and the intellect 
strongly active, the texture hard, compact, firm; their 
quality of organization strong and firm, their tempera- 
ment motive, making them bony, heavy, lean, tall, slow, 
deliberate, positive, angular, not only in the head, but 
also in face and body — they have an unyielding dis- 
position, stiff manners, positive speech, a strong will, a 
reasoning mind, are interested in fact, details, data, 
authenticity, scientific investigation, natural phenom- 
ena, in that which takes place in the universe. They 
are matter-minded. They are skeptics, inclined to doubt 



80 



HEADS, FACES 



until investigation has proven it to be a fact. They 
like to see and know, are among the most practical 
people that we have, in the field of science. They are 
positive, stubborn, systematic and scientific, originators 
of physical science, able to study, reason, arrange, sys- 
tematize facts and principles, sum up data, teach facts 
to others, investigate phenomena, resolve data into 




Angular Form of Head. 

Interested in facts, deep thinking; great scientist, earnest, se- 
rious; scientific thinking. This man is a material scientist. He is 
subject to liver disease. Study this face, head and expression. 

principles, principles into science, and give us our physi- 
cal sciences. They excel in geology, physics, dynamics, 
anatomy, mathematics, mechanics, construction, engi- 
neering. They are interested in the earth, its strata, 
fossils, rocks and minerals. Being able and scientific 
men, they can show up falsehood, study the causes of 
phenomena, in the physical world, investigate the hid- 
den and abstruse. They are intellectual fighters, posi- 



TYPES, EACES 81 

tive, rigid, stiff, dogmatic and orthodox in a scientific 
sense. 

All this has a tendency to freeze out of their soul, 
trust, faith, love and poetry. They laugh at emotion, 
ridicule religion, battle with ministers, make sport of 
intuition, inspiration and spiritual phenomena. 

They are not very good doctors in a clinical sense — 
in fact, they cannot deal with people in any capacity, 
except as teachers. They are excellent teachers of 
anatomy, or of the physical sciences at large, both in 
the laboratory and school-room. They make good sur- 
geons. 

They believe in law and facts more than in God and 
miracles. They have no fear of the devil, for they think 
that he is the offspring of the brains of priests. They 
see no God in nature ; they know of no heaven and no 
hell — only science and stern law. 

Because they freeze out the emotional faculties, and 
are so very earnest, they suffer from disturbances of 
the liver and vaso-motor system. They lack oil and 
fat, are hard, rigid, like human stones. 



THE OVAL FORM OF HEAD. 

The oval head is formed like an egg, largest at the 
parietal eminence, about three or four inches above the 
ear and a little behind, or where the hat usually catches 
the head. The oval form of head is the natural, ap- 
proaching the harmonious. 

The greatest characteristics in people having this 
shape of head, are handiness, versatility, love of action. 
They are usually of a muscular constitution, pliable, cat- 
like in tissue, strong and elastic in quality. They love 
games, out-door life, athletics, and active work, but 
care less for sedentary occupations. Having a restless 
disposition, they take sudden, strong notions, leading 
to changeableness in work, love, habits. Often they 
like mountain life, mountain occupations, railroading, 



82 



HEADS, FACES 



seamanship, ball-playing, cattle-breeding, mining engi- 
neering, horse-riding, automobiling, military life, travel, 
active salesmanship, though they are handy at almost 
anything. They are a fair success in anything that 
they undertake. 




Oval Form of Head. 

Here we see the oval form of head, largest at the parietal emi- 
nence. Versatility, adaptability, readiness, promptness, an active 
mind and active muscles characterize the oval form of head and 
face. They have larger sphere of success in the occupations. 



They are subject to disturbances of the sexual sys- 
tem, decomposition products in the blood. There is a 
constant generation of muscular ferment in their sys- 
tem, interfering with the mental and physiological 
functioning. 

See the Combination Type in this book for a more 
complete description of them. 



TYPES, RACES 



83 



THE BOAT-SHAPED HEAD. 

We can well imagine that Adam in the Garden of 
Eden was well tired of his undertaking before he had 
all the creatures of the earth named. It is one thing to 
know a thing when you see it and quite another thing 
to give it a comprehensive and appropriate name. We 




The Boat-Shaped Head. 
A true metaphysician and philosopher. True to his principles; 
strong appetites; adapted for phrenology, oratory and education. 
Wide head and especially heavy in the base, very long from the 
front to the back, measuring 10 inches and a half. Subject to 
heart disease, because of oratorical intensity and strong feeling. 



have had some difficulty in naming these various types, 
but if we can picture the type to you so that you can 
recognize it and know it as it is, it will not matter much 
what it is called. 

The boat-shaped head is like a boat turned upside 



84 HEADS, FACES 

down. It is wide at the ears, but slopes from the ears 
to the top of the head, on both sides. It is largest around 
the ears, at the lower part of the neck and along the 
mesial line, on the tophead, and in front, giving the 
head a peculiar shape. The brain is almost wanting in 
the entire sub-coronal region (on a line with the hat 
rim), in which the man of the high-square form of 
head is the largest. 

The man who has this shape of head is almost a social 
and financial conundrum; he is peculiar, usually a 
laughing stock of the people and yet wise — wise in 
some directions and foolish in others. The faculties 
of order, system, rule, regulation, dress, culture, polish, 
finance are almost wanting. He is usually weak in the 
perceptives, and decidedly developed in Destructive- 
ness, Amativeness, Alimentiveness, Bibativeness, Benev- 
olence, Veneration, Spirituality, Human Nature, Com- 
parison. This is a mingling of faculties that do not mix 
very much better than oil and water, consequently, 
there is an incompleteness, a lack of harmony and an 
unrest in the man's nature — he does not understand 
himself and neither do others understand him. At one 
time he is good, lofty and noble in thought and action, 
and then again he is beset by temptation, ignoble 
thoughts and actions, has fits of temper, and afterward 
disgusted with himself. 

His mental feet wander through Castles of Aladdin 
and again through the Slough of Despair. 

He is a wise fool. He is like ' ' sweet bells out of tune, ' ' 
out of harmony with the people. He laughs at them 
and they laugh at him ; he is unlike others. He is great 
and small; his mind runs to the ridiculous and to phi- 
losophy at the same time. He is laughed at because of 
his peculiar dress, disorderly habits, impulsive man- 
ners; he is admired because of his insight into sacred 
things, into human nature, because of his philosophy and 
oratory. 

Now, he may be a philosopher or lecturer, then he 
may be a cattle-breeder, at another time a metaphysical 
healer. He is uneasy, restless. If he makes a hundred 



TYPES, RACES 



85 



dollars a day, he spends a hundred and one ; if he hasn't 
a bed to sleep on, he is just as happy. He has an 
excellent constitution, warm blood and plenty of it. 
He is usually a Jarge, heavy, fleshy man, impulsive and 
hot-blooded. It is difficult for him to learn at school; 
he cannot remember from books. He can hardly learn 
spelling and reading, but he can understand principles, 




Large Temples. 
This is the opposite of the boat-shaped, wide in the temples 
and in front. A man having a head shaped like the above can 
amuse, entertain and cheer up others. He is interested in the 
social fabric of the world. His is a constructive, idealistic mind, 
interested in external culture and progress. An interesting writer. 

being often superior to his teacher when it is a question 
of principles and oratory. He is a natural orator, a 
good man, but not always understood. He has a strug- 
gle with himself and a struggle with the world. He 
is a diamond in the clay; a philosopher in the crude. 
Sometimes he founds a new religion, or a benevolent 
institution and becomes the high priest himself. 



LESSON 7. 
THE PYRAMIDAL FORM OF HEAD. 




Pyramidal Form of Head. 
A high pyramidal form of head, very high in the central part 
of the tophead, and sloping to the front, to the back and to the 
sides. The forehead is somewhat triangular, the lower face is 
wide and square, the head is wide, the eyes are contracted, the 
face is earnest. Here we have a religious nature, with fear of 
perdition. Here we have weaker temples and very weak Acquisi- 
tiveness. The faculty of Order is weak, as indicated by the down- 
ward tendency of the external eyebrows. This head and face is 
the opposite of order, system, regulation and economy. Devoted 
to the church and to church principles. Interested in ceremonies, 
rituals and orthodox forms of religion. 

This form of head is similar to that of the conic, but 
the conic widens all the way down to the opening of 
the ears, towards the backhead and front head, but the 

86 



TYPES, RACES 87 

pyramidal does not. The pyramidal runs to a peak 
from the hat rim up, at the central part of the tophead, 
where Veneration is located, and is weak in nearly all 
the sub-coronal faculties, in which the pyriform shape 
of head is the strongest. The pyramidal form of head 
is an orthodox, churchly, creed-loving and conventional 
form of head, in love with that which is old, worshipful, 
trustful, dependent, impractical. The pyramidal head 
is dome-shaped on top, high and pointed at Venera- 
tion. Destructiveness and Veneration are the largest 
faculties in this head shape, as are Amativeness, and 
the perceptives. This head tends to disorder, extrava- 
gance and superstitious servility. 

People having this shape of head are fanatics, sub- 
ject to religious mania and prejudices. They are the 
ones who have manufactured religious instruments of 
torture. They are afraid of hell, because they believe 
in punishment. They fear the devil and the future; 
they are superstitious. They believe that God is a tor- 
mentor, that he will punish the world. They are relig- 
ious, but it is the religion of fear, the religion of punish- 
ment. 

Often they form disorderly, slovenly, peculiar habits, 
not caring much for work or useful pursuits. They are 
a combination of heaven and hell, salvation and punish- 
ment. To reach them, you must convince them that 
God demands it from them and that, if they do not 
obey, punishment is ahead of them. It is an emotional, 
conventional type of head, able in theology, prophesy, 
Bible interpretation, the head of popes, high priests, 
judges, prophets, elders and other good though ortho- 
doxic dignataries, saints and also religious maniacs, 
who through excessive action in the religious faculties, 
inflame their religious brain centres, leading to religious 
mania, perverted action of the highest and noblest func- 
tions of the soul. 



88 



HEADS, FACES 



THE EVEN HEAD. 

The even head is neither too large nor too small any- 
where. It is evenly developed everywhere. It is neither 
too large nor too small behind, on top, in front, at the 
sides, in the base, or in the crown. It is simply a har- 
monious head. People having this head formation are 




Even Head. 
An even form of head; neither angular nor ball-shaped, nor 
disproportioned in any direction. This face tends to harmony, 
which is the case with the chin, nose, eyes and expression. This 
man is even-minded, sociable, neither optimistic nor pessimistic; 
neither conventional, nor disregardful of manners, customs, rituals 
and ceremonies. He neither goes to the one extreme nor to the 
other. He can construct and destroy, without making himself 
disliked. He succeeds best among the people. He can make 
thousands of friends. He becomes popular, even when he lacks 
education and talent. 



harmonious. They have good judgment. They are 
deliberative, broad minded, able to understand more in 
all directions, never one-sided and eccentric. They are 
versatile, but they do not appear so able as they are. 



TYPES, RACES 89 

When a man is genius-like in one direction, he is usually 
a fool in some other direction. 

Even headed people have a balanced temperament, 
hence are hardly ever sick. They can succeed at a 
hundred and one different occupations, but are best 
adapted for complex occupations. They should become 
statesmen, representatives, governors, officers of boards 
of health and education, mayors or public officers at 
large. This is what they are best adapted for. They 
are regulators, 



THE WEDGE-SHAPED HEAD. 

When we know the form of head and what it indi- 
cates, we can tell in a second of time, by a glance at a 
man, or his picture, what he is and where he belongs. 
No one would need to look at a picture of Bonaparte 
very long before he would know that he was a born 
warrior. Wedge-shaped heads are war-heads. 

The wedge-shaped head is widest behind the ears and 
tapers like the wedge from behind the ears to the fore- 
head. The backhead is very small, but the lower por- 
tion of the central part of the head, behind and around 
the ear, is voluminous in cerebral area, convexity and 
expansion. Napoleon Bonaparte, and in fact all very 
courageous warriors have this shape of head. It is the 
head of war, the military head, being powerfully built 
out at Combativeness, Destructiveness, Yitativeness, 
Conscientiousness, Secretiveness. The war spirit of 
Combativeness is strongest in this head, and so strong 
that it takes full sway of the mind, causing the man 
to love military life, conquest, martial music, the 
3 of war, warfare, military honor, duty, discipline 
erything else military. Such people are full of 
battle, conquest, opposition, quarrel and war; they 
must conquer or die. They will not know of any such 
word as defeat. 

There is however, another wedge-shaped head, but it 
slopes the other way. It slopes from the front to the 



90 



HEADS, FACES 




Wedge Shaped. 

In this little boy, we see the true head of the warrior, athlete, 
wrestler. This head is wedge shaped, widest behind the ears and 
tapering towards the front. A look at his backhead would reveal 
this more clearly. That chin, pose and head means antagonism. 
Here the muscular impulse is very active and will build a lithe, 
firm, elastic, wiry and strong musculature, and here the faculty 
Combativeness is the leading impulse of the mind. To resist and 
oppose is as natural to him as it is for the duck to spend her 
time in the water. 



TYPES, RACES 



91 




Large, central ear, meaning fight. Large, strong, square, broad, 
long chin; fearless eyes; wedge-shaped head; heavy lower face; 
under lip curved outwardly, which means passion and temper; 
small sloping forehead; low tophead; heavy neck. All those de- 
velopments mean war of some kind. 

back, from Constructiveness in the forehead to Paren- 
tal Love in the backhead. This is the very opposite of 
the military form of head. It means peace, but less 
accomplishment, whether it be in love, war or business. 
We call this the pointed form of head. 



THE POINTED HEAD. 

This is not a very good name for the head shape under 
consideration. We could give those various head-shapes 
technical or scientific names, but the technical names 
will only confuse the student. Plain terms are always 
best. 



92 



HEADS, FACES 



This head shape is opposite to that of the wedge- 
shaped. It slopes the other way. This head slopes 
from the temples to the backhead. It is widest at the 
temples where Constructiveness and Mirthfulness are 
located. It slopes all the way from the temples to the 
occipital lobe, where Parental Love is located. The 
strongest faculties in this head are Constructiveness, 
Mirthfulness, Parental Love, often Benevolence and 




Pointed Head. 

Here, we see the forehead, eyebrows, eyes, nose, mouth, chin, 
face and shoulders of a lady having a pointed head. The head is 
usually pointed in women, or should be so. The pointed head is 
a feminine head. The wedge-shaped head is a masculine head. 
Admiral Dewey, Napoleon Bonaparte, Britt, the pugilist, had 
wedge-shaped heads. People who have pointed heads are always 
sociable, pleasing and a success around the people, often literary. 
If they write, their pen runs to peace, love, sentiment. They 
write of the heart and to the heart. They are hearty, sincere, up- 
right, well-meaning, affectionate. This lady is adapted for litera- 
ture, writing and speech. She is an inspiration to others, because 
her face is optimistic. 



TYPES, RACES 93 

Language. This head is never large in the crown, and 
is positively weak in Combativeness, Destrnctiveness, 
Acquisitiveness. It is almost shaped like a wedge, taper- 
ing from the temples to the backhead, causing it to come 
to a point at Parental Love. This is the reason that we 
call it pointed. 

The temperament is usually vital and mental, making 
the tissues plastic and tender. The circulation is not 
very good. People of this head-shape often suffer from 
varicose veins, rupture of membranes, tissue or blood 
vessels, leading to hemorrhages, internal growths and 
general weakness. They look healthy, even when they 
are sick. 

People of this head formation can heal better than 
they can hurt ; they are tender and sympathetic. Their 
sympathies are always with "the under dog," irrespect- 
ive of law or justice. They make better nurses than 
warriors. They shrink from difficulties, suffering, hard- 
ship and war. This head shape means fellowship, 
drama, comics, nursing and even doctoring. They are 
good in salesmanship, in dealing with the people, amus- 
ing people, participating in the social function. Unless 
they find their best sphere in life, according to their 
aptitude, talent, temperament and characteristics, they 
are at a disadvantage in the battle of life. Their or- 
ganization is tender, sensitive, sponge-like in tissue. 
They look more healthy than they are. 



THE PYRIFORM HEAD. 

The pyriform head is shaped almost like a pear, the 
chin being the smaller end. This head is similar to the 
high-square, but the lower face and temperament are 
different. 

See the Artistic Type elsewhere in this book. 

The pyriform head is the artistic head form. The 
temperament is usually mental, the tissues are fine, soft 
and sensitive, the complexion is grayish, the quality is 
fine, but not strong. The sympathetic system has reached 



94 HEADS, FACES 

a high degree of evolution. People having this brain 
form are subject to heart trouble, disturbances of the 
sexual system, spinal and mental diseases. They are 
particular, tasteful, even finical, with strong likes and 
dislikes, pleasing, agreeable, polite, skillful in the finer 




Pyriform Head. 
The face of the mental-vital temperament is shaped like a pear, 
very strongly oval, largest in the temples and tapering towards 
the chin, the cheeks being rather full and fleshy. This boy is of 
the mental-vital temperament. This means sociability, a sunny 
disposition, a high imagination, exhalted feelings, joyous impulses 
and a lively nature. He . spreads light and sunshine like a sun. 
He will never work hard, will never become a millionaire, except 
in feeling. He is a born orator. That tophead, face and eyes 
mean oratory. 

artistic occupations. In fact, they are the real artists 
in whatever line it may be. 

The pyriform head is mostly distinguished by its 
preeminent convolutionary development in the temples, 
or in the sub-coronal region, on a line with the hat rim, 
where the faculties of taste, art, idealism, imagination, 
fancy and design are located. 



TYPES, RACES 



95 




Square Form of Head. 

It is well to remember that the mental temperament may have 
a square face, the mental-osseous may have a square face, that 
the lymphatic may have a square face, with loose and hanging 
flesh, that the vital temperament may have a square face, that the 
muscular temperament may have a large, fleshy face. But in each 
and every instance, whatever the temperament may be, the square 
face runs to practicality, skillful finger motion, mechanical in- 
sight, or all combined. 

In the above picture, the head is square on all sides. This head 
is very large in proportion to the body. This man weighs about 
one hundred and twenty-five pounds, yet his head measures, per- 
haps twenty-four inches, showing that the head is large in propor- 
tion to the body. This is a mental temperament body and head, 
but not face. The face runs to practicality. The head is de- 
veloped for studies, and the body is light and slender. The above 
is the picture of a promising young lawyer. If he did not un- 
derstand phrenology, hygiene and dietetics, he would not last 
six weeks in law, for the simple reason that his large brain would 
rob his body; hence the legal profession would dig his grave. The 
square head and face is conservative. A person having a head 
like this would never starve, although he expects hard times. 



LESSON 8. 
THE SQUARE FORM OF HEAD. 

The square head is square everywhere, behind, in 
front and on top. It is usually large. 

When the head is square, the temperament is gener- 
ally more harmonious. If the square head has a lean 
body, the talent is more mechanical ; if a large body goes 
with the square head, the talent runs more to commerce, 
politics, organizing, practical law, statesmanship, im- 
portant industries, construction. 

The square head is a constructive, protective and con- 
servative type of head. These people believe in self- 
protection; the instincts of self preservation are very 
active in them. 

It should be remembered that we have several square 
head types, viz., a square head with a lean body, a square 
head with a large and fleshy body, a large square head 
with a mental temperament body. The first denotes 
finer mechanics; the second denotes organizing, law, 
statesmanship, self and national protection; the third 
qualifies more for art. 

People with a square-shaped head act carefully, prud- 
ently and conservatively; they are thrifty, built upon 
the principle of self-protection. It is the German type 
of head, the head of the plodder, practical industrialist, 
conservative and fine mechanic. 

The young lady who marries a man with a square 
head shape can depend upon it that she will be required 
to economize, but she will never know financial want. 



THE NARROW HEAD. 

The direct opposite of the wide-headed or selfish type 
of man, is the narrow head. This head is very narrow 

90 



TYPES, RACES 



97 



in proportion to its height, to its frontal and posterior 
development. People with a narrow head are never 
very good money-makers. They must work hard for 
everything they get. They usually work hard for small 
wages. If they have soft tissue with this head forma- 




Narrow Head. 
Here we see a narrow 1 head and face. If we could see this heat-d 
in the profile, we would find that it is long from the front to the 
back. This man's head is long and narrow, as well as high. Do 
you think that a man like this would be a success in business? 
Do you not think that he would fail? So sure as he goes into 
business, that sure he will fail. In fact, he cares nothing for 
work, business or industry. He would be an idler, throw up his 
position in a minute and steal a ride on the train to some other 
state. Such a man is a rover, and always a poor husband. His 
purse strings are always short. 

tion, they are very delicate, at a disadvantage in busi- 
ness, politics, competition and warfare. They are un- 
selfish, give up easily, cry quickly and become the prey 
of others, because of their want of brain in the side 
head. They are sympathetic in tissue and nerves, sub- 



98 HEADS, FACES 

ject to consumption, weakness of the secretory organs, 
dyspepsia and bowel trouble. 

People who are wide-headed need no law-makers iri 
Washington, D. C, nor any doctors. They have a con- 
stitution like a bear, with equal power of protection; 
but those who are narrow-headed need law-makers and 
doctors, and even then they are at a disadvantage. They 
give up quickly in times of struggle. They are depend- 
ent, best adapted to wait on others. Often they are 
slovenly, inclined to form lazy habits, because of their 
lack of industry, yet they are very willing. If narrow 
headed people have a large anterior tophead, they make 
excellent mystics, mediums, fortune-tellers, physiogno- 
mists, as this gives them a dreamy, mystical, medita- 
tive mind. 



THE ROOF-SHAPED HEAD. 

The roof-shaped or tectocephalic hea^ 1 is shaped like 
a roof, on top. It slopes from the central portion of 
the mesial line on the tophead to the sub-coronal line. 

If this head lacks height above the parietal eminence 
(or Cautiousness) and above the frontal eminence (or 
Causality), at the same time as it lacks brain develop- 
ment in the backhead, it is positively a criminal form 
of head; but, if the backhead is well developed and the 
tophead is high above the parietal and frontal eminences, 
it is a metaphysical form of head, giving inclination for 
metaphysics, suggestive therapeutics, magnetism, heal- 
ing, religious work, writing along metaphysical lines, 
phrenology, physiognomy, pedagogy, progressive medi- 
cine, the founding of new religions, the improvement 
of life in some capacity, whether plant life, bird life, 
animal life, human life, or grains, fruit, fish, or some 
product of life ; especially when the face is masculine, 
the body is short and feminine and the quality strong 
and fine, when it gives us the greatest doctors, meta- 
physicians, ministers and writers that we have. 

But on the other hand, if in the roof-shaped head, the 



TYPES, RACES 



99 




Roof JShaped Head. 
In some of Col. Ingersol's pic- 
tures, the roof-shaped form of 
head is more clearly seen than 
in this picture. His head was 
roof-shaped. Such a person is 
a liberalist. Col. Ingersol would 
have made as great success in 
medicine as he made in or- 
atory. 



High and Square Tophead. 

Here the tophead is high and 
square. The faculties of relig- 
ion are most strongly de- 
veloped. The square and high 
tophead is not interested in 
liberalism. It is interested in 
law, whether human, natural or 
divine. A man who has a high 
tophead and large backhead, 
can always be trusted. 




Roof-Shaped Head. 



100 HEADS, FACES 

tophead be wanting as well as the backhead, it gives us 
the criminal of the deepest dye ; for then the higher and 
nobler faculties are wanting (tophead and backhead) 
and the propensities are left without law, rule, moral 
sense, spiritual guidance and control. The central top- 
head leads away from crime, the backhead prevents 
crime. Love prevents crime, the loving mother would 
not injure her child. 



THE LARGE HEAD. 

The large head is an indication of power, but not in 
all cases. All large-headed people are not great and all 
small-headed people are not always mediocre in talent 
and capacity. 

It has been stated that "Size, everything else being 
equal, is a measure of power." This is true, though it 
is a very general statement, as well as an impractical 
one. It can just as well be said that gray brain sub- 
stance, everything else being equal, is a measure of 
power; that quality, everything else being equal, is a 
measure of power; that intellect, health, executive 
power, and many other conditions, everything else be- 
ing equal are measures of power. Temperament, every- 
thing else being equal, is a measure of power. Even 
education is a measure of power. Education sharpens 
the faculties, gives greater knowledge and insight. 

If the size of the head is made up of hair mainly, thick 
skin, muscle, tissue, blood vessels, thick skull bones, as 
for instance, in the motive-vital temperament, (which 
is an inferior temperament), and the brain itself, is, per- 
haps, as coarse as sawdust and wanting in gray sub- 
stance, how then can there be genius ? In this case, size 
is not a measure of power. The whale has a larger brain 
than a man, but the whale is not a very great philos- 
opher. It depends upon where the brain is, whether it 
is in the base, as for instance in the whale, or in the 
upper frontal lobe, where it is found in the philosopher 
and genius, or whether it is found mainly around the 



TYPES, RACES 



101 



ears, as in the selfish capitalist, the warrior or in the 
bear and lion ; or on top, as in the saint ; or in the back- 
head, where it is found in the philanthropist and chari- 
table worker. 

But if the health is good ; education be sufficient, the 




Large Head. 

Here we see a very large head and a proportionately small 
body. The great German statesman. Bismarck, had a heavier 
brain than any other man, if the reports given are true. This little 
boy has a much larger head than Bismarck, yet he would never 
be a Bismarck in statesmanship. Here the head is large at the 
expense of the body. All the strength goes to the brain. Event- 
ually, it will lead to hydrocephalus. The head of this boy meas- 
ures twenty-six and one-half inches, if we remember rightly. A 
large head is not a measure of power, if the body be small, or if 
the vitality be low, or if the brain is made of coarse brain matter. 

intellect large, the temperament the mental-osseous, 
executive faculties strong, quality strong and fine and 
the brain is well developed in the gray substance, the 
body large, so that it can maintain brain action and give 
personality and vital magnetism, and the head then is 



102 



HEADS, FACES 




Small Head. 

Here the backhead is wanting, the forehead is large and the 
parietal lobe is strongly developed. The head is small in circum- 
ference. Such a man is a cynic. He will sneer at everything, 
whether it be good or bad. That mouth and ear, that long and 
pointed nose, that small neck, the very small backhead, rather 
large forehead and high head above the ears — all mean cynicism. 
Such a man hates the people. He broods and often lands in the 
insane asylum, as a melancholiac, hypochondriac. His cynical 
disposition gives rise to liver disease. Such a man is . a social 
crank. 



TYPES, RACES 103 

large, then and then alone, can we look for power, talent, 
genius, capacity, influence, greatness. It is well for the 
character student or mental philosopher to understand 
what is meant by "Size, everything else being equal, is 
a measure of power." Phrenology is advancing and 
will advance more and more. 



THE SMALL HEAD. 



It is well for the student to remember that a small 
head is a small head. It is also well to remember that 
a small head is often a large head. When the tempera- 
ment is mental-osseous, the gray substance is abundant, 
the executive faculties are strong, the brain is fine and 
strong in its quality, as well as compact in its cellular 
structure, giving a great deal of brain to the square 
inch ; if then the health is good, the intellect large and 
the skin thin — the person is brainy, even when his head 
is small. 

The mental-osseous temperament gives thin skull 
bones, thin hair. In fact, most people of the mental- 
osseous temperament are bald headed, or nearly so. 
If all the before-mentioned conditions are wanting and 
the head then is small, the talent is mediocre. Such a 
man learns his lessons at college with difficulty. If he 
can graduate, he cannot apply the knowledge in practi- 
cal fields, hence he can not succeed. A man who has 
only a spoonful of brain in his forehead cannot learn 
much. His capacity is limited. We cannot put ten 
gallons of water into a one gallon measure. 



THE SLOPING HEAD. 

The sloping head slopes from the anterior part of the 
central tophead (location of Veneration) to the occiput, 
or backhead, and from the same point to the perceptives. 
This is the mystical type of head, or the emotional. All 



104 



HEADS, FACES 




Sloping Head, Medium. 

This picture does not permit us to see the slope of the crown, 
from Veneration back; yet, it is the true head, face, pose, eye- 
brows, nose and eyes of the mystic type. The eyes look beyond, 
as it were, as seen in clairvoyants and mystics. The eyebrows are 
elevated, the expression dreamy, peculiar to mystics, mediums, 
clairvoyants. 

people who have this form of head are interested in 
mysticism, the forming of new creeds, the founding of 
religions, medijimship, Swedenborgianism, occultism, 



TYPES, RACES 



105 



Buddhism, the interpretation of the Bible, doctrines, 
theology, prophecy. They are revelators, prophets, 
mystics. They can communicate with the minds of 
others, from a distance, or with unseen forces, at least 




The Sloping Head. 
Crown weak, face dreamy, mind abstract, tophead feioping from 
Veneration, or from the central tophead back. This is a mystical, 
easy-going, dreamy and lazy type, being interested in new things, 
in that which is strange, mystical, sensational and unknown. He 
has poor memory of facts. Lack of will power. 

they think so — whether it is so or not, is another ques- 
tion. They are creed-producers, they live with their 
minds in another world. They hear music that no one 
else hears, see spirits that others do not see. They have 
visions, dreams. They are seers. 



LESSON 9. 
THE CYLINDRICAL FORM OF HEAD. 




Cylindrical Form of Head. 
This shows a cylindrical tophead from front to back, but this 
man is strongly developed around and above the ears. He is very 
weakly developed in the anterior part of the tophead. He has a 
military mustache, strong nose, courageous eye, large develop- 
ment at Combativeness, making him energetic and active. The 
cylindrical head is small around the ears, both in front, above and 
behind. This is a good side view or three-quarter view of the cyl- 
indrical form of head. 

The cylindrical form of head belongs to the tramp 
and beggar. The typical tramp means no harm, but he 
is indolent. His sidehead is so weak that he is idiotic 

106 



TYPES, RACES 



107 



in industrial and financial directions. There are other 
forms of head that border on this weakness, produced 
by a small side-head, but none is so weak as this type. 
The elongated head is a high type, but it is not very 
successful in commercial, political and financial fields, 
being often a head of business failure. This type, how- 
ever, has more development in the intellect, more am- 




Cylindrical Form of Head. 
Impraetical Type. Study this head in detail. 



bition and energy than the cylindrical type of head, 
otherwise it is almost the same in shape. 

The cylindrical form of head belongs to a lazy person, 
who works only when he is compelled. It is easier to 
beg than it is to work, although often the begger has a 
hard life. A great many negroes have this type of head. 
Beggars and tramps are drifters. They have no energy, 
no ambition to do anything independently, but are not 



108 



HEADS, FACES 



criminal-minded. This holds good in regard to all peo- 
ple who are not very energetic, ambitious, industrious 
and progressive. 

Looked at from the front, the cylindrical head looks 
like a cylinder. It is long from the front to the back 
and very weakly developed around the ears, in front of 
the ears, slightly above the ears and in the crown, but 
it is strongly developed in the upper middle portion of 
the head, or around such faculties as Cautiousness, Sub- 




This head is the opposite of the cylindrical; heavy in the 
sidehead, with a tendency to squareness, leading to industry, 
thrift, energy and active business. People who have this form 
of head are great workers. They work with heart, hand and 
brain. Cylindrical heads are shiftless. 



limity, Hope, Spirituality. Energy, industry, thrift, 
economy, working desire, business vim, the spirit of 
transaction, enterprise and supply are a result of the 
lower central portion of the sidehead, behind, around, 
above and in front of the ears. All of those brain por- 
tions are weak in the cylindrical form of head. Tramps, 
idlers, beggars, thriftless people generally have this 
form of head. 



TYPES, RACES 



i09 



THE SHORT FORM OF HEAD. 

This head is short from the front to the back, in 
proportion to its width. The elongated head may meas- 
ure eight to nine inches from front to back and five 
inches and a half from ear to ear. The short head is 
nearly the same in width as it is in length. It is strongly 
developed around the parietal eminence. The strongest 




faculties in the short head are Approbativeness, De- 
structiveness, Conscientiousness, Friendship, Cautious- 
ness, Secretiveness, Sublimity, Constructiveness, Spirit- 
uality, Form, Amativeness, often Ideality. The quality 
is fine, the tissues are plastic, the organization is sensi- 
tive, the build is usually feminine. (See Feminine Type 
described elsewhere in this book). People having this 



110 



HEADS, FACES 



iorm of head are not very daring. They are industrious 
in a small capacity. Their talent is technical, hence they 
are best adapted to work in the softer fabrics. 

The faculties that we have just enumerated are in- 
terested in dress, fashion, merchant tailoring, dress de- 
signing, clothing, silks, fancy goods, window trimming, 
cutting, card writing, upholstery, designing of various 
kinds, business of a textural and technical nature, dress- 




This head is an approach to the short. Tt has nearly all of the 
faculties strong which are needed in technical work of an artistic 
nature, especially work in the softer fabrics. This head gives abil- 
ity in cloth design, trimming, adjusting, upholstery, drapery 
work, fashion design and the like. It is interested in dress and 
personal appearance. 

making, millinery, fitting, cleaning, dyeing and repair- 
ing of soft fabrics, paperhanging. manufacture of cloth, 
hats, shoes, carpets, wall paper. People with such a 
shaped head and such faculties are skillful artisans, but 
they should associate themselves with men and women 
of energy, push and business sagacity, in order to make 
life a success to such an extent as they deserve. They 



TYPES, EACES 



111 



are good industrious people, but they lack enterprise, 
independence, self-confidence, push and vim. They are 
honest, reliable, trustworthy, neat, artistic. 



THE HIGH PAEIETAL HEAD FORM. 

This shape of head is similar to the angular form. 
The people with a high-parietal head form are, how- 
ever, more emotional and therefore more interested in 
society, people and religion. 




This picture shows the true form of the high parietal, or a 
strong development of the head at the back portion of the top- 
head, at Firmness, or a high head from the opening of the ear up. 
It slopes from Firmness backward and from Firmness forward. 
The intellect is large. Such a man is nothing but will and reason. 
He is not interested in love, poetry and passion, nor in anything 
emotional. He listens to nothing but arguments and stern facts. 
It is the scientific or fact-loving head. 



This form of head slopes from Firmness forward and 
from Firmness backward. The crown of the head is 
very prominent. The apex of the head is at the crown. 



112 HEADS, FACES 

The line drawn from the opening of the ear to Firmness 
is long. Their head is flat in the sides, weak in the 
anterior portion of the tophead. They are weak in 
Ideality, Benevolence, Hope, Sublimity, Alimentiveness, 
Bibativeness, Secretiveness, Human Nature, Agreeable- 
ness, Friendship, often Conjugality, but they are 
strongly developed in the convolutions in which Firm- 
ness, Combativeness, Conscientiousness, Self-Esteem, 
Amativeness and the intellective faculties are situated. 




High Parietal Form of Head. 
Here the crown is the largest part of the head. This means 
leadership. 

Their head is largest in the crown, consequently will 
and impulse are leading characteristics. They are high- 
tempered, intolerant, egotistic, dogmatic, stubborn. 
They mean well but they express their wants in com- 
manding, dogmatic ways, thereby making many enemies. 
They are crude in manners, shocking people right and 
left. Economy, daring enterprise, independence, char- 
acterize them. It is the head of rulership, manage- 
ment and executive power. They are both saintly and 
cruel, feared, but never loved. 

This type of people often run to insanity, convulsions, 



TYPES, RACES 



113 




Scientific Type. 

Outlines of Prof. Dana, Scientist. 

High Parietal Form of Head. 

Pay close attention to the form and shape of this head and 

face. People having such a form of head are interested in facts 

and truths of an objective natur3 

accidents, brain trouble, desperate acts, suicide, murder 
or jail, and this not because of low development, but 
because of their intolerance and stubbornness. They 
use force at all times, never tact, love or persuasion. 
Oppose them and they become desperate. 



THE WIDE HEAD. 

The wide head is globe-shaped, being low and as 
wide as it is long. It is massive in the side regions. 
This is a head for home industry. The wide-headed man 
can always take care of himself. He has a strong con- 



114 



HEADS, FACES 




Wide Head. 
This head is almost globe-shaped, wide between, the ears. The 
upper lip is curved upwardly a little, in the center and downwardly 
at the corners, the nose is wide, the eyebrows are elevated at the 
external corners, indicating honor, order and system. The head is 
broad between the eyes. This head means work, industry and 
business. 




Contrast This With the Wide Head. 
This head is the opposite of the globe-shaped. It is narrow. 
It means dislike for hard work, lack of independence. If a man 
has a head like this and he goes into business, he will fail. He is 
not a business builder. He is more interested in pleasure than in 
work. 



TYPES, RACES 115 

stitution, hence he is long-lived, unless, too weak in 
the backhead and tophead, in which case, he may be- 
come reckless regarding his health. He has strong phys- 
ical appetites. He is a worshiper of the golden calf. 
His mind is mercenary. He is a money-maker on a 
small scale. He can- accumulate money, do business 
and make use of money, property, valuables and things. 
The instincts of self-preservation are very active, for 
which reason he is eager to make money, even as a boy. 
He cares less for studies, refinement, culture, dress, rec- 
reation, travel, pleasure, art, music, philosophy, science 
and religion, but he knows that there are one hundred 
cents in every dollar. Everything that he does is gov- 
erned by selfish motives — love, marriage, war, planning, 
association, studies. If he goes to church, he goes for 
selfish motives. He knows where to advertise and where 
not to advertise. He is practical in an earthly sense. 
His mind runs to peddling, rag, food, and fruit business, 
dairying, agriculture, jewelry, lapidary, auctioneering, 
business in second-handed goods, home industry, simple 
mechanics, lunch counters and all sorts of practical lines 
of money-making. 



THE CIRCULAR HEAD. 

The circular head is as smooth as a ball and heavy in 
the base. It is the vital temperament head. A large 
body usually goes with this form of head. People hav- 
ing a circular head are traders, excellent sales-people, 
caterers. They do not care for heavy work, preferring 
to hire someone else to do the heavy work, while they 
retain the main profits. They are the " middle-men,' ' 
standing between the producer and the consumer. They 
can sit at a desk and plan work, hire agents to carry 
out their plans, hire collectors to collect the money. 
They are good judges of people and their characteristics 
in a practical way, better able to handle people than 
hardware. They can deal with customers, wait on 
trade, .talk, associate, get customers and trade, retain 



116 



HEADS, FACES 




Mr. Carnegie is a good type of the circular head. He is a good 
judge of people and of constructive business, a good organizer, 
trader and planner, able to hire agents to carry out his plans, and 
collectors to collect his money. That broad nose means sociabil- 
ity and a genial disposition. 



customers and make new ones, tell stories, amuse peo- 
ple. They possess business sociability and magnetism, 
hence other people like to be where they are, because 
of their social and vital magnetism. They have plenty 
of rich blood, good development of the backhead and 
sidehead, and are therefore, 'pleasing, playful, interest- 
ing, comical and persuasive. 

They are successful in salesmanship, catering, agen- 
cies, trading and business building. 



TYPES, RACES 



117 




This is not a circular head. It is high in the tophead, or in the 
religious centres. This head means religion, religious culture, 
ethical culture and spiritual unfoldment. It is different from the 
circular head. 



LESSON 10. 
THE LOW FORM OF HEAD. 



1 












1 






tMMMr 












L,/«% 












L 






^ 










- - \ 















Here the tophead is low, almost wanting. The face is large, 
long and wide, the chin heavy, ears large, neck well developed, all 
indicating that the brain in the base is the largest and that there- 
fore the physical appetites have the sway. This man has a long 
face from the eyes to the mouth and a strong chin, well developed 
perceptives and strong Combativeness. This means self-defense. 

The low form of head lacks upward development 
everywhere. A man or woman having such a head lacks 

118 



TYPES, RACES 



119 



scope of view, emotion, sociability, persuasion, aspira- 
tion, love, spirituality, altruism and culture. It is a 
crude form of head and usually runs to crime. It lacks 
expansion in the backhead, crown, tophead, upper fore- 
head and temples, being therefore more of an animal 
type. People having this form of head run to crime 
instinctively, not always to the vicious form of crime, 
as do those people who have an ill-formed head, but 
more to low, animal-like living and habits. 



THE WIDE TRIANGULAR HEAD. 

The wide triangular form of head is widest at and 
around the ears, lacking development in the social, gov- 
erning, moral and artistic regions of the brain. The 
head is low, wide and triangular. 




An approach to the wide- triangular. The head is cat-like in 
form, at the ears. Those eyes are threatening. Here is temper, 
revenge, punishment. 

People having this form of head are mostly success- 
ful in pugilism, athletics, physical culture, sporting 
games, hunting, fishing, professional ball-playing, in 
teaching the pugilistic art, fencing, wrestling, sheep- 
herding, horse-breaking, cow-boy life, mountain life, 
and even robbery and burglary. They are not neces- 



120 



HEADS, FACES 



sarily criminal, but they are not far removed from sin 
and criminality. Their talent runs to the lower occupa- 
tions, saloon life, alcoholic stimulants, drinking, sea- 
soned foods, sensuality. 



THE CONIC HEAD. 

The conic head slopes from the ears upwardly, from 
the perceptives upwardly, from the lower part of the 




Conic Head. 

This form of head is very often seen in the Indian. It slopes 
from the ears up, from the perceptives up and from the backhead 
up. It means cruelty, punishment, treachery. The temples are 
weakly developed, hence he is not interested in culture, art, re- 
finement and progress. 

backhead upwardly. The brain is mostly developed in 
the base. The foundation is heavy, but the upper stories 
are wanting. In the pyriform head, the head form is 



TYPES, RACES 



121 




This head is pear-shaped, or pyriform, the opposite of the conic. 
Notice the difference in head, face, pose and figure. Here the 
lower face is weak, indicating a weak constitution. 

reversed — the upper stories are there, but the founda- 
tion is weak. 

The conic head is largest at Destructiveness, Amative- 
ness, the cerebellum, the perceptives, and weak in the 



122 



HEADS, FACES 



business brain, artistic region, upper portion of the 
frontal lobe, where the reasoning faculties are situated. 
It is often seen in the Indian. It means savagery, treach- 
ery, laziness, want of progress, cruelty, crudeness, mus- 
cular skill, wonderful perception of motion and move- 
ment, ability in balancing, excellent observation, love 
of mountain life, hunting, fishing. It is a primitive 
type of head and goes with a vital and muscular tem- 
perament and coarse quality. 



THE ILL-FORMED HEAD. 

This shape of head is uneven, bony, ridgy, unbalanced 
somewhere, which is the case with the face and body. 
This type of head may be well developed in some re- 




Here we see an ill-formed, irregular face and head. The head 
is low, the mouth shows discontent, the backhead is small, the 
forehead is sloping, the ears are long and pointed, the face is 
bony and angular. These are not good signs. 

gions, but it is always deficient somewhere else. Usu- 
ally, the higher faculties are weak, or even wanting, 
especially Veneration, Conjugality, Acquisitiveness, 



TYPES, RACES 123 

Self-Esteem, which are interested in principle, honor, 
soul-culture, home, love, marriage, industry, business 
and good habits. This type of head takes to crime, as 
the duck takes to water. It is ill-shaped, too strong 
here and too weak there, angular, bony, ridgy, too 
small in one hemisphere and too large in the other, with 
an unnatural development of Destructiveness or Ama- 
tiveness, which are the criminal faculties, in a coarse 
organization, when not directed by the higher faculties. 
Whenever Destructiveness, Amativeness, Combative- 
ness are in the lead of Veneration, Conjugality, Self- 
Esteem, the person runs to crime in some direction. 
This is where we can draw the line between the saint 
and the sinner. Go to a jail and examine criminals 
and you will find ill-formed heads, angular, ridgy, in- 
harmonious ; faces with large and heavy under lips, 
crooked noses, enormously developed upper jaws or 
under jaws, green or yellow eyes, square, small eyes, 
twisted ears, bat-ears, ill-shapen ears, ill-formed limbs, 
twisted legs. In fact, there is a want of harmony some- 
where or everywhere. This is a degenerate type of 
people, interested in crime, in strong and poisonous 
drinks, unnatural habits, morphine, narcotics, abuse of 
the sexual function led by abnormal cravings. People 
having an ill-formed head are "degenerates." Medical 
criminologists have looked in vain, in the past, for "the 
germ of crime" in the brain substance of these criminals. 

"Cheated of feature by dissembling nature, 
Deformed, unfinished; sent before my time, 
Into this breathing world, scarce half made up." 



FACES 



LESSON 11. 

STRUCTURAL PHYSIO GNOMY. 

Physiognomy could be divided into two divisions, 
namely, Structural Physiognomy, or permanent, and 
Transient Physiognomy, or expressional. Physiognomy 
has not been taught from structural standpoints, yet 




this is an important study for practical character- 
reading. 

A great deal has been written about the face, from a 
physiognomical standpoint, but very little has been 
said about facial structure or anatomy. This is more 
important than expressional physiognomy. In fact, 

124 



TYPES, BACES 



125 



structure of the face, head and body is its own historian- 
Such as the mind is, such will be the face, head and 
body. If a being has a snake mind, it will have a snake 
face, head and body. If a being has a dog mind, it will 
have a dog head, face and body. 

If a man is adapted to heavy mechanical construction, 




Daring eyes, combative nose, long, straight upper lip, prominent 
under jaw, a large under lip, all indicating fight, contention, will- 
fulness and antagonism. This is a combative face. 



he has a long and somewhat square face, similar to a 
building, constructed on the principle of squareness. 

Some people have a cat-shaped face and are sudden, 
impulsive, treacherous in disposition. Others have a 
square face and are business-like, industrious, conserva- 
tive and able in money-making. Still others have a 
pear-shaped face, making them artistic, neat, tidy, ex- 
clusive, sensitive and particular. They have light finger 



126 



HEADS, FACES 









Notice how the face is built out in the center in all of the lower 
animals, how the head retreats in the top region and how wide the 
head is from ear to ear. Notice the downward tendency of the 
corners of the mouth in the bull-dog, the "barking-bags" beneath 
the mouth, the sharp, square and pointed ears, the wide upper jaw 
and the fierceness of expression. Notice the Indian, how wide 
his head is. Does not a wide head mean selfishness? Notice how 
flat and wide is the head of the snake. The negro, does he not 
have a narrow head? Narrow headed people are either slaves or 
tramps, servants, or at least, they are not able to make them- 
selves a success in a financial sense, except by some external aid. 



TYPES, RACES 



127 



motion, adapting them for the most skillful artistic 
work. 

The face tells its own story. If the face is ill-formed, 




Bull-Dog. 
Notice the downward development of the corners of the mouth, 
the broad, square face, the heavy, sharp and pointed ears, the 
fierce expression. There is not much optimism in this nature. 




Fox. 

Notice the pointed ear-tips, the development of the central face 
forwardly, the wide face, the weakness of the lower jaw and the 
strength of the upper jaw. indicating strong Destructiveness and 
Secretiveness, the most developed faculties in the fox. 

there is always something wrong with the inner mechan- 
ism. If the face is very wide and short, the man is fit- 
ful, high-tempered, impulsive and subject to ugly moods. 



128 HEADS, FACES 

When the face is long and bony or ox-like in construc- 
tion, the man is strong, slow, powerful. He moves like 
an ox, there is hidden strength of some kind, which if 
aroused, is capable of great deeds. 

When nature builds the face outwardly, as in the bear 
or lion, it means protection, selfishness, strength of 
constitution, self-defense and aggression. A wide face 
can take care of itself, whether it be a question of prop- 
erty, money, health, law, politics or anything else. 
When nature builds to length, it means slow strength. 




Man of the Woods. 

Pay attention to the development of the under jaw, the long 
central face, large loAver front head, heavy neck. Here we see 
Combativeness in jaw, face and pose. 

A large upper jaw signifies selfishness, appetite, im- 
pulse, destruction; the under jaw means power, 
strength, aggressiveness, conquest. Look at the differ- 
ence in the upper and lower jaws of the dog or cat and 
the orang-outang. The cat lacks courage and aggres- 
siveness, but the orang is the most mighty foe that you 
could meet. In the cat, Destructiveness is represented 
by the upper jaw; in the orang, Combativeness is rep- 
resented by the forward development of the under jaw. 
When the orang has his combative impulse aroused, 
he clasps his hands on top of his head, closes his jaws 



TYPES, RACES 129 

tightly, showing his ugly teeth, and uttering his half- 
human but horrible shrieks, when even the lion, the 
king of the forest, shudders. 



•HOW FUNCTIONS ARE REPRESENTED BY POLES 
IN THE FACE. 

Every man who studies the mind and its functions, 
knows that certain physiological functions are repre- 
sented by certain poles in the face. The hectic flush, 
is a positive facial sign of inflamed or sickly lungs. The 
hectic flush is seen where the lung poles are situated, 
consequently represents the condition of the lungs. 

When the digestive system is in bad condition, a 
concavity is seen in the cheeks, midway between the 
corners of the mouth and the tips of the ears, opposite 
the molar teeth. When digestion is in a first class con- 
dition, as for instance, in the growing child, or in a 
person of the vital temperament, this same part in the 
cheeks, is full, convex and presents a healthy glow. 
The heart, kidneys, bowels, liver, bones, muscles, cir- 
culation and every other physical function has its repre- 
sentative pole in the face, aiding the character observer, 
or student of mind, functions, or diseases, to detect the 
condition of any special bodily function. This aids in 
medical diagnosis. It helps the diet expert, the phren- 
ologist, or in fact, anyone who wishes to determine the 
condition or strength of the physical functions. 



130 



HEADS, FACES 



Criticism 




TYPES, RACES 131 



Map of Face. 

People at large do not know that physical functions and men- 
tal faculties have their poles in the face. When it is known 
where a function has its pole in the face, it is possible for a 
doctor or a phrenologist or character reader, salesman or business 
man to tell the physical condition of a friend or stranger, as the 
case may be. 

When the lungs are inflamed or sickly, the hectic flush is seen 
at the lung pole, immediately beneath the cheek bone. 

When the digestive system is weak, a person is pale-red, or 
muddy-dark around the mouth and part of the cheeks, and his 
cheeks are sunken, from one to two inches externally from the 
corners of the mouth. 

When the nostrils are long, large and wide, as in Julius Caesar, 
the faculty Sublimity is strong, and the person is interested in 
big operations and in big things, plans, conquests, structures. 

When the upper lip is large and puffed at "Pride," it is an in- 
dication of pride, self love, self-poise, aristocracy and exclusive- 
ness. 

A very friendly person, sociable and fraternal minded has a 
number of vertical lines in the under lip, and a puffed cheek at 
"Sociability" in the face. 

Will and determination produces a fleshy fullness at the angle 
of the under jaw. The angle of the under jaw is also more square 
and the under jaw heavier. 

Lust, appetite, passion, animal nature and sensuality are seen 
by the double chin, under the cheek; by a fleshy fullness at the 
upper central portion of the chin; by a heavy neck, a large and 
full hanging under lip. and by thick under eyelids; also by 
pimples appearing on the face, forehead and neck. 

Concentration gives us a long lip from the nose downwardly, 
or a long upper lip, with many vertical lines in the white part 
of the upper lip. 

A prominent, well-developed chin denotes good circulation. 

A little dimple in the cheek, between "Absorption" and "Di- 
gestion." as seen on the map of the face, indicates a loving dispo- 
sition, love of popularity. 

One or two little lines seen at the external angle of the mouth is 
an indication of strong Approbativeness, or love .of distinction. 
They are ambition lines. 



132 HEADS, FACES 




Uterary Student, 

Notice what a different face from that of the Indian, how low 
the eyes are in the face, indicating a high tophead. Notice how 
strongly developed the temples, how straight and symmetrical 
the nose, how shapely the lips. Does not a man like this respond 
to culture, progress, spiritual unfoldment, music, art and poetry? 
Is there not a world-wide difference in evolutionary development 
of form, face and figure? 



HOW FACE CONSTRUCTION MEASURES THE 
EVOLUTIONARY STAGES OF MAN. 

The saint is known by his face ; the criminal is known 
by his face. Look at the difference in the face con- 
struction between an Indian of low evolutionary de- 
velopment and a man of a highly evoluted mental tem- 
perament. Notice where the eyes are situated in each 
instance. Notice the form and construction of the face, 
the complexional hue, finish or want of finish in each 
case. This is the work of nature. It is structural 
physiognomy, pointing out conclusively the evolutionary 
stages of each. 



TYPES, RACES 




Compare those two facial expressions and outlines. 




Notice the shape of this face, how long the face is from the 
mouth to the eyes, how the chin and forehead retreat. Notice, 
also, how small the backhead and especially how high up the 
eyes are in the face. 



134 



HEADS, FACES 



HOW TO JUDGE HIGH OR LOW RACIAL EVOLU- 
TION IN THE FACE. 



Low Development. 4 

Retreats from the Vertical Line.. 
Outcurved Face, 



gh Development. 
PhiJospphica.1. 

Projects over the 
Vertical Line 

Incurved Face. 




Even with the Vertical 
Line. 

Vertical or Straight 
Face. 



Vertical Line. 
The vertical line is a measure of evolution. If a man recedes 
from the vertical line, at the upper forehead, he lacks the faculties 
of deductive reasoning and originality. If he recedes from the 
vertical line, at the lower part of the face, it indicates a weak cir- 
culation and a fault-finding disposition. If the forehead and chin 
are even with the vertical line, it indicates harmony of develop- 
ment, giving us a vertical face, an even and straight forehead. 
All uncultured people, coarse and cruel, and all of the lower ani- 
mals recede from the vertical line, as seen in the snake, cat, mon- 
key. 



When the central portion of the face is built out- 
wardly and forwardly, it is a positive indication of un- 
finished evolution. In the cat, pig, hyena, bear, lion, 
lower races and low individuals, the face is always built 
out in the center. The highly evoluted face is straight 



TYPES, RACES 



135 



or incurved. A man of coarse quality and low birth 
has an outcurved face, like a cat. The vertical line is a 
measure of evolution. If a being retreats from the 
vertical line, it shows low grade of evolution. If a man, 
on the other hand, passes over the vertical line, so that 
his face becomes incurved, by reason of an over-hang- 
ing upper frontal lobe, where the reasoning faculties are 
located, and so that the lower part of his face is built 
forwardly, it is a positive indication of high birth, by 
nature, not by rank or royalty. 




136 



HEADS, FACES 




The Vertical Line. 
That part of the fact which touches the vertical line is most 
strongly developed. When the central face is built out very 
strongly, so that the nose alone touches the vertical line, it 
means force, energy, determination, working capacity, will power, 
power of opposition, and a military impulse. When the forehead 
touches the vertical line, or projects over, it means thought, ab- 
straction, deductive reasoning, philosophy. When the chin touches 
the vertical line, and the head and face are long from the chin 
to the crown, with a large neck, heavy shoulders and a face pro- 
jecting forwardly at the lower portion, it means power of consti- 
tution, wiriness of tissue, longevity and robust health. When the 
lips touch the vertical line and the upper face retreats percept- 
ibly, while the lower face is built out strongly and a vital tem- 
perament is in the lead, it means physical appetite, passion, love 
of pleasure, love of food and drinks, love of ease. 



TYPES, RACES 



137 



HOW TO STUDY THE FACE. 

The face may be divided into three divisions, the 
intellectual, the executive and the emotional. The fore- 
head represents the intellectual, the middle portion of 
the face characterizes the executive, and the lower sec- 
tion of the face depicts the emotive side of man. 

The affections are seen in the lips, the appetites are 
seen in the cheeks, intuition is represented by the nose- 

PARTS OF THE FACE. 




tip, the chin stands for muscular strength, passion, cir- 
culation and magnetism. States of mind are represented 
in the eye. Will is seen in the angle of the lower jaw. 
A long central face means power, strength, determina- 
tion; a short central face shows femininity; a long and 
wide central face is a masculine face. A heavy under 
jaw is a masculine jaw, indicating courage and power. 



138 



HEADS, FACES 



A small and narrow under jaw is an indication of deli- 
cacy, sensitiveness, taste, sympathy and a finer develop- 
ment of the nervous system. 



FACIAL FORMS AND WHAT THEY INDICATE. 

The shape of the face should be observed by every 
character-reader. One face is wide and triangular, an- 
other ill-formed, a third conic, a forth convex, a fifth 




High topliead, narrow form of head, long face, soft texture. 
Indolent nature. Here we see an open mouth, a short nose, broad 
and fiat at the tip, a large, flabby upper lip. This means dullness 
of the mind and dislike for hard work. Such a man would rather 
beg than work. 

square, a sixth circular, a seventh oval, an eighth is 
long, a ninth looks like the figure 8, a tenth is square- 
triangular, an eleventh is pyriform, a twelfth is in- 



TYPES, RACES 



139 



curved, and so on. This is structural physiognomy, 
pointing out positively the adaptation of a man, his 
general, racial and individual characteristics, his ten- 




Tlie faculty Imitation is shown here by the crosses at the top- 
head.' This head is high and square on top, because of the strong 
development of Imitation. This man is naturally fleshy, soft in 
tissue, fluent, eloquent, able in acting and mimicry. He is a true 
actor, mimic, personator, orator. Those eyes mean mimicry and 
eloquence. 



dencies to form certain habits, his permanent states of 
mind, inclination for food, drinks, studies and environ- 
ments, all enabling the character-student to draw reli- 
able conclusions regarding his man, at once. 



140 



HEADS, FACES 




Artist, Creator of the Famous "Christy" American Girl Pictures. 

Long central face, from the mouth to the eyes, artistic nose, 
large central tophead, very heavy chin, indicating strong sexual 
impulse, width between the eyes and a constructive mind. Such a 
man is a judge of the opposite sex, their clothing, face, figure, 
complexion, style, appearance. The strongest faculties in this 
man are Amativeness, Veneration and Form. 



LESSON 12. 

THE WIDE TRIANGULAR FACE AND WHAT IT 
INDICATES. 




Wide Triangular Face. 

This face is very wide and short. The forehead is triangular 
and the lower face is triangular. You could not live very sue 
cessfully with a person like this. He has a cat face and cat 
characteristics. He cannot he trusted at all times. He is moody. 
He has a mean disposition and develops cruel tendencies now and 
then. Occasionally he becomes gloomy and dark-minded, and at 
such times is entirely ungovernable. 

This is a low type of face. It is the feline face, 
blood-thirsty, cruel, secretive, selfish, treacherous, in 
character. It is one form of the muscular face. It de- 

141 



142 



HEADS, FACES 



notes an active predatory instinct, restlessness of mind, 
strong appetites, muscular power, a vigorous sexuality, 
love of action and motion. It is a cat-like face, giving 
its possessor cat-like characteristics. 




Wide Triangular. 

Here the face is wide from cheek-bone to cheek-bone, the 
nose shaped like the nose of the cat, the ears pointed, the central 
face square and wide, the forehead sloping (seen on one side), the' 
chin triangular, the eyebrows held low, the upper jaw very heavy, 
but the lower jaw smaller and sloping to a triangle. 



TYPES, RACES 



143 




Wide Triangular. 

This man has an almost wide triangular face. He is of the 
same type, although his forehead is shaped a little differently. 
This man has a large forehead and a rather well developed top- 
head. But he has oblique eyes, square upper eyelids, eyeballs half 
concealed under the upper eyelids, indicating a watchful, cat-like 
expression. He has a triangular and square chin; a closed, square, 
wide mouth; vertical lines on the nose; irregular lines in the 
face; a long nose-tip; a wide face, large cheek-bones; a sly pose, 
all indicating that the faculties of watchfulness are at work. He 
can be foxy. He can keep his own counsel. He can pump other 
people, watch for opportunities and act in the dark. 



144 



HEADS, FACES 



THE ILL-FORMED FACE. 

The ill-formed face is unsymmetrical, too strongly 
developed in some portions, too weakly developed in 
others, ridgy, bony, coarse, irregular in its outlines. It 
belongs to the undeveloped individual. 




Wide Triangular. 

Ill-formed face, ridgy, bony, unsymmetrical. This is the picture 
of an insane man. Destructiveness is too strong and too active, 
which is the cause of his insanity. The ill-formed face runs to 
criminality, insanity and bad habits. 



TYPES, RACES 



145 



THE CONIC FORM OF FACE. 

A man who has a conic face is crude in instincts. He 
has a heavy base of brain. It is a primitive type of face, 
the face of the uncivilized, uncultured. 

He has instincts that he cannot control, a crude con- 
ception of God, civilization, culture, refinement, art and 




Conic Face. 
Here the lower face is very strongly developed; the eyes are 
high up in the face; the nose is convex; the eyes and eyebrows 
oblique; the head wide; quality coarse. This man is not very 
refined. His flesh is weak and his spirit is not willing. It would 
not be easy to convert him to the church ; the "Old Adam" has too 
strong a hold on him. He has an excellent constitution. This 
man will never suffer from nervous prostration. 

music. The "Old Adam" lives in his soul. He cares 
but little for useful occupations, art, music, sciences, 
philosophy, studies. He is not willing 1 to work for a 
living. He wants food, clothing, shelter, money and 
property by easy methods. 



146 



HEADS, FACES 



THE CONVEX FACE. 

There are three parts of the brain strongly developed 
in a person who has this type of face, namely, the cere- 
bellum, the perceptives and Destructiveness, or the same 
brain parts that are large in the monkey, leading to 




Here the head is largest in the lower portion of the frontal 
lobe, in the crown at Firmness, in the lower portion of the back- 
head, where the cerebellum is located, and around the ears, giving 
him a wide head. Here the central part of the face is curved 
outwardly, and strongly developed. It is this development of face, 
head and figure that makes him active, quick, prompt and ener- 
getic. Such a man is an energetic worker. He is adapted to carry 
out orders for the business man. But he is not a planner, nor is 
he a good business man. He is a man for action of a physical 
nature. 

activity and litheness in muscular movement. The con- 
vex face denotes activity, quick brain action, quick and 
strong muscle movement. 

The convex face is built outwardly in the center, the 
same as the wide-triangular face, but it is not so wide. 



TYPES, RACES 



147 



THE SQUAKE-TRIANGULAR FACE. 

Mr. Rockefeller's face is an illustration of this shape. 
The business brain is powerfully developed in a man 
having this form of face, making him selfish, able in 
money-making, long-sighted, or able to see advantages, 




Here the face is square in the center, triangular towards the 
chin and triangular at the upper part of the face and forehead. 
This is a very selfish form of face and head. The eyes are long, 
the nose is broad, the corners of the mouth are drawn downward- 
ly, the ears are pointed, the expression is hard, the eyebrows knit 
in the center, the eyes are oblique, as in the Chinaman. This is a 
fear type, very selfish, greedy, even cruel, always expecting hard 
times. 



grasp opportunities, protect his bank account and 
property. Such a man is not loving, affectionate, genial, 
polite and agreeable, but he has a mind for gain, worldly 
accumulation. 



148 



HEADS, FACES 



THE SQUARE FACE. 

This is a business type of face, as a rule. It is wide in 
proportion to its height; it is square. The tophead is 
low and square, the central part of the face runs to 




Here the face assumes a square form. This means practicality. 
This is the genuine business man's face. It should be remembered 
that there are many different kinds of business men, but a man 
having a square face, a long central face, a wide face, a large 
head above and in front of the ears, with a large, fleshy body, is 
a good judge of the value of things. He is an estimator. He 
knows where money can be made; he is a good judge of the value 
of goods, a good buyer, and a wise economist. 

squareness and width. People having this form of face 
are usually practical in money-making, politics, legisla- 
tion, law, organizing. In fact, they are among the most 



TYPES, RACES 



149 



practical people that we have. They make excellent 
managers, politicians, business men, lawyers, organizers. 
They are conservative, very thrifty, hardly ever poor. 




Mr. J. Astor, Millionaire. 
Excellent business type. Square face, dome -shaped tophead. 

They are fairly well balanced in brain and temperament. 
They usually succeed, because they are good judges of 
material things. 



THE CIRCULAR FACE. 

The circular face is short from the eyes to the mouth. 
It has a low tophead, small crown, a large development 
in front of the ears. It is circular, like a full moon. It 
is the vital temperament face, fleshy and full. People 
having it are sociable, convivial and pleasing. They 
have active appetites which cause them to take a lively 



150 



HEADS, FACES 



interest in a well-set dinner table and a bountiful larder. 
They are frank, sincere, good-natured, mirthful and 
kind, lovers of easy pleasure, amusement and recreation. 




This is a circular face, very large at Destructiveness or be- 
tween the ears. A large body goes with this face. Such a man is 
a good judge of foods and drinks. He likes a juicy beefsteak. He 
can make a success as a butcher, or as a dealer in foods and 
drinks. 



They make good hotel keepers, dealers in or manu- 
facturers of food and drink. They are successful in 
salesmanship, business and trade. 



TYPES, RACES 



151 



THE VASE-SHAPED FACE. 

This type of face is shaped almost like the figure "8," 
or like a vase. The central part of the face is large, 
the cheek bones are heavy, the face is long from the 
eyes to the mouth. It is somewhat similar to the face 
of the elephant. They have elephantine characteristics, 
being dull, slow, dreamy, strong. They walk with slow 
and deliberate steps, but are people for large move- 
ments, whether military, political, commercial or relig- 




Quality fairly fine, tissues compact, solid and firm. Quality 
strong. Temperament osseous and vital, giving a great deal of 
working power. 

ious. They learn very slowly at school. They are men 
who handle great resources, large mechanical plants, 
manage and superintend enormous movements. They 
make excellent politicians, superintendents, mine-own- 
ers, managers, army generals, police superintendents, 
sergeants, agriculturists and constructors. They are 
slow to wrath, but when they get angry, they could 
fight an army single-handed, because of their elephan- 
tine strength. They are sleeping dynamos. 



152 



HEADS, FACES 




Long form of face. Here the bones are strongly developed. 
People who have a bony body are able in construction, science and 
heavy work. They run to engineering, physical science, mechanics 
and heavy construction. They are slow and strong. They are 
able in mathematics. They have reliable judgment of proportion, 
size, distance, strength of material, use of material. They are 
the greatest builders that we have. This man is never in a rush. 
He takes his time, but he can do everything with mathematical 
accuracy. He is the man to apply science in practical life. 



TYPES, RACES 



153 



THE LONG FACE. 

The long face is long from the chin to the fore part 
of the tophead, very long in the central portion of the 
face, comparatively narrow in the sides, but rectilinear. 
They have a heavy under jaw with a smaller upper jaw, 
being the opposite of the cat face. The sides of the 




Miss Gloom 



Long Face. 
Here the corners of the mouth curve downwardly; the nose-tip 
is long; two lines are seen across the nose, between the eyes; 
head wide, face gloomy; eyebrows turn downwardly at the inner 
corners; a small upper lip; a loveless mouth; long central face; 
long neck. This lady has a gloomy mind. Excellent in me- 
chanical work of a feminine nature. 



face are rectilinear. It is a bony face and indicates 
capacity for heavy construction, physical sciences, en- 
gineering, heavy work in some direction. It belongs to 
the scientific and mechanical type of men. People hav- 
ing this form of face are usually slow and ox-like in 



154 



HEADS, FACES 



movement, adapted for* heavy construction in some line. 
They are like rocks. Abraham Lincoln had this form 
of face, Andrew Jackson is another illustration of it. 



THE OVAL FACE. 

The oval face is shaped like an egg, the smallest part 
of the egg representing the lower part of the face. 




Oval form of face. Versatility. Love of culture. 

People having an oval form of face are not aggressive, 
but they are ready. They are not looking for a fight, 



TYPES, RACES 



155 



but they are not trying to avoid it. They are handy 
people, limber, lithe, active, skillful and many-sided. 
They are harmonious in temperament and yet the muscu- 
lar temperament leads them. They are tall, but their 
body and limbs are rounded, muscular and rather grace- 
ful, their features are harmonious. 



THE PYRIFORM FACE. 

The pyriform face is shaped like a pear. It is the 
mental temperament face. There are, however, two 




Pyriform face, refined features, large temples, strong sub- 
coronal development, small neck, narrow head, the lower part of 
the face more weakly developed, indicating a weaker constitution. 
This man is born for the brush and the artist's studio. 

types of the pyriform face, the long and the short. Fur- 
ther explanation of this and many other points, for lack 
of space here, will be taken up in subsequent volumes 



156 



HEADS, FACES 




Pyriform face, sociable lips, a pleasing countenance, a sociable 
nature. Adapted to entertain others. Able in speech, studies and 
metaphysics. 




Long oval face, small nose, small nostrils, chin developed down- 
wardly, large perceptives. This is an artistic face, but it is dif- 
ferent from the others. This lady will have a difficulty to keep 
well. She will have trouble with her chest, throat and vital sys- 
tem in general. 



TYPES, RACES 



157 



of these text books, and especially taken up and ex- 
plained in our courses. 

People having a pyriform face have the mental tem- 
perament in the lead. They are best qualified for art, 
being the most skillful artists that we have. They are 
exclusive, select, refined, particular, nervous, subject to 
heart disease, spinal disturbances, weakness in the sex- 
ual function, brain trouble, neurasthenia. They are 
not strong in bone, muscle and vitality. They are very 
active, but it is nerve action, not muscular. Their 
slender muscles adapt them for fine artistic work. Their 
small body does not furnish enough of vital steam for 
their large and active brain. 



THE INCURVED FACE. 

The incurved face juts over the vertical line, at the 
upper forehead and at the chin, giving the face an in- 




Bold, reasoning intellect. Incurved face. 



curved appearance. There are two types of the in- 
curved, the emotional and the philosophical, both types 
having a long, narrow and incurved face. It is a vege- 
tarian type of face, hence they do not care very much 



158 



HEADS, FACES 




Here the face is incurved. The chin is developed outwardly, the 
upper forehead is developed outwardly. The chin, nose and upper 
forehead are almost on a line with each other. A person like this 
is dreamy, studious, thoughtful, steady, controlled. People do not 
know very much about his movements. He is aristocratic. He 
does not tell the people what he is going to do; he acts without 
speaking. This is a thoughtful eye and a reasoning upper intel- 
lect. He is resourceful. 



for meat, blood, beer, and war. They are peaceful, 
steady, controlled, prudent, philosophical, long-headed. 
They have a refined appearance, excellent reasoning 
power, planning capacity and are usually successful in 
the highest professions, but at a disadvantage when it 
is a question of finance, commerce, money and property. 
They are eager for fame. If they lack executive power, 
they are never known to the world very much, nor 
appreciated, notwithstanding their natural greatness. 
They are often day-dreamers, metaphysical theorists, 
impractical inventors. 



LESSON 13. 

THE MASCULINE FACE. 

Angularity and masculinity go hand in hand. The 
masculine face is long, wide, bony, angular; the upper 




Face long from the chin to the tophead, comparatively long and 
square; central part of face long; mouth square. This lady takes 
after her father. She is more daring because of this. She will 
make more friends among women and children. 

lip is long, tight and drawn, the under lip is large, the 
mouth is wide, the nose convex and sharp, the eyes are 
long in shape and determined in expression. The cheek 

159 



160 



HEADS, FACES 



bones are high, the chin large, broad, square and in- 
dented or cloven, the under jaw is heavy, broad, angular 
and sharp. The ears are large, also the teeth, the skin 
is thick. The eyebrows are straight and square, the 
forehead is large in the perceptives and in the region 




Masculine Face. 

of reason, construction and planning, the cheeks are 
somewhat sunken, the middle portion of the face, from 
the lips to the eyes, is long, and the lower face is covered 
with whiskers. 



THE FEMININE FACE. 




Feminine Face. 

Femininity in outline runs to oval, curve, or cir- 
cularity. The feminine face is short, circular and pyri- 



TYPES, RACES 



161 



form. The skin is smooth and thin, eyes large and 
rounded, nose concave with a large tip; the upper lip 
is large, red and gracefully Curved, the under lip is 




Short nose, refined lips, delicate features, poetic expression, 
more delicate constitution. A clinging nature, poetic sentiment, 
high aspirations, exalted ideas, an artistic and musical mind. A 
favourite among men, but timid, modest, unsophisticated. Not a 
"women's rights" champion. 



smaller, the mouth is short, the chin is rounded and 
small, or pointed, the cheeks are full, the face from the 
eyes to the mouth is short, the under jaw is sloping and 



162 



HEADS, FACES 



smaller, the eyebrows are elevated and gracefully 
curved, the forehead is large in the center and in the 
temples. 

A woman who has a masculine face has masculine 
characteristics and resembles her father; a man who 
has a feminine face takes after his mother and has femi- 
nine characteristics. A woman who has a masculine 
face should marry a man who has a feminine face. 




Here we see a high parietal lobe, a long, heavy ear, a long cen- 
tral face, a large, convex nose, an earnest appearance, a muscular 
neck and a bony make-up. Here we see also smaller cheeks, a 
smaller baekhead, temples less developed, the central part of the 
forehead weaker in development and the anterior tophead rather 
weak. This is the masculine form of head, face and figure. 



TYPES, RACES 



163 




Short fleshy nose, emotional eyes, short central face, harmonious 
ears, larger temples and anterior tophead. This face is feminine. 
This face means ample vitality, a large abdomen, plenty of flesh. 
A man with such a face development is subject to plethora. 



HOW TO READ CHARACTER BY LINES IN THE 

FACE. 



Facial lines come and go, yet there are some lines that 
are permanent, having their own significance and point- 
ing ont permanent states of mind. We do not have 
reference to old age lines, nor to lines of a temporary 
or pathological nature, or those caused by injury. Facial 



164 



HEADS, FACES 




Here we see the lines of pessimism, a dissatisfied eye, a cynical 
mouth and a nose-tip developed downwardly. Such a man will 
be a failure among people. He should have a work which throws 
him away from the people entirely. He should live in the woods. 

lines and deformities can be removed by the specialist, 
but the contour of the face, the shape of the forehead, 
the formation of the head and the temperament cannot 
be changed by specialists. 



READING CHARACTER PROM THE EYES AND 
EYEBROWS. 

The gray eye denotes intelligence. 

The blue eye is the eye of feeling. 

The black eye is strong and inclined to rule others. 

The brown eye is the eye of love. 



TYPES, RACES 



165 




.inning 



The cunning ear is pointed. Notice the cunning eye, nose-tip 
and mouth. Notice how the good natured eyebrow is elevated 
and how open the eye. 

The auburn or light brown eye indicates a comming- 
ling of feeling, love, temper and emotion. 

The green eye denotes revenge, intensity, cruelty, 
temper, meanness of disposition and a tragic mind. 

The yellow eye is a blood-thirsty eye, seen in the tiger, 
cat and very vicious people. 

The hazel eye is sympathetic, craving sympathy, love 
and kind treatment. There is also a great deal of action 
in such people. 

The brown, hazel or auburn eyed person should never 
marry the yellow nor green eyes. 

The black eye is magnetic; the green or yellow eye 
is hypnotic. 

Elevated eyebrows are psychic, mystical, progressive 
and emotional; straight eyebrows are scientific, skepti- 
cal, investigating, willful, dogmatic. Eyebrows that 
curve downwardly in the center are often seen in the 
einner and criminal. 



166 



HEADS, FACES 




, Crying 



y 



e^ 



Ch&racler-re&dirc9 eye. 






Skrewd, s&d, c&lcal&tircg 
d<nd speculative eyes. 



TYPES, KACES 



167 




Cruel 



eve. 



y 




opincuaJ eye 




Sh 



168 HEADS, FACES 

HOW TO READ CHARACTER FROM NOSES. 

It should be remembered that it is unscientific to 
determine character and talent from the nose alone, 
though it has its meaning. It should be studied in con- 





ALTWSTIC'PtfOBLE "SORDID GAM" OPTGMISW' DRAMATIC 
NOBILITY WORLDLY ENTERTAINMENT 





SCIEMT/FIC CRA FTY VOLUPTUOUS 
TRUTH TREACHERY APPETITE 

nection with everything else. Noses are more an indi- 
cation of the particular activity of ancestors and can- 
not be altered by the individual, as the other features 
of the face, which being mobile, may be altered by 
states of mind. 





LOGICAL PE55IMI5TIC SYMPATNET/C 
REASOH GLOOM FEELING 





BROADM/NDED IMPULSIVE MILITARY 
ABIIITY TALK FORCE 



K 





SALVATION PUGILISTIC LAW 
THEOLOGICAL FIGtf T MMATIOfiMTATOItlAL 



170 HEADS, FACES 

HOW TO STUDY CHARACTER FROM JAWS. 

A retreating under jaw indicates a weak circulation; 
a protruding under jaw is antagonistic; a sloping un- 
der jaw with a prominent chin, is a sign of working 
power, activity, muscular and constitutional strength. 
A large, square, long and prominent under jaw, as seen 
in the gorilla, means gorilla strength and a combative 




A well formed chin, but a small under-jaw, indicating delicacy 
of constitution. This is a well formed forehead, large in the 
lower temples. Here we see the temples of the inventor, but the 
under-jaw and neck of low vitality. He is rich in ideas, but weak 
in digestion. 

impulse. It means war; it is the sleeping lion. A re- 
treating under jaw, with a large, wide, convex upper 
jaw, coming to a point at the mouth, with drawn lips, as 
seen in the rat, indicates a nagging disposition. It is 
seen in the cynic. 

Very small upper and lower jaws, tapering to a point 
at the chin, is a positive sign of delicate health and a 



TYPES, RACES 



171 



Will *,nd Ffehtin 
IittS Mid J tews. 





Degeneracy seen in eyes, eyebrows, nose, lips, jaw, hair and 
pose. 



172 



HEADS, FACES 




This is the under jaw of a 
sensualist, or that kind of un- 
der jaw means sensuality, tem- 
per, passion, drinking and fight. 



Everything tends to square- 
ness. This means mechanics, 
draughtsmanship, careful, pru- 
dent work, but low vitality and 
sexuality. 



ThroaJ: 
G^p^city. 




This is the chin, mouth, jaws and throat of a successful orator 
and statesman. When the throat is large, the pommum Adami, 
or Adam's apple, is strongly developed, the chest large, the chin 
large and full, the lower backhead large, and intellect ample, we 
deal with the orator. 



weaker constitution. A man who marries a woman hav- 
ing a very small lower face is likely to bury her and 
his children also. 



TYPES, RACES 



173 



WHAT EAES INDICATE. 

The upper part of the ear represents mentality, the 
middle part of the ear indicates executive power, the 
lower part characterizes the vital temperament, vitality 
and physical functioning. When the lower part of the 
ear is very small, the person is mental, sensitive and 
weaker in a constitutional sense. A wide head, a heavy 
base of the ear, a pointed ear and a selfish nature, go 
together. The cat is a good illustration of this. 

The degenerate ear is ill-formed, turned inside out, 
as it were. The criminal is often bat-eared. When the 
ear lies close to the head, the person is easy going, ab- 
stract, quiet and unpretentious; but when the ear is 
large, long, well developed in the central portion and 
standing out from the head, it denotes that the man is 
a man of action, interested in the physical world, in 
action, change, work and variety. 





This is the ear of Vander- 
bilt. This is an ambitious, 
speculative ear, fairly well- 
formed. 



This is the ear of Mr. Hud- 
son, the writer of Psychic Phe- 
nomena. Notice the shape of 
his ear. The ear leans, as it 
were, towards the lower part 
of the backhead, where the fac- 
ulties are located that are in- 
terested in life and being, 
namely, Amativeness and Vita- 
tiveness. 



174 HEADS, FACES 

"Uncultivated, Irregular Type. 



4mbiri 




FW»?g. Treachery. 



Study of Ears. 
The first ear, "uncultivated," is the ear of Prendergast, the 
murderer. The fifth ear is that of Britt, the pugilist; the third 
ear is that of ex-President McKinley. 

HOW TO STUDY MOUTHS. 

The character student should always bear in mind 
the structural or anatomical condition of any organ, for 
here he deals with that principle, in man or in animals, 
which built and shaped the organ. Why is it that the 




Sel, se\f\sk moulk. 



TYPES, RACES 



175 



progeny of a horse is always horse? Is it not because 
the horse nature builds the horse form? It is just the 
same with the individual peculiarities in people. When 
we study structural physiognomy, we study man as he is. 





This is Prendergast, a homicide, a criminal of the vilest dye. 
Notice his ear, lips, under-lip, jaw, eyes; his backhead, how small; 
the corners of his mouth, how they droop downwardly. In him 
you see the ear of degeneracy. 



176 



HEADS, FACES 








S elf-love in. 
bke Moulk 



CombuUion 




TYPES, RACES 



177 



Particular. Cynical 




Enthusiasm. 




MemPoIjgajTiy 




PI^Mne^in bjt j 





178 



HEADS, FACES 



Suxvl^l |Lsjsion 




EmotienMusftcsdL 




Crime. Loveless 




Altrustic Love. 




When the mouth is wide, it is masculine, when short, 
it is feminine. A wide mouth means will and a strong 
development of the masculine principle. When the 



TYPES, RACES 179 

mouth is developed outwardly or convexly, similar to 
that of a rat, Destructiveness is strong, the social facul- 
ties are weak; hence the man has a nagging, cynical 
disposition. This mouth seems short, but the jaws be- 
ing convex and the teeth set outwardly gives the mouth 
convexity and a big opening when the mouth is opened 
wide. Such a mouth is cruel, even when the disposition 
is timid. A square and wide mouth, with lips drawn 
and the corners of the mouth curving downwardly, de- 
notes a mean disposition. Corners curving downwardly 
indicate pessimism and a fault-finding disposition. A 
downward curving of the corners of the mouth, together 
with a fleshy fullness below the corners and under the 
jaw, as seen in the bull-dog (barking bags) indicate 
a mean and penurious disposition and a tendency to be 
close and niggardly. Such people talk a great deal and 
gossip, especially noticing the evil in people, systems, 
religions, politics. 




WHAT CHEEKS INDICATE. 

Sunken cheeks denote weakness in the nutritive sys- 
tem. Full cheeks indicate healthy action of the nutri- 
tive system. Full cheeks are often seen in good-natured 
people. A happy, friendly disposition and a good di^ 
gestion usually go hand in hand. 



180 



HEADS, FACES 




HOW TO STUDY LIPS. 



Sensuality, passion, temper, impulse are represented 
in a hanging under lip. A very large under lip indi- 
cates that the man is a plunger, impulsive and reckless 
in some directions, or that he has some bad tendency, 
alcoholic, sensual, suicidal, criminal, reckless or specula- 
tive. He may be a good man, but he has his short- 
comings. The lips should not be too large nor too small. 
An open mouth indicates weakness of mind or stupidity. 
A thin upper lip denotes occasional want of affection. 
A thin-lipped man may be affectionate at times, but his 
affection is not permanent. The lips should be grace- 
fully curved, cherry-red, the red part well developed 
and the lips held under control. 



TYPES, RACES 



181 




Lips of 

Judge 

Cooley 



TALK PRINCIPLE. 

Honesty is seen in these lips, but not affection 
Compare these lips with those of Mrs. Meyer. 



Mouth and Lips 
of Prendergast, 
the Murderer. 

A protruding- under lip is a 
bad sign. Such an under lip 
denotes crime and vicious in- 
stincts. Compare this mouth 
wkh that of Judge Cooley. 




TALK BRUTALITY. 



Lips of 
Mrs- Meyer 

A loviig mouth 
has large and full 
lips. The lips of 
Mrs Meyer in- 
talk religion. u cat i mission- 

ary tendencies, a love for the public and public 
work. Compare these lips w.th those of Mr. Depew. 
Colonel Ingersolls lips and those of Mrs. Meyer 
indicate oratory. 




182 



HEADS, FACES 




TALK BUSINESS. 



Nose and 
Lips of 
Mr. Depew 

A broad and 
drooping nose tip 
and lips drawn 
in, denote in- 
intriguery, greed, 
an eagle mind 
and great finan- 
cial planning. 



Colonel Ingersoll's Lips 




Active family affec- 
tions seen in mouth 
^ and lips. Compare 
these lips with those 
of Rockefeller, 



TALK REFORM AND LOVE. 




Mouth and 

Lips of 

Mr. Rockefeller 

A lipless mouth denotes a love- 
less soul. Rockefeller loves money 
more than he loves the people. 

TALK "'HARD TIMES", 



TYPES, RACES 



183 



READING CHARACTER FROM CHINS. 

A retreating chin is a sign of a weak circulation. A. 
prominent chin denotes muscular strength and good 
circulation. A large, rounded chin is magnetic. A 
pointed chin, where the tip turns outwardly, is a sign 
of devotion. A chin having two lobes means that the 
person wishes to be noticed by the opposite sex. It 
often goes with a flirting tendency. A broad, well de- 
veloped chin goes with a strong constitution, muscle, 
bone and vigorous sexuality, giving a good hold on 




A coarse, sensual chin, strong sexual passion. 




Large, broad, heavy, muscular chin and neck. This is the chin 
and neck of Mr. Sandow, the great athlete. 




Quality fine, but delicate. Temperament here is the mental. 
Good development of the chin. The color faculty strong, the tem- 
ples well developed, the face pyriform. This means refinement, 
susceptibility to culture, love of society life, high aspirations, 
beauty of person, refinement, culture, agreeableness of manner. 
Health delicate. 




Large body; heavy neck; large lower face; small tophead ; 
weakly developed temples; fleshy, heavy, muscular, base of brain 
predominating and acting with a large development of the will 
faculties. Here the quality is rather low. This is a vital, motive 
temperament. Adapted for cattle industries. 



TYPES, RACES 



185 



life. A very small chin, jaw and neck go with a delicate 
constitution. A wide chin means strong amative feel- 
ings and a desire for society. A very small, sharp, re- 
treating chin, with thin lips, a wide head and a sharp 
nose, go with an unsociable, hermit-like nature. 




This chin is long and triangular, the nose is artistic, the eyes 
open and the face indicates that the temperament is mental-os- 
seous. The heart and circulation are good, but the lungs are 
weaker. This man has a literary, poetic and highly intelligent 
development. 



TYPES 



LESSON 14. 

HOW TO STUDY TYPES AND TALENT. 

In our study of people, we have learned that they 
can be classified according to head form, face formation, 
temperament, tissue construction, talent and character- 
istics, enabling a phrenologist to generalize characteris- 
tics and talent, from broad and general standpoints. 
Studying character and talent from types, enables us 
to determine the vocational department of a man very 
quickly. 



QUALITY OR "BLOOD." 

What people call "blood" or the breeder of animals 
calls "breed," the phrenologist calls quality. In speak- 
ing of quality, the phrenologist thinks of soul quality, 
fineness, strength, looseness, pliability or porosity of 
tissue. This is important to remember in determining 
individual capacity. Quality is determined by the com- 
plexional hue, faculty development, temperament, type, 
molecular construction of tissue, finish of feature and 
of skin, address, general appearance, — more exhaust- 
ively taken up in other volumes. 

186 




. ^'Whl 



Retreating chin. Weak circulation, weak heart. Subject to 
heart disease. 




Large, square, projecting chin. Excellent bone and muscles, 
good circulation, strong heart and lungs. A man having a face, 
head and chin like this one is a good investment for an Insurance 
Company. 



188 



HEADS, FACES 




Here we see coarse quality of organization. The brain runs to 
weeds; drinking, coarse eating habits, sensuality, crime, liquor 
traffic is what he is interested in. He is low in the scale of evo- 
lution. 

TISSUE CONSTRUCTION. 

Some people have loose tissue, others have stiff and 
hard, still others have elastic tissue, and so on. The 
vital temperament has loose and porous tissue, the 
osseous temperament has firm, often stiff tissue, being 
more unyielding, strong and compact. The muscular 
temperament has soft, elastic and firm tissue. The mo- 
tive-vital temperament has coarse quality and stiff tis- 
sue, the mental- vital has soft and pliable tissue. A man 



\ 



TYPES, RACES 



189 




Quality strong and fine. High development. High tophead. 
Intelligent appearance, studious, philosophical. Adapted for the 
higher professions. 



having an organization like iron, has likewise an iron 
brain, iron will, iron tendencies, iron arguments, quali- 
fying him for solid work, thought and science, by reason 
of compact tissue, which gives him a great deal of brain 
substance to the square inch. 



THE MASCULINE TYPE. 

People of a masculine type are tall, bony, muscular, 
compact, stiff and hard in tissue. They have very large 



190 



HEADS, FACES 



feet, and from the heel to the instep the foot is thick 
and heavy; the legs and arms are muscular and long, 
hands broad and heavy, fingers thick and even, nails 




Resembles father; a positive nature, a thinking mind. Liable to 
overwork. 

large ; the joints well developed. The skin is thick and 
hairy. The body is flat and broad, with a high waist- 
line, the shoulders broad and square, hips small, the 



TYPES, RACES 



191 



neck heavy, the mouth wide, the nose convex and large, 
the eyes square, the eyebrows straight and low; the 
under lip is large and the upper lip is drawn. The 
face is angular and long, especially from the lips to the 
eyes. The head is large, the forehead square, the side- 




Masculine body; feminine mind, brain and face. 

head large, the lower part of the backhead, where the 
cerebellum is located, is strongly developed, the parietal 
region of the brain, or power region, is large. The fac- 
ulties of courage, enterprise, daring, energy, force, will, 
construction, reason, action, business and planning are 



192 



HEADS, FACES 



all strongly developed. The voice is deep, strong and 
mascnline and the step is long and positive. 

When a woman is built on this principle she is said 




Masculine Brain Sections. 
Figures 1 and 2 indicate Where the two main masculine brain 
sections are located. The lower part of the backhead, where the 
cerebellum is located, is another masculine brain section, giving 
muscular power, energy and working capacity. 

to be masculine, which, however, does not mean that she 
is mannish. She is more daring, strong, enterprising, 
determined, business-like. 



THE FEMININE TYPE. 

The feminine type is short in body, tapering from the 
hips up and from the hips down, the body being long 
from the seat to the shoulders as compared with the 
length of the lower limbs. Her waistline is low, her feet 
and hands are small, her arms and fingers rounded and 
tapering, her joints are small and tissues are soft and 
pliable. Her body is rounded, neck long, shoulders 
narrow and sloping downwardly; her face is circular, 



TYPES, RACES 193 

or full, or oblong, or pyriform, and short between the 
lips and eyes; her eyebrows are curved upwardly, her 
eyes are large, nose concave, nose-tip long; upper lip 
is full, mouth short, jaws narrow and tapering, ears 
small, hair long and soft, backhead large, her anterior 
tophead is well developed, temples are full and her 
central forehead is large. Parental Love, Friendship, 
Benevolence, Human Nature, Spirituality, Ideality, 




Feminine Brain Sections. 
The feminine faculties are located in the backhead, in the cen- 
tral portion of the forehead, in front of the ears, in the temples 
and in the anterior portion of the tophead. This head is mainly 
feminine. 

Comparison, Agreeableness, Imitation, Language, Cau- 
tiousness, Approbativeness are all highly active. De- 
structiveness usually goes with the feminine type and 
Combativeness with the masculine. Secretiveness is 
strong in the feminine type, making her tactful, watch- 
ful, saving. She is intuitive, religious, emotional, sym- 
pathetic, accommodating, pliable, artistic ; she is neat, 
orderly and tidy, unless she has an indolent nature 



19* 



HEADS, FACES 




Feminine face, head, figure, arms, hips, body. A flirting atti- 
tude. Adaptation for the stage. 



TYPES, RACES 



195 




Resembles mother mainly, but takes after father in many re- 
spects. This is a spiritual, meditative, thoughtful, benevolent, 
sympathetic, affectionate attitude. Devotion is seen in this face. 



196 



HEADS, FACES 




Large central face, wide mouth, wide face, strong pose, heavy 
neck, large chest, strong hair, daring pose, square eyebrows, large 
sidehead. Positively masculine in mind and body. 



caused by weakness in Acquisitiveness, Destructiveness, 
Combativeness and the cerebellum. She is sociable, 
pleasing, artful, polite and an able conversationalist. 
When a man is built on this principle, he is said to be 
feminine, or he takes after his mother. This does not 
mean, however, that he is effeminate, but it does mean 
that he is adapted for different occupations and that he 
should marry a woman who is more masculine in build 
and characteristics. The feminine type should marry 
the masculine type. People having stiff tissue should 



TYPES, RACES 



197 




Resembles mother. Notice the nose, mouth, eyes, hair, anterior 
tophead. Tactful, persuasive, intuitive, pleasing. 

marry those who have soft and pliable tissue. Physic- 
ally, people should marry their opposites, but men- 
tally they should be similar in many respects. 



THE PRMITIVE TYPE. 

The primitive type has a conic face and forehead. 
The head is shaped like a cone. The brain is small in 
the upper frontal region and in the temples. The jaws 
are heavy, the quality is coarse, hair is bushy, 'coarse 
and dark, skin is brownish or copper-colored, the body 



198 



HEADS, FACES 



is hairy, the muscular temperament, or the motive and 
the vital temperament, is in the lead. The central 
part of the face is built outwardly. Sometimes the 
lower jaw is built out very heavily and the forehead 
recedes, as in the orang-outang. It is a coarse, primitive 
type. Such people are behind in civilization, culture, 




Here we see a wide face, wide head, a head sloping from the 
ear up, making the head conic, very weak in the temples, but 
powerfully developed around the ears. Here we see a very heavy 
lower face, a short neck, heavy shoulders and very long ears. 

development, knowledge, art, philosophy and inven- 
tion. They live close to nature, have crude conceptions 
of divinity, soul culture, law, art, philosophy. 

If Mr. Darwin had studied this type, he might have 
recognized "the missing link." 



THE CRIMINAL TYPE. 

There is a tendency towards the abnormal, irregular, 
out-curved and ill-formed, in the criminal type. The 
ears are ill-shaped, or they are too large and out-stand- 



TYPES, RACES 



199 



ing, as in the animal, or stiff, angular or square, or th<^ 
ears are pointed and very heavy at the base. People 
of this type have irregular bone development, protrud- 




Irregular head, bony, ridgy; drawn upper lip, large hanging un- 
der lip, corners of the mouth lowered; nose ridgy and angular, 
chin angular, eyebrows compressed in the center; many irregular 
lines in the face, three little vertical lines are seen on the nose, 
which lines are always a bad indication. Here we deal with the 
criminal. 



ing in the temples. They have large nasal bones. The 
nose has a sharp ridge, or it is very broad, or long, or 
crooked. At the best, the nose is irregular. The frontal 



200 



HEADS, FACES 



sinus is large and ridgy, which is the ease with the 
superciliary arch. The temples are ridgy, the bones 
above the ears are sharp. The occipital protuberance 
is pointed. At Amativeness there is usually an un- 
even, high, bony ridge. At the central portion of the 
tophead, or bregma, there is a bony ridge, and back 
of this ridge, a very deep depression, indicating weak- 




Criminal Type. 
This face is an approach to that of the gorilla. The face is as 
long from the nose to the chin as it is from the nose to the top- 
nead. The face is large and bony. It is ill-formed everywhere, 
not only face, but also head, features, and everything else. A 
wife could not live happily with such a man. He is a fighter, 
domineering, cruel, mean. 

ness of Veneration, the faculty of honor. At the pos- 
terior fontanel is a bony ridge. The under lip is large 
and protruding. The upper lip is long from the nose 
to the lip ; or the nose is developed downwardly so that 
it almost meets the lower lip. The cheek bones are 
ridgy. The upper jaw is very long from the mouth to 
the eyes. The head is long and flat in the sides, or else it 



TYPES, RACES 



201 



is convexly developed, as in the hyena. There is a 
want of symmetry of form; irregularity everywhere, 
abnormal, ill-formed, ridgy. The eyes dip towards the 
nose, the eyeball is partially hidden under the upper 
eyelid. The thumbs are often thick, fingers short, thick, 
square and bent like claws. The finger-nails are broad 
or triangular ; the eyes cold, the voice loveless, metallic, 
gutteral, or pectoral in quality. The body is bent for- 
wardly and the feet are restless. The criminal moves 




Criminal Type. 
Ill-formed face and head. Will sow his wild oats; not inter- 
ested in work and industry. 



quickly from side to side ; when he walks, he glides like 
the cat. He shoots his eyes into the eyes of other people, 
like a tiger, and looks quickly away. He never keeps 
his eyes or thoughts long on anything. He is usually 
lean, muscular or bony, has a low tophead, and a small 
backhead. His skin is tough, dark, muddy, inflamed 
or dark-blue, caused, perhaps by his bad habits, narcot- 
ics, stimulants, spices, tobacco, condiments, saloon 
lunches, opium, morphine, salty foods, smoked meats, 



202 HEADS, FACES 

all resulting in boiling blood, fiery passions and an in- 
flamed soul. He is predatory in instinct, out at night, 
looking for prey, like the beasts of the wild forests. 

We can detect him by the food that he eats ; we know 
him by his ill-formed face and ridgy head, ill-formed 
ears, large under-lip, or lip-less mouth, stealthy walk, 
restless movements, gutteral voice, set eyes, angular 
features, cat-like face and dark skin. 

Avoid him; he is full of disease, he has virus on his 
lips ; he is lustful, never loving. He runs to abuse, crime, 
unnatural habits. He acts in the dark. He is a degen- 
erate. To avoid him, however, you must be able to de- 
tect him. He is dangerous to your sons, daughters, 
business, happiness and life. Remember that he may be 
well dressed and found in the high places, in the church, 
in society, as well as in the slums and jails. 



LESSON 15. 

THE IMPRACTICAL TYPE. 

There are many different kinds of impractical people ; 
one may be impractical in one direction, but practical 
in another. There is one type of people, however, im- 
practical in every direction, never willing to work, nor 
use their brains, simply dependent, though harmless. 







Impractical Type. 
The police officers and students of psychology were much puz- 
zled at the head formation of this man. They thought that he 
has a very peculiar head form, different from that of other people. 
He is a harmless criminal, idler and tramp. 

They sleep wherever they can, on the sidewalks, on 
trains, in railroad cars, barns, grain-fields, mountains, 
or anywhere. They beg for food and clothing, have no 
sense of industry, no ambition, no working desire, no 
sense of cleanliness. They are drifters, idlers, tramps. 

203 



204 



HEADS, FACES 



Usually those people have a cylindrical form of head. 
(See Cylindrical Form of Head.) 

The tramp lacks brain in the sidehead and in the 
crown. He lacks ambition, energy, independence. He 
is constitutionally lazy. He has a long form of head, 
from the front to the back. He does not lack talent 
so much as he lacks industry, ambition, independence of 



*■** 




Study this form of head and compare it with the impractical 
type and notice the difference. This negro has a high parietal 
head, interested in law and science, a successful Chicago lawyer. 

mind, strength of character, aspiration. Supply him 
with money and he goes and spends it at once, or divides 
it up between his friends. He feels that the world owes 
him a living, hence he does not work. The head which 
is narrow in the base, weak in the sides and in the 
crown, is the head for trampdom, idleness, prodigality, 
listless habits, drifting. A man with such a development 



TYPES, RACES 



205 



drifts like sea-weed. He may be harmless because of 
sub-coronal development, a large forehead and a rather 
well-sized backhead, but he is useless in the various 
affairs of life. His thoughts are aimless. He accomp- 
lishes nothing in the world. 



THE OFFICIAL TYPE. 

The official type is closely related to the impractical, 
yet there is a difference in face and head formation. 




Notice how the lower face slopes, how high the upper parietal 
lobe. Here we have skill, responsibility, dutifulness, obedience 
to law; but not daring, courage, enterprise and originality. 

The official type has a narrow head in the base, but the 
faculties Destructiveness, Vitativeness, Cautiousness, 
Approbativeness, Conjugality, Asquisitiveness, or in 



206 



HEADS, FACES 



fact, the most of the industrial, home-loving faculties are 
stronger, giving people of this type more ambition, work- 
ing desire, love of home, love of family, and inclining 
them for useful occupations, though in an assisting 
capacity. They are willing to work for others, at a 
stipulated salary, or on a commission, or for the purpose 
of helping those who are in need. They hold some kind 
of a position or office for someone else, but are not en- 
terprising, aggressive, courageous, self-acting or suc- 




It may not be perceptible to the ordinary observer that this 
man is weak in the faculties of enterprise, but this is the case, 
nevertheless. This man is a good man, but he must work for 
someone else at a stipulated salary or on commission. 

cessful in an independent sense. They prefer to work 
for someone else. Their head is large in the upper side 
region, around the parietal eminence and in the temples, 
especially at Constructiveness. They have a well 
formed forehead. Their head is weakest in the base, in 
front of the ears, often behind the ears, where Combat- 
iveness is located, which is the source of courage, daring 
and self-action. Their Self-esteem, Acquisitiveness, 
Combativeness and Hope are weak, hence they lack the 



TYPES, RACES 



207 



spirit of self-action. They are dependent, yet respon- 
sible and able. The faculties of responsibility are well 
represented, namely, Conscientiousness, Cautiousness, 
Approbativeness, or Veneration, or Conjugality, or Be- 
nevolence. Their brain, however, is not deficient in the 
base and side region, though it is comparatively narrow. 




This man may have a different talent than the other one, but 
he also should work under the supervision of superior and enter- 
prising minds. He is a worker by nature, strong, steady, ener- 
getic, reliable, but he is no business man, nor could he succeed in 
any of the professions. 



They have good bones and muscles, a well developed 
cerebellum, strong Destructiveness, giving them work- 
ing desire. People of this type have a narrow, long 
head, or a square form of head, with a lean body. They 
are servers and plodders in some capacity, industrious, 
conservative, slowly progressive. 



208 HEADS, FACES 



THE ATHLETIC TYPE. 

This is the most wiry type that we have. People of 
this type, have, as a rule, a cat-like face, a chin developed 
forwardly, a broad, muscular nose, firm and elastic tis- 
sue. They are cat-like in tissue construction, perception, 
quickness of action and movement. They float along, 
as it were, when they walk. They are athletic, pugilistic, 
muscular, easy and noiseless. They hardly ever take to 
the professions, except in an athletic capacity. They 
can become excellent jugglers and contortionists, able 
to bend easily in any direction, because of their gela- 
tinous tissue and yielding articulations. They have 
strong muscles, tendons, cords and ligaments, small 
bones, but large and dense muscles. Their bones are 
like steel springs. Their ears are low-set, often pointed. 
They are the greatest watchers that we have. Their 
eyes are often greenish in tint, or yellow, like those of 
the cat. Their eyebrows are low and knit, their upper- 
lip curled and when they talk, they show the "snarling 
muscles" and sneer. The muscles in their neck are 
strong, their head stiff, partially lowered and set. The 
tophead is weak, backhead small, crown medium, but 
they are strongly developed around, in front, above and 
behind the ears. Their face is wider from cheek-bone 
to cheek-bone than it is long from the mouth to the eyes. 
They have a square, short, or wide-triangular form of 
face. The upper jaw is wide, but the lower jaw tapers to 
a point. It is never angular as it is in the long-square or 
osseous type of face. They have a forward development 
of the chin, peculiar to muscular people ; the lower part 
of the neck, where ligamentum nuchae is attached to the 
occiput, is prominent, indicating a predominant liga- 
mentous and muscular system. The upper jaw is heavy 
and wide, making the face wide and short. The face 
seems to recede at the lower jaw, which is caused by 
the large upper jaw. The cat shows this peculiarity of 
face and head formation. It is wide-headed and wide- 
faced. It has a large development of the posterior 
portion of the backhead, indicating a well-knit mus- 



TYPES, RACES 



209 



cular system. The face of the tiger, leopard and all 
muscular animals is broad and developed forwardly. 
People of this type inherit characteristics and habits 



Less development 

OF THE "N^ 

Religious ^j 
Faculties 



10 







ear 



STR0NG4 MUSCULAR CHIN 

Here we see a wide head; pointed ears; muscular chin; wide 
face; low tophead; smaller intellect; knit features; a forward 
slope of the lower jaw from below the ear to the chin; a rela- 
tively short face from the mouth to the eyes, in proportion to 
its width. Such a man is a fighter, driver, athlete. 

peculiar to the cat, in a modified degree. Litheness of 
movement characterizes them. They are treacherous, 
sudden and sure in attack. They have an accurate eye, 



210 HEADS, FACES 

and make a sudden charge, giving their victim a tremen- 
dous blow, a good shaking up and the game is up. They 
love muscular action ; are quick, tough, wiry. Sedentary 
work does not agree with them; but billiard-playing, 
football, baseball, boxing, wrestling, fistic activity, 
calisthenics, physical culture, fencing, warfare, throw- 
ing, running, bicycle-riding, automobiling, interest them. 
They love games, hunting, fishing, sea-life, adventure, 
mountain life, juggling, sleight-of-hand performances, 
show-life, animal training and animal combats. Some- 
times they become robbers, burglars, safe-blowers, in 
which case, the police authorities find it difficult to 
apprehend them. 

Jimmy Britt, an excellent example of this type, is a 
born fighter. He fought other boys when only four 
years old. His charges were sudden and effective. 

People of this type may or may not become criminals. 
If they are left alone, they will do no harm. They are 
not aggressive, except in a defensive sense. The cat will 
do no harm, so long as it is left alone, but if attacked, 
will fight an army. 

Sometimes these people appear vital and fleshy, and 
unless the character-student understands his science, he 
will not be able to draw a distinction between the ath- 
letic type and the vital temperament people, or people 
of the commercial type. 

The temporal lobe is the leading one in the athletic 
type, and the cerebellum, the perceptives and Destruct- 
iveness are large. The sub-coronal region is weak, the 
tophead is weak, the intellect less marked, but the per- 
ceptives stand out. The crown of the head and the back- 
head are weak. Self-control, dignity, personal magnet- 
ism and nobility of soul are not among their strongest 
points. 

They do not care for trades, business, politics and reli- 
gion, nor for manufacture, except the manufacture of 
physical culture apparatus, boxing gloves and sporting 
paraphernalia. They are often found in the industries, 
however. They are wonderful workers, if they do work ; 
watching others is their chief characteristic. They can 



TYPES, KACES 211 

run other men. A set of workmen are afraid of a man 
of this type. He cares for nothing bnt work, has very 
little love or sympathy, unless he happens to be strong 
in one or more of the love faculties. 

People of this type are whimsical. Now and then they 
may go on a spree, stay away from work days and weeks, 
spend their money and "paint the town red." All at 
once they show their claws, take a notion to whip wife, 
children and relations, like the Indian, who being closely 
related to this type, often goes on a war-path. They 
are uneasy, restless, notionate, not really bad, but are 
not strictly reliable. All at once, they become bilious, 
because of their large Destructiveness and muscular sys- 
tem, generating muscle-ferment. When Destructiveness 
is very active, the liver is irregular in its action, the 
man is subject to moody spells, biliousness, jaundice, 
liver trouble, disturbance of the digestive function, 
gloom and melancholy. This is the reason the cat has 
occasional fits, and the man of this type is uncertain in* 
his moods. 

To deal with the athletic type successfully, it is best 
to "stroke the fur" in the right direction. Use love and 
persuasion in managing them. They like love, though 
they are not loving, but they dislike force, temper, fight 
and struggle, notwithstanding they are often warlike 
themselves. It is possible to scare people, having De- 
structiveness in the lead, into submission, by overwhelm- 
ing force, if they be shown that their resistance is 
fruitless. However, it is best to deal kindly with wide- 
faced people, of an athletic type, a cat-like head, a wide 
or square-triangular form of face. They are treacher- 
ous. 



LESSON 16. 

THE TECHNICAL TYPE. 

People of the technical type have a wide forehead, 
large temples and strong faculties of art, construction, 
music and rhythm. They have a short head from front 
to back, a wide middle-head and a wide forehead, be- 
cause of convex temples. They often have a square 
face, or a wide face, a mental and vital temperament, 
or a vital-mental, a feminine body, fine quality, fine, 
sensitive skin, a delicate touch, an accurate eye, plastic 
fingers, fingers of skill, fine feeling, taste, perception 
of harmony, and a constructive mind. They are strong- 
est in Destructiveness, S'ecretiveness, Amativeness, 
Conscientiousness, Approbativeness, Cautiousness, Sub- 
limity, Ideality, Imitation, Constructiveness, Mirthful- 
ness, Form, Bibativeness, but weaker in the faculties 
that give daring, vim, traffic and enterprise. They 
should associate themselves with first-class business 
men and executive managers, in order to succeed. They 
are handy, skillful, inventive, artistic, but are lacking 
in daring, push and commercial genius. They are too 
conservative, being best adapted for work in fine, soft 
fabrics, in technical and artistic lines: tailoring, sew- 
ing, sign-painting, painting, music, fine technical and 
business arts, embroidery, pattern-making, typewriting 
and drama. They are best for the useful arts. They 
combine business and art. Square-faced people are 
always more practical, industrious, conservative; suc- 
cessful business people are square-faced. People of 
this type are often square-faced, but they have softer 
tisue than the business type, finer skin, a more feminine 
body, softer hair, stronger development of the sub- 
coronal region, less Combativeness, Self-esteem and 
Acquisitiveness, or less business enterprise, larger tem- 
ples, more prudence, greater sense Of responsibility, 

212 



TYPES, RACES 



213 



more development in Destructiveness, Secretiveness, 
Cautiousness and Sublimity, a different temperament, 
finer quality, more plastic fingers. They border on 
business without being business people. They can 
succeed in food industry, bakery and delicacies. They 
are adapted to work in cloth ; they make the best tailors 
that we have. 




Short Form of Head. 

Here we see the front view and the side view of the technical 
type. The head is broad and square in the front view, large in 
the temples, wide from ear to ear. The face is fleshy, feminine, 
mild, rehned. The tissues are soft and the quality fine. In a side 
view, we see how high and square the head is in the anterior 
portion of the forehead, large and square till we come to Firm- 
ness, where it slopes very perceptibly, giving us a small crown and 
a large backhead. The head is as wide from one ear to the other, 
as it is long from the forehead to the backhead. This is the pe- 
culiar form of head of skilled technicians, tailors, etc. 



214 HEADS, FACES 

THE HOME-INDUSTRY TYPE. 

This is a fear type, interesting in the sense that it has 
a very wide head, and yet lacks the spirit of enterprise. 
People of this type are globe-headed, the head being 
very wide for its length, low on top, with a low and 
small forehead. They have a large, rounded, feminine 
body, a square, wide or circular face, usually wide. They 
are vital-motive in temperament, with limited brain 
capacity, coarse quality, thick skin. They are eager to 
make money, but do not always know how, not having 
sufficient of talent, nor the faculties of enterprise, dar- 
ing, push, reason and conception. They can do busi- 
ness on a small scale. 

The Italian being of this type, has strong instincts of 
self-preservation, able to accumulate what he makes. 

This type is mercenary. It has strong appetites, an 
excellent vital constitution, but cares less for studies, 
refinement, culture, dress, recreation, travel, pleasure, 
art, music, philosophy, science and religion. The home- 
industry type of people know that there are one hundred 
cents in every dollar, but they hold a twenty-five cent 
piece too close to the eyes to see the dollar further off. 
They are "penny- wise but pound-foolish." Everything 
that they do is governed by selfish motives. The great 
questions with them are : How much money does he 
have ? If I marry her, what will she inherit ? If I go to 
church, how will I gain ? They never invest before they 
know that it pays. They can work for small wages and 
yet accumulate money, do not believe in spending their 
money, but make use of everything that they can get 
hold of. Their mind runs to peddling, rag business, 
dairy industry, fruit selling, food business, saloon busi- 
ness. They handle second-handed goods, work in me- 
chanical lines on a small scale and generally on a salary. 
Occasionally we find them in jewelry, lapidary, auction- 
eering, running lunch counters. They succeed in gar- 
dening, fruit farming, chicken breeding, cookery and 
various kinds of home industries. Often they become 
peddlers and street fakirs, even criminals, on a small 
scale, such as shoplifters, underhanded smugglers. 



TYPES, RACES 



215 



They are industrious, but not over±y honest. They 
have a crude conception of justice, law, equity, altruism 
and religion. They believe that self-preservation is the 



^ 



m 



WW 



i* 



¥ 




Home industry type. Here the eyes are long and almost closed. 
This means great prudence. When Acquisitiveness, or, in fact, 
most of the instincts of self-preservation are very active, the per. 
son is a prudent money-maker. He saves what he makes. He 
makes money by saving, and not by speculation. He is afraid to 
venture, lest he may lose. 

first law of nature, and work from this principle, always 
on a small scale. Their sense of character, rank, station 
and position is not very high. They dress comfortably, 
but in cheap, often gaudy, articles of dress. They work 



216 HEADS, FACES 

for anything that they can get, but always work. They 
buy goods cheaply, polish them up, and sell at as high a 
price as possible. They are selfish, mercenary, timid, 
prudent. They work hard, not because they love hard 
work, but because of desire for gain. They cling to their 
position because of the wages. They are true to their 
wives because of the money and property that they have 
in common. They do everything for gain. If they give 
to a church, it is not because they want to help religion, 
or the poor, but because of business gain. They are not 
wise in speculative investments, nor do they invest as a 
rule. They may be fooled in speculation, yet they never 
give up. As soon as their children are old enough, they 
send them out on the streets to peddle newspapers, postal 
cards, sell lemonade, chewing-gum, gather rags, or do 
anything to make money. 

This type of people make good delivery-people, steady 
mechanics, reliable house servants. They can run fruit 
stands and places of refreshment, or engage in laundry 
business. They live, work, invest, build, dress, worship, 
all on a small scale. They are good people, though not 
very brainy. They are willing to put in long hours at 
small profits, make many sales at a small gain. They 
are people for small transactions. They work early and 
late, Sunday and Monday, summer and winter, in snow 
and rain, are industrious and never lose any time. They 
never indulge in luxury. They are the opposite of nar- 
row-headed people, or those having the cylindrical form 
of head. The cylindrical form of head is the head of the 
idler and tramp ; the globe-shaped head means industry, 
work, frugality, small transactions, gain. 



LESSON 17. 

THE MILITARY TYPE. 

Strictly speaking, there are three different military 
types, or head formations, one being of a serving type, 
having a small head and a large, bony body ; the other 
having a high-parietal shape of head, described else- 
where in this book; the third having a wedge-shaped 




Napoleon Bonaparte, the great military genius. Notice the 
width of the head behind and above the ears. Notice how the 
head slopes forward. Here we see a heavy neck, a firm pose, a 
military attitude, a determined face, heavy jaw, long central face 
and a very large forehead. His head must have measured over 
twenty-five inches, perhaps twenty-six. This is a military atti- 
tude in every sense of the word. 

head, similar to that of Napoleon Bonaparte, or Alexan- 
der the Great, or in fact, any great warrior who has 
made himself a success in military leadership. True 
military people have wedge-shaped heads. The body 
may be bony and masculine, or muscular and feminine, 
as for instance Napoleon Bonaparte, who had a feminine 

217 



218 



HEADS, FACES 



body, a masculine face, and a wedge-shaped head. He 
did not only have a military mind and disposition, but 




Military Type. 
Prominent lower jaw, daring, ambitious ears ; strong pose ; fear- 
less eyes; wide head behind and above the ears, sloping towards 
the forehead. Best adapted for military life. 

he was also intuitive, tactful and strategic, which of 
course, are feminine characteristics. This form of head 
is described more fully under "The Wedge-Shaped 



TYPES, RACES 



219 



Head." The backhead in this type, is small, but the 
lower portion of the middle lobe, behind and around the 
ears, is very marked, causing the head to taper like a 




Head large, behind and above the ears; military nose; strong 
pose; heavy chest; a daring appearance. A man like this will 
speak out what he thinks, regardless of consequences. 

wedge, from behind the ears to the forehead. When 
the forehead is very large, as in Napoleon Bonaparte, 
the head does not taper so much, but when the forehead 
is small, as in great pugilists, the head assumes a wedge. 



220 



HEADS, FACES 



shaped form. It is the true war head, strong in the 
war faculties, Combativeness, Destructiveness, cerebel- 
lum, Vitativeness, Secretiveness and others. The strong- 




This is a brutal attitude. Notice the aquiline nose, the set 
lips, the cruel eyes, bushy eyebrow, stiff, strong, bushy hair, 
broad face, square angular jaw, lines between the eyes, on the 
forehead, the mean appearance. This is a war head also, only in 
a different capacity. The face tells the story. 

est faculty in the military type is Combativeness. A 
very wide head behind and above the ears, with a small 
backhead, is a war head, either pugilistic, polemic, or 



TYPES, RACES 221 

military. They are fighters in some line, with tongue, 
fist or pen. 

The military type has wide jaws ; that is, the face is 
wide at the ramus, or from side to side, as seen in the 
bull-dog, or lion. The neck is very heavy. Every man 
who is a fighter has a thick, muscular neck, a head set 
or held forwardly, with stiff neck muscles. When he is 
angry he shakes his head from side to side, as well as 
forwardly, which holds good with regard to fierce ani- 
mals. A man who has a long, slender neck, holding his 
head upwardly, is not much of a fighter. He is not born 
for the battle-field, nor for anything requiring a stout 
heart. When the head is large behind the ears, on a 
line with the top of the ears, or when the head is long 
from the opening of the ear to Firmness, at the crown, 
it is an indication of power. 



THE ACTIVE TYPE. 



The face in the active type is curved outwardly, but 
is not so wide as the face of the military, the athletic, 
or the primitive types. 

The nose in the active type is straight, long and 
pointed, the nose-tip running almost straight out from 
the plane of the face. The head is relatively small, the 
backhead weak, the body slender, but wiry; the upper 
frontal lobe is small, the lower frontal lobe large ; the 
head is held straight or downwardly ; the walk is quick 
and energetic, the lips small, the chin less developed, 
and the neck medium in size. The lower portion of the 
backhead, or the cerebellum, is proportionately large. 
The head is wide compared to its height. 

People of this type are muscular and energetic, good 
in inductive reasoning, excellent observers and de- 
scribes. They can talk facts, describe, point out, reason 
inductively, but are not deep and abstract in reasoning. 
Their talk consists of cold data and practical descrip- 
tion. They abound in adjectives, dislike bosses, yet 



222 HEADS, FACES 

cannot accomplish much when thrown upon their own 
resources. 

The mystical type and the active type have much in 
common, still if you measre the head of the two, study 




Out-curved face; long nose from the plane of the face to the 
tip; sloping forehead; retreating chin; broad face, the lower part 
of the backhead well developed; light body, but lean and wiry. 
Adapted for action, travelling salesmanship, traffic. 

the body, examine the tissues, observe the physiognomy, 
you will find that they are different. 

Measured by the tapeline, from the opening of one 
ear to that of the other ear, over the tophead, the 
mystical type may measure thirteen inches and a half ; 
and sixteen inches or more, measured from the root of 



TYPES, RACES 



223 



the nose, on a level with the corners of the eyes, over 
the tophead, to the lowest portion of the backhead, in 
under the occipital spine. If we measure the head of a 
man who is of the active type, we will find that his 
head measures from ear to ear over the tophead, fifteen 
inches or even more, and fifteen inches or less, from the 
root of the nose, over the tophead to the lowest portion 




Out -curved face. 



Active Type. 
Long nose. Large perceptives. 



of the backhead. This shows that the measurements of 
the two types are reversed. The active type is weak in 
those head sections in which the mystical type is strong, 
and the mystical type is weak in those brain regions in 
which the active type is strong. 

People of the active type are not strong in the emotive 
brain, but the cerebellum, muscular system, perceptives, 



224 



HEADS, FACES 



Destructiveness, Vitativeness are active. They often 
run to abuse. Their conscience being elastic, they walk 
over argument, testimony, proof, fact or truth, remem- 
bering only their own side of the question. They are 
object or eye students. The best way of convincing them 
is to show them objects and their qualities; let them see 
how a thing is made and they can make it. Show such 
children, on a blackboard, the anatomical relations of 
the body, or how letters are made, or how anything is 
'constructed, part by part, or how parts are related, and 




Front View of Active Type, Showing Wide Head. 

they can learn. They are excellent observers, hence 
they can learn what they see ; give them educated com- 
panions if you wish to educate them. They are not 
good in planning, complex reasoning, deep studies, 
philosophical and metaphysical research. They are 
bright, though limited in sphere of action, can copy, are 
analytical, inductive, more able in practical life than in 
design, philosophy, experimentation or diagnosing di. 
seases, but are not original. They are often exposers, 
critics, materialists, skeptics, cynics. 



TYPES, RACES 225 

They make good agents, salesmen, travelling sales- 
men, trade solicitors, sellers of stocks, useful in trans- 
portation, mining, restaurant service, traffic, travel, rail- 
roading, constituting the great serving class in an in- 
dependent capacity. They do not like bosses, nor dic- 
tation, yet succeed best by working under the super- 
vision of superior minds. After understanding a plan 
of action, they can take hold of a proposition and carry 
it out intelligently, without assistance. Being proud 
servants, they will quarrel with bosses, yet are useful, 
quick, active and energetic, able to oversee workmen in 
detail work and push traffic effectively, if instruction 
from headquarters be given. Constituting the great 
working force in a higher sense, they are successful in 
speed-work, correspondence, stenography, clerking, 
freight-work, transportation, telegraphy, agencies, de- 
livery work, sub-management, watching others, often 
climbing up by pulling others down. They know what 
is going on around a business, stand in with the proprie- 
tor by telling on their fellow-workmen. If they cannot 
stand in with him, they leave at once. They are rest- 
less, travel much, work a little here, there and every- 
where, are sensitive to praise, desirous of becoming rec- 
ognized and appreciated, Approbativeness and Destruct- 
iveness being strongly active in them. 

To handle them successfully, it is best to find their 
good qualities, commend, recommend and appreciate 
them. Treat them, and they will turn around and treat 
you liberally. Speak well of them, and they will go out 
and advertise you. Being great talkers, it pays to have 
their friendship, and on the other hand, they are dan- 
gerous as enemies. They may not do you very much 
good, but can do you a great deal of harm. It pays to 
be civil, kind and appreciative towards them, as they 
are sensitive, high-tempered, vain and reckless, often 
disregarding consequences. 



LESSON 18. 
THE COMMERCIAL TYPE. 

This could be called the vital type and is interesting 
in the sense that it is magnetic, sociable, good-natured 
and vivacious. 

This type has a short central part of the face, from 
the eyes to the lips, a low, rounded and convex central 




Commercial Type. 

Large face; oblique eyes; eyebrows lowered at the inner part; 
commercial nose; large under lip and almost full moon face; thick 
neck; large body; a broad head, the business brain being very 
strongly developed as seen by the strong development above and 
in front of the ears. This is the true commercial type; it is the 
trader. The commercial nose is often seen in the commercial 
type, but the nose may be upturned, or short also, in this type. 



TYPES, RACES 



227 




Commercial Type. 
Heavy neck; large face; sociable nature; strong development 
of the upper forehead, where Human Nature is located; large 
chin and cheeks; vital, fleshy, pointed ears, all indicating that 
she is well adapted to handle people, deal with people and make 
herself a success in a public and commercial sense. 

forehead, a full-moon face, pendant or full cheeks, large 
ear tips, a thick neck, a double chin, an upturned or 
short nose, short upper lip, the red part of the lip being- 
thick and red. The head is full in front of, and around, 
the ears, wide from ear to ear, low in the crown, long 
from the chin to the back portion of the backhead, circu- 
lar and low in proportion to its width. 



228 HEADS, FACES 

A man of this type weighs heavily in the scale, has a 
long body from the seat to the shoulders, a large and 
rounded chest, a convex abdomen. The arteries, lym- 
phatic glands, lungs, liver and vital organs at large, 
are vigorously active, hence his equatorial measure is 
the largest. He is a man of partnerships, a good trader 
and caterer. His face is short in proportion to its width, 
fleshy, convex and jovial. His chin, lips, nose, eyes, eye- 
brows, cheeks, body, arms and legs are built upon the 
principle of circularity. His cheeks are large from the 
mouth to the ears, with adipose tissue under the jaw, or 
a fleshy fullness called "economy," which may as well 
be called appetite, or sexuality, or good-naturedness, or 
laziness, indicating love of physical comfort, good as- 
similation, love of sleep, recreation, physical association, 
trading. A heavy lower ear-tip means the same thing. 
He has an animal appearance, active appetites, hence he 
loves food and drinks and convivial people around the 
dinner table. He cares but little for hard work, appli- 
cation, long, tedious studies, science and mathematics. 
He is a jovial salesman, a good planner, able to plan work 
for others, a "middle-man" or a go-between man, in- 
terested in the comforts of life, a good home, a liberal 
food supply, comfortable clothing, and a big bank ac- 
count. He is a good judge of food, drinks, goods that 
administer to the comfort of the body. He never forgets 
the needs of people and animals. He keeps a generous 
dinner-table, a good pasture for his animals. His wife, 
children, servants and friends have a good time. He 
plans recuperation, travelling trips, parties, picnics, 
fishing trips, the same as President Taft, who is an ex- 
ample of this type. 

Such a man is in danger of plethora, adiposis, fatty 
degeneration of the organs, weak bones, heart trouble, 
asthma, because of the development of adipose tissue. 
His system takes up water and fat too quickly, hence he 
grows heavy as he grows older. The tissues are porous, 
the circulatory tubes give out, as do the muscles and 
bones. He is not long-lived, because of the fat building 
and liquid secreting tendency in his system. 



TYPES, RACES 



229 



It is difficult for him to concentrate his mind. He 
lacks dignity, professional appearance, exaltation of 
mind, power of action. He lives in those faculties that 
are worldly. 

The best method of handling a man of the commercial 
type is to invite him to a picnic, party, to dinner, or on 
a hunting trip, give him something to eat and drink, or 
take him out riding. Make him comfortable first and 




Commercial Type. 
Study this face, here you see secrecy and cunning of a mercen- 
ary nature. Study this pose, face, head, lips, eyes. 

then talk business to him. He is mostly interested in 
ease, physical comfort, pleasure, food, drinks and a 
good time. Appeal to his appetites, for he never forgets 
that which administers to bodily comfort. If he goes 
to church, he falls asleep, however zealous the minister 
may be in his sermon and prayer ; his spirit may be will- 
ing, but his flesh is weak. 

He will not mistreat anyone, nor is he very sensitive, 
paying little attention to insults. He is "familiar and 




Mrs. R. M. English. 
Commercial Type. 
Large body; short, heavy neck; well developed chest; tapering- 
arms; heavy cheeks; large chin; sociable nose; deliberate and 
practical eyes; strong development in front of the ears; excellent 



TYPES, RACES 231 

vitality; firm poise; closed, square mouth, indicating mental con- 
trol. This lady is conservative, slow, steady and easy-going. 
She is, to some extent, of a phlegmatic temperament, and in- 
heres, therefore, many German characteristics, in temperament, 
constitution and mind. She is never in a rush. She is a com- 
bination of the artistic, the social, vital and commercial. This 
lady can make every move count. That face, head and pose indi- 
cate strong development of the faculty Secretiveness, which 
means nothing else than mental control, reserve, conservatism, 
ability to work and to wait. She is the opposite of impatient 
— patient. 

permits familiarity, jokes, talks and gets people inter- 
ested, sells goods for others, does business, makes friends 
wherever he goes, especially among the middle classes. 
He is successful in manfacturing, in the handling of 
food and drinks, brewing, hotel-keeping, restaurant busi- 
ness, salesmanship, insurance and business at large, 
especially if he can hire men to do the hard work, or 
associate himself with energetic salesmen and business 
people. He is a true salesman, can transact business, 
make big deals and get good returns. He likes short 
hours of work and plenty of time for eating, drinking 
and social pleasure. He makes friends quickly, gets 
new customers and retains the old ones. He has a roomy 
conscience, not overly honest, but sincere, good-natured 
and well meaning. His mind runs to transactions. He 
is a born salesman, promotor, negotiator, caterer, ex- 
changer and social business man. He is a business man, 
but a special kind of business man, qualified to sell 
goods, promote business, win customers, increase trade, 
introduce himself and his goods in a pleasing manner; 
hence he is welcome, because sociable, though it is physi- 
cal, commercial and business sociability. 



THE SOCIAL TYPE. 



The social type has a pointed head, sloping from the 
temples to the backhead. It is largest in the temples 
and tapers from the temples to the backhead, where it 
comes to a point at Parental Love, as in the feminine 



232 



HEADS, FACES 



head. It is the opposite of the military type. The 
strongest faculties in the social type are Constructive- 
ness, Mirthfulness, Parental Love, Benevolence; the 
weakest are Combativeness, Destructiveness, Acquisi- 
tiveness, Self-Esteem. The head is strongly pointed at 




Social Type. 
Here the forehead is broad, the tophead well developed, the 
head broadest at the forehead and tapering backwardly to Paren- 
tal Love, the nose is short and of a social type, the eyes are pleas- 
ing. This is a devotional attitude. This man is true to his 
friends, his country, to the people, to wife and children, to 
principle and to everybody. This man would never do any 
harm. He will do good wherever he appears. We will make a 
good husband, father, neighbor, citizen, Christian. He is pure 
minded, loyal and good. 

Parental Love, but comes to a point also at Benevolence 
and in the temples. 

The complexion in this type is mellow, the expression 
pleasing, lips red and full, eyes pleasing and magnetic, 
blue, or brown, or hazel, in color. 



TYPES, KACES 



233 



The tissues are tender and plastic, the bodily mem- 
bers bend easily. A man of this type has fine, tender, 
soft and porous quality. He is often lymphatic, looks 
healthy, but is not strong. He gives out easily in times 
of struggle, hardship and competition, does not like the 
inclemency of the weather. His skin is soft, tissues 
tender, nerves sensitive. If the surgeon has anything to 




The Social Type. 
Mental-vital temperament; wide forehead; large temples; 
adapted for music and entertainment. 



do with him, he will find that, in sewing up tissue that 
has been ruptured or cut, it will easily burst out again. 
The tissue in this type of people is sponge-like, oppo- 
site to the tissue in the nervo-fibrous, or muscular tem- 
perament. A man of the social type cannot withstand 
hard blows. His temperament is the vital-mental, with 
a lymphatic tendency, born of strong sympathies and 




v. 





TYPES, RACES 235 

Social Type. Pointed Head. 

Mr. Brennan of Chicago is an excellent illustration of the so- 
cial type. He has a pointed head, tapering from the forehead to the 
backhead, being widest in the forehead. The three views of him 
show how the head slopes from the forehead to the backhead. 
The forehead is the widest part of his head. Here we have the 
head of a peacemaker. Here we see a good-natured, genial, social 
face. Here we have the entertainer, mirthful speaker and doctor. 
That head and face means fellowship. 

love. When the love emotions are active, the tissues 
are more tender, hence they burst easily. A man of this 
type is not a fighter. He is more adapted to heal than 
to hurt. He is people-loving, tender, good, benevolent, 
well-meaning, pliable in manners, amiable and polite, 
always liked. He never makes enemies. He has pleas- 
ing manners, a mirthful nature, a convivial disposition. 
He loves the people for their own sake. He abounds 
in the Christian virtues, faith, love and charity. He is, 
however, not very daring. He is emotional, the tears 
being ever ready. He has a loving disposition, is willing 
to do for others, sacrifice himself in the interest of other 
people, being the opposite of selfish — generous. The 
wife of Napoleon Bonaparte must have been of this 
type, for Bonaparte once said: "I make nothing but 
enemies; Josephine makes nothing but friends." 

The hands in this type are soft, plastic, pliable, warm, 
magnetic, the finger-tips broad and soft. A man of 
this type has skillful finger motion, delicate sense of 
touch, through his fine, smooth, warm skin. He looks 
refined, appears well in society, where he really belongs, 
not in aristocratic society, but among the people. 

People of the social type are best adapted to entertain, 
associate with and minister to the people, teach, train, 
help, call out, wait on, assist, travel with, people, or 
keep them together. It is a people-type or a popular 
type. They are best adapted for massage, hair-dressing, 
barbering, bathing, ministering to others at health re- 
sorts, entertaining, slum-work, waiting on others as 
clerks, reception clerks, hosts and hostesses. They are 
skillful in watch repairing, nursing, church-work, so- 



236 • HEADS, FACES 

ciety work. They make excellent waitresses in restau- 
rants. They succeed on the operatic stage, in comic 
acting and other entertainments. They make the best 
kindergarten teachers that we have. They excel in the 
training of children. They often engage in doll-making, 
in the raising of small animals, bee, fish and bird cul- 
ture, poultry farming, fruit farming. They succeed in 
millinery, fashion-designing, fine tailoring. They make 
first class seminary teachers. They are skillful in 
stenography, printing, correction of manuscript. They 
make dutiful domestic servants. They often succeed in 
vocal and instrumental music, in medical and mission- 
ary work, in keeping clubs, orders and societies to- 
gether, in public speaking and oratory. They are handy 
around delicate machines, making, fixing, mending fine 
machines, or manufacturing that which requires a deli- 
cate touch. They have handy, skillful fingers, a delicate 
touch. Their head is large in the backhead, at the fore 
part of the tophead, in the temples and around the 
parietal eminence. They are liked and always welcomed 
by the people. The commercial type is a sociable type, 
but in a different capacity. The commercial type is 
never so pleasing, or successful around people, or in 
that kind of work that we have enumerated. The social 
type has a different head formation than the commer- 
cial. The social type is unselfish, generous, self-sacri- 
ficing. In this type, the talent is social, by reason of 
head formation, temperament, tissue, quality and char- 
acteristics. 



LESSON 19. 
THE BUSINESS TYPE. 

The business type has a somewhat square central face. 
The German, as a nation, is a good representative of the 
business type. The business type has good development 
of bone, muscle and flesh ; the temperaments are approxi- 
mately harmonious. The face is square, broad in pro- 
portion to its length from the mouth to the eyes. The 
business type is wide-faced, the tophead is somewhat 
low and square, the central part of the face runs to 
squareness and width. A man of this type weighs 
heavily in the scale, and has more bone, muscle, liga- 
ment and tendon than one who is of the commercial 
type. The chest is broad and heavy, but runs to square- 
ness and depth, from front to back, in a man of this type. 
He is broad-shouldered, has a wide mouth, full lips, a 
heavy neck, large ears, a head well developed in the 
sides, behind, above and in front of the ears, a full back- 
head, a well-sized intellect, firm and strong tissue. He 
is somewhat harmonious, but runs to squareness, fleshi- 
ness and embonpoint. He is intuitive, but it is property 
intuition, giving him excellent money-making judgment, 
even genius. He weighs from one hundred and eighty 
pounds up to three hundred and twenty-five. 

People of this type are interested in business at large, 
banking, railroading, water-works, municipal engineer- 
ing, business enterprise, business superintendence. They 
are often captains of industry, business and trusts. 

Brigham Young, the Mormon prophet, who was worth 
five million dollars when he died, was of this type. Rev. 
Dowie, of Zion City, 111., was of this type; these men 
were successful in church organizing and church in- 
dustries. Philip Armour of Chicago, the packing-house 
man, was of this type ; Pierpont Morgan, Germans, as 

237 



238 



HEADS, FACES 




Business Type. 
Broad square central face; strong nose; broad mouth; fleshy 
cheeks; harmonious temperament; wide head above and in front 
of the ears; large intellect; a practical, calculating eye; a large 
chin; a firm, courageous and enterprising pose. A genuine busi- 
ness man. This man will succeed where ninety-nine out of every 
hundred, who think they are business men, will fail. This man 
has practical, commercial, business judgment. He knows what 
anything is worth when he looks at it; he knows what it will sell 
for and what it should be purchased for. He knows what kind of 
goods to buy for a certain neighborhood in order to make money. 



TYPES, RACES 239 

a rule, and nearly all successful manufacturers, indus- 
trialists, organizers, men of trusts, great economists and 
business men, are of this type. They are business men, 
who know more about property and money-making than 
they know about human nature, soul, culture, literature 
and art. They should associate themselves with the 
commercial, social, executive and speculative types, and 
when they do, they take the business world by storm. 

The faculties of a man of this type run to harmony. 
He takes a broad view of things, but is, mainly speak- 
ing, physical, interested in money, goods, property, pro- 
duction and consumption, exchange, business, organiz- 
ing, promotion, work and results. He is worldly and 
practical, but is not a financier to such an extent as he 
is a producer, exchanger and manufacturer. A man like 
President Taft is not a true business type, nor a true 
speculative type, but more of a commercial, adapted for 
promotion, negotiation, arbitration. 

People of the business type are good managers, super- 
intendents, overseers, manufacturers, business men. 
Business, industry and exchange is what they are in- 
terested in. Conservative, yet daring, they move for- 
ward with slow but sure steps, paying close attention to 
production and consumption, exchange and manufac- 
ture. Their large Acquisitiveness makes them the best 
buyers that we have, giving them an instinctive sense 
of the value of goods. They have a comprehensive mind, 
good physique, excellent vitality and practical judg- 
ment. They have a large body, a broad nose, a heavy 
neck, firm tissue and a big bank account. They are 
wide-headed, or well developed in the business section 
of the brain. They believe in work, results ! They work 
early and late, harder than the commercial type, or than 
the social. Nearly all kinds of people of every variety, 
kindred, nation, tongue and race serve people of the 
business, speculative, philosophical or executive types, 
but the business type is the most successful. People of 
the speculative type may be wealthy today and poor to- 
morrow. This holds good in regard to the philosophical 
type. People of the speculative or philosophical types 



240 



HEADS, FACES 




Business Type. 

Here the temperaments are almost harmonious, giving a large 
body, a heavy neck, a well developed lower face, a large central 
face, tending to squareness, a relatively low and broad tophead, 
a large development above and in front of the ears, in the region 
of Acquisitiveness, a harmonious nose, large lips, a heavy, square 
chin, large chest, a wide mouth, broad shoulders and a practical 
intellect. Adapted for business, buying, managing, business build- 
ing. 



TYPES, RACES 



241 



are plungers, but people of the' business type are not. 
They are practical, conservative, successful. Their busi- 
ness structure goes up by slow and sure steps. They 
are mostly interested in results, practicality, business, 
industry, utility, work and useful goods. They are 
skeptical as well as practical when it is a question of 




242 



HEADS, FACES 



money, property, and investment, hence do not believe 
everything that is said. 

To sell goods to them, you mnst have something of a 
practical nature to show. You should appeal to utility, 
physical comfort, industry, low prices and explain the 
qualities, merit and usefulness of your goods. Your 
goods must have real merit. They know when they see 
anything, whether it has value and whether it can be 
bought and sold at profit. They know value in a three- 




A long-square face, in the 
phlegmatic temperament, heavy 
jaws, a double chin, a large 
jaw at the ramus, (angle of 
the under jaw) a high specula- 



tive form of tophead, a wide 
face and head, a sharp, specula- 
tive eye. Such a head and face 
means success in business. 



fold sense: inherent value, purchasing value, selling 
value. They know whether anything can be sold or not, 
where it can be sold and where it can be bought most 
cheaply. They are users, exchangers, value perceivers, 
principally moved by the faculty Acquisitiveness, which 
is the strongest faculty that they have. They do not 
like to see anything go to waste. They can use men, 
things, property and goods, to the greatest possible ad- 
vantage. They can turn ashes into gold and all things 
to practical value. 

If you call on them, never stay very long, as time is 
money to them ; hence be brief, precise, pointed, come to 



TYPES, RACES 243 

quick conclusions, show them the utility of your goods, 
point out the selling qualities. Your proposition must 
be practical and money-bringing, otherwise they will 
put you down as an impractical man, in which case you 
cannot do business with them. 

If you are a representative of a factory, a wholesaler, 
promoter or advertiser, people of the business type will 
make your best customers. They constitute the greatest 
portion of our merchants, manufacturers and industrial- 
ists. They are interested in big things, useful occupa- 
tions, practical goods. 

People of this type should become buyers, manu- 
facturers, merchants, users of goods, property, money 
and people. People of a commercial type should be- 
come promoters, sellers, negotiaters, organizers, arbi- 
trators, planners, middle-men. 

People of the business type are worldly plodders, on a 
big scale. They love gain. They are utility people, users 
and exchangers. The Jew partakes of this type; the 
practical German is an excellent example of it. A man 
of this type succeeds in business when ninety-five per 
cent of other people fail, Why? Because he is adapted 
for independent business, buying, traffic, taking care of 
goods, selling at a profit. His type means financial gain. 



THE SPECULATIVE TYPE. 

The head of the speculative type is always high or 
dome-shaped, at the fore part of the tophead. John D. 
Rockefeller shows the true speculative type. Herbert 
Spencer had this type of head, who was speculative in a 
different capacity. Rockefeller is financially specula- 
tive, Spencer was scientifically speculative. The face 
of the speculator is long, tapering to a point, at the 
chin; or the lower face is triangular. The upper face, 
or tophead is either triangular, or somewhat dome- 
shaped at the fore part of the tophead, the tophead al- 
ways being high, often roof-shaped. The nose in this 
type is long, sharp, bony ; the upper lip long and some- 



244 



HEADS, FACES 




Speculative Type. 
No phrenologist would deny that this man is a genius. This 
man should not work for himself. He should be hired by the 
government, speculate, financier, originate new industries, and 
look after broad, financial affairs. He is a financial eagle, able 
to see and catch the yellow eagles, at great distances. He is 
long-sighted. Here the face is long from the mouth to the eyes, 
long- square in the center, triangular towards the chin, with a 
dome-shaped, and high tophead. He is a good man, moved 



TYPES, RACES 



245 



by high principles, but he is selfish, and we may say loveless. 
Where love predominates, there is no financial genius. Love and 
genius do not go hand in hand. If we get the one, we do not get 
the other. Emotions, love and appetite never produce great 
financial genius. 

what drawn; the chin long, but narrow, shaped like a 
triangle, or comparatively pointed. The greatest pecul- 
iarity of this type is the squareness and width of the 
head at the ears, as well as the height of the head, mak- 




Speculative Type. 
Here the tophead is high and dome -shaped, at the anterior por- 
tion of the tophead. Constructiveness is large, as seen at figure 
1. Acquisitiveness is well developed as seen in front of figure 9. 
The tophead is high and large at Veneration, Spirituality and 
Benevolence. Adapted for planning, business building and finan- 
ciering. 

ing the central head square, the upper head or outline, 
somewhat triangular or dome-shaped, and the lower face 
triangular, from the ears to the chin, giving us a square- 
triangular outline of the face, with a long facial out- 



246- HEADS, FACES 

line, sharp features and deep furrows in the face. The 
lips are usually drawn in this type. The eyebrows are 
low and straight, the eyes somewhat closed, often trian- 
gular, far-seeing and speculative. The cheeks are 
sunken, abdomen small, chest square and medium in 




Speculative Type. 
Speculative tendencies in commercial and political lines. High 
dome-shaped tophead; studious eyes; strong nose; long central 
face; lower face triangular; the head is wide, especially at De- 
structiveness, Secretiveness, Constructiveness and Acquisitive- 
ness. Adapted for speculation in commercial lines. In danger 
of indigestion. 

size. The sexual function is weak, the backhead me- 
dium, often small, the head full around the ears, on 
top of the head and in the intellect. The temperament 
is usually the mental-osseous. The neck is medium in 
size, limbs and extremities long, thin and bony, ex- 
pression earnest. The tophead is either dome-shaped, or 



TYPES, RACES 247 

roof-shaped, but always high. The largest sections of 
the head are, around the ears, the frontal lobe and the 
fore part of the tophead. This gives will, reason and 
speculation, which are characteristics mostly active in 
this type. The skin is dark, tissues firm, often stiff, the 
complexion usually dark, the quality strong. 

People of this type are always more or less specula- 
tive in some line, either religious, financial, mechanical 
or educational. They are the greatest speculators that 
we have ; the greatest brain workers, as well as physical 
workers. They succeed mainly in speculation, finance, 
management, organizing, law, politics, speculative work 
of some kind, economics, engineering, money-exchange, 
in the speculative fields of military science, experi- 
mental physiology, politics, electricity, experimental 
something. They are men of trusts, stocks, schemes, or- 
ganizing. They often engage in manufacturing, lum- 
bering, contracting. They are very selfish — money- 
sharks catching the "yellow eagles." They can keep 
that which they make. They study law and know what 
can be done legally, and what cannot be done. They 
are the greatest capitalists that we have, the greatest 
financiers. They are progressive, having an eagle vision 
and an eagle mind. A man of the business type is always 
successful, but a man of the speculative type undertakes 
more, risks more, and is therefore not always a success. 
He may succeed today and fail tomorrow, because he 
is a plunger and does things on a large scale. If he suc- 
ceeds, he makes great success; if he fails, the crash is 
tremendous. Often, one-third of the great finances, in- 
dustries, business, commerce, traffic, production and con- 
sumption of the country, nationally and internationally, 
may depend on him. He engineers the machinery of 
business and finance, supplies the steam that runs it, 
oils the machinery, orders the panic, stops it, and knows 
the law that regulates the whole. How great he is de- 
pends upon the size of his head, his intellect, quality of 
organization, temperament, the arrangement of his 
faculties and his experience, but great he is in some di- 
rection. He makes himself felt. He is a man of momen- 



248 HEADS, FACES 

turn, the same as a driving wheel in a power-house. A 
long face means power, a wide face means protection, a 
head that is high from the ears up, having a dome- 
shaped tophead, with a large intellect, is a head of 
power, speculation, domination, will, insight ! 

Because of the shape of the head in this type, the 
faculties of affection, nutrition, vitality, magnetism, are 
less represented ; hence the vital system is weak and our 
great man is subject to disturbances of the vital system. 
His financial machinery may not run short of steam and 
oil, but his brain digs his grave, robs his stomach and 
impoverishes his blood. Hence, he suffers from nervous 
dyspepsia, liver trouble, indigestion, congestion of the 
brain, sleeplessness, melancholy, often insanity. He 
uses his brain at the expense of his tomach, drives ahead 
like a madman, often landing in the insane asylum, or 
in a premature grave. 

People of this type, however, are very wiry, able to 
do more work than other people. They are wonderful 
workers, always finding something to do. They lie 
awake at night, plan and scheme. Their heads are full 
of new, inventive, progressive, original and selfish ideas, 
selfish because of their weaker social and vital brain 
sections. 



LESSON 20. 

THE EXECUTIVE TYPE. 

There are many different people that are executive, 
one in one line, and another in another, as for instance, 
the military, speculative, philosophical, muscular, legis- 
lative ; but the executive type is more important in a 




Executive Type. 
Vase-shaped face, very large cheek bones, strong face, medium 
forehead, broad head, large body, small head in proportion to the 
body. Here is strength, sleeping power, daring and courage in 
times of emergency. 

general sense. People of the executive type can take 
hold of almost any line of work, in an executive capac- 
ity, and make success of the same. They are clumsy, 
yet able, being clumsy when it is a question of art, 

249 



250 HEADS, FACES 

music, speech, song, technics, mechanics or handiwork 
of any kind. They cannot whittle a stick straight, yet 
can sway nations, run the biggest manufacturing plants, 
mining or agricultural industries, railroad traffic, muni- 
cipalities, politics, police work, states, cities, or anything 
else. They are wise when it is a question of leadership, 
management, big work ; but foolish, awkward, unhandy, 
when it is a question of repairing a watch, typewriter, 
thrashing machine, locomotive, violin or anything else. 
People of the executive type are born leaders, whether 
they lead or follow. They can say what should be done 
and how to do it, but cannot do it themselves. One 
peculiar characteristic of them is their elephantine 
strength. They are like elephants in body and contour 
of face, to some degree — stiff, slow, awkward, but 
strong. The shape of their face and head resembles to 
a modified degree the face and head of the elephant. 
They have enormous cheek-bones, a large face in gen- 
eral, a relatively small forehead, in proportion to their 
size, but the executive region of the brain is powerfully 
developed, the temperament is osseous-vital, the body 
large, the upper forehead full. The face is shaped al- 
most like the figure "8," or vase-shaped, described else- 
where in this book. 

They are strong, stiff, slow, awkward, yet practical, 
can talk more effectively with their fists and actions than 
with words. They have heavy chins and high cheek- 
bones, are peculiar in the sense of having a heavy, stiff 
body, with seemingly weak development of Bibative- 
ness and Alimentiveness. They are bony, slow and ox- 
like in movement, hence do not learn quickly at school, 
but learn best from practical life and by their own ex- 
perience, reasoning and practical judgment. When 
anything is to be done that no one else can do, they 
come to the front and do it. They learn slowly, yet 
make a good use of that which they do learn. They are 
men of resources, men for big movements. They do 
not get angry very often, but when angry are invincible, 
because of their tremendous strength. Charles the 
Twelfth of Sweden, was of this type. The circulation is 



TYPES, RACES 251 

the weakest part in their organization. They are sub- 
ject to apoplexy, congestion of the spinal cord, or of 
the brain, varicose veins, rheumatism, gout. In fact, any 
sickness that comes to them, comes through imperfect 
circulation. Their blood gets thick and ropy, hence 
does not flow as it should, resulting in clogging of the 
system. They suffer from heat, or from anything that 
effects the motion and quality of the blood, such as 
gases, ferments, odors, heat, moisture, excessive mo- 
tion, train motion, malaria, electrical disturbances, at- 
mospheric moisture, foods and stimulants that have a 
thickening effect upon the blood. They suffer from con- 
gestion of the liver, heart, brain, spinal cord, sexual sys- 
tem, hardening of the arterial walls, tumors and inward 
growths. 

The one thing that they, or their health advisers, 
should remember, is to guard against those agents that 
have a thickening influence upon the blood, leading to 
congestion, centralization of heat, interference with 
blood action, and the quality of the blood. 

Diseases peculiar to temperaments will be taken up in 
another volume and treated from temperamental, cere- 
bral, functional, hygienic, climatic and dietetic stand- 
points. When we understand temperaments, head and 
face formation, tissue construction, quality and the ef- 
fect of external and internal agents on each tempera- 
ment, we have a deep insight into the causes of health, 
diseases and the most rational treatment. 

People of this type are best adpted for superintend- 
ence of work and industries. They make excellent 
mayors, police superintendents, sergeants, managers, 
mine owners, architects, civil engineers, military con- 
structors, economists, agriculturists, politicians, gener- 
als, hotel-keepers, organizers, horse-breeders, warriors, 
constructors, always in a leading, managing, supervis- 
ing, instructing, controlling, commanding and practical 
capacity. They are not tool-users, nor artists, nor musi- 
cians except in the sense of beating a base-drum. They 
are men of judgment, practicality, leadership, big move- 
ments. They are know-how men. 



LESSON 21. 
THE NATURE TYPE. 

This is a type of its own, different from all others. 
No type of people has very much in common with this 
type. It stands by itself. 

The greatest peculiarity of this type, is that the head 
is shaped like a boat, turned upside down. (See Boat- 
Shaped Head). The head is narrow and mostly de- 
veloped in the center of the head, from the root of the 
nose up, over the head, to the occiput. The head is very 
heavy in the base, large at the lower part of the neck, 
where the cerebellum is located, large in front of the 
ears, but positively wanting in the upper sidehead, in 
the sub-coronal region, at the crown, in the temples and 
at the external angles of the lower forehead, where the 
faculties of statistics, mathematics, history, art, order, 
system and method are located. People of this type are 
large, fleshy and heavy. They weigh heavily in the 
scale, have strong appetites, a vigorous sexuality, a 
strong constitution, excellent health, large chests, well 
developed throats. They are vital dynamos. 

The vital and motive systems are strongly repre- 
sented, giving them vital magnetism, warm blood in 
abundance. They have loose texture, a broad chin, a 
large lower lip, a chest that measures from forty-two 
to forty-seven inches. Their forehead is large, mostly 
developed in the center, at Comparison, Human Nature, 
and Benevolence. The forehead is curved, or slopes to- 
wards the temples. Their hair is often auburn, their 
skin sanguine. They have a peculiar form of head, very 
long from front to back, long from the root of the nose 
over the tophead^ to the nape of the neck, large in cir- 
cumference, narrow in diameter from ear to ear, short 
in measurement from the opening of one ear, over the 

252 



TYPES, RACES 253 

tophead, to the opening of the other ear. The head of 
a man of this type may measure twenty-four inches in 
circumference ; thirteen inches and a half from the 
opening of one ear, over the tophead, to the opening of 
the other ear ; seventeen and one-half inches from the 
root of the nose to the nape of the neck; six inches in 
diameter from ear to ear, and nine inches in length from 
the forehead to the backhead. This shows what a pecul- 
iar head-shape he has. His head is heavy in the base, 
large in circumference, very low, and narrow, too long 
from front to back, and high in the fore part of the fore- 
head. This is what gives him a boat-shaped form of 
head. This same man may weigh two hundred and 
twenty-five pounds, measure around the abdomen forty- 
five inches, and around the chest, forty-six inches. The 
largest brain centres are usually the cerebellum, Ama- 
tiveness, Comparison, Language, Veneration, Benevo- 
lence, Spirituality, Parental Love, Inhabitiveness, Vita- 
tiveness, Bibativeness, Alimentiveness. The neck meas- 
ures about eighteen inches. He has tapering fingers and 
arms, a rounded body, circular arms, large hips, a 
feminine body. He is a combination of emotionality 
and animality. He has strong physical appetites, a 
vigorous constitution, is full of oratory and physical 
magnetism. 

The head of this type of people is almost wanting in 
the sub-coronal region, on a line with the hat-rim, in the 
temples, in the sidehead and in the posterior portion of 
the crown. It is almost deficient at Acquisitiveness, 
Secretiveness, Cautiousness, Sublimity, Ideality, De- 
structiveness, in the crown, in the temples, and at the 
external parts of the lower forehead. 

People, as a rule, do not understand men of this type. 
They are wise, but disorderly, with peculiar habits. They 
laugh at other people and other people laugh at them. 
They are able, but peculiar. They ignore society, con- 
ventionality, rule and order, and yet, are good people, 
wise and philosophical, with wonderful intuitive in- 
sight into people, animals and vegetable life, yet usually 
have their belongings in a heap, hence cannot find 



254 HEADS, FACES 

things. They may be learned, yet their knowledge is 
in a chaotic state ; philosophical, still cannot systematize 
anything. They lack system, pay but little attention to 
dress, appearance, rule, society and conventionality. 
They may make money, but spend it. They are liberal- 
minded and generous to a fault. If you ask them for 
help, they will give you their last nickel, even if hungry 
themselves. They are good-natured and impulsive. If 
left alone, they are like saints; if bothered or insulted, 
they run into a rage, for they are carried away by their 
impulses. They have a good side, as well as a bad. They 
prefer to imitate nature and live close to nature, know- 
ing what is good for the body and soul, but ignore dress, 
culture and external appearances. They love nature 
and everything that grows, are emotional, often poetize 
about nature, trees, flowers, natural phenomena, love, 
philosophy, immortality ; have excellent power of ex- 
pression, because of their emotionality, vitality, warm 
blood, large backheads, strong anterior topheads, large 
Human Nature and Comparison. As a rule, they can 
express themselves better with the tongue than with 
the pen ; in fact, they run to oratory, being among the 
greatest orators that we have. The principal qualities 
needed in an orator are emotionality, vitality, warm 
blood, impulse, a large chest, a well developed throat, 
power of expression and a high anterior tophead, all of 
which this type has. 

People of this type succeed best in metaphysics, vital 
healing, oratory, poetry, floriculture, fruit farming, 
bird culture, stock, fish or horse breeding, farming, 
founding institutions unlike any other, veterinary sur- 
gery, doctoring in a certain line, but do not make use 
of ordinary medical methods. They become naturo- 
paths, hydropaths or dietists, or they doctor by means 
of sanitary agents, magnetism, water, air, or by means 
of massage, the laying on of hands, or mind-cure, etc. 
They are unlike others and make use of different meth- 
ods, are original and peculiar ; great, but different from 
others, have wonderful insight into sacred things; are 



TYPES, RACES 255 

often lovers of Buddhistic philosophy, Orientalism, 
mountain life, seclusion, poetry. 

They are hard to educate, cannot remember nor pro- 
nounce correctly. They usually have a struggle with 
themselves and with the world, are strong, weak men 
and may be likened to genius in the cradle. They love 
to travel, to live close to nature, around waters, in the 
mountains. If they speculate, they do so only to lose. 
They have the anterior tophead of the speculator, but 
lack financial judgment and business sense. They must 
work hard for everything, are often depreciated and 
underpaid. They are greater than the people know and 
greater than they themselves know. They always lack 
power of concentration, self-confidence, sense of sys- 
tem, and money. If they are successful at one time, they 
are failures at another. 

Walt Whitman is an example of this type. 



256 



HEADS, FACES 




Prof. Ned Walker. 

Heavy shoulders; large base of brain; tall, strong; heavy body; 
large cheek bones; large, broad, flat nose, indicating sociability 
and wonderful intuitive perception. Large central face and cheek 
bones, with heavy shoulders, indicating power of constitution, 
vitality, impulse, energy, ability in phrenology, metaphysics, ora- 
tory. 



LESSON 22. 
THE MYSTIC TYPE. 

The most peculiar development of this type, is the 
large backhead, high anterior tophead, long tophead, 
sloping crown, convex face, pointed nose, small side- 
head, strong development around the parietal eminence, 
fine quality and plastic tissue. It is the mystical type, 
inclined for religion, mysticism, hypnotism, magi, creeds, 
metaphysics, pedagogy, ethnology, ethnography, des- 
tiny-reading, prophecy, palmistry, astrology, newism, 
revelation, the founding of churches, creeds, archeologi- 
cal researches of a religious nature. 

People of this type are highly intuitive. When the 
backhead is full and the anterior tophead large, the 
man is highly intuitive. He feels that he is living in 
another world, in contact with unseen forces, saints, 
angels and divine powers. The Hindoo is of this type, 
to a great extent. Joseph Smith, the founder of the 
Mormon church, is a true example of this type. 

People of this type do not have a large body ; they are 
medium in size, not very muscular, the mental tempera- 
ment being strongest. They are adapted for work of an 
intuitive, mystical, spiritual and theatrical nature, are 
interested in adventure and in that which is not seen. 
They have rather full lips; are not interested in prop- 
erty, money-making and exchange, although wide- 
headed or strong at Destructiveness. They are very in- 
tense, ambitious, sensitive, paying attention to little 
things and taking everything to heart. The faculties 
in the backhead, in the anterior tophead, also Destruct- 
iveness and Approbativeness, work together with the 
perceptives. This makes them fond of development, 
ethical culture, social ethics, destiny, electricity, life, 
being, that which is small and unknown, that which 

25? 



258 



HEADS, FACES 



operates without being seen, such as electricity, mind, 
the principle of growth, psychic forces, bacteria, etc. 
They are interested in laboratory studies, cell life, or in 
studies or agents that affect life, health, disease, mind, 




Mystical Type. 

Long nose, from the plane of the face to the tip; eyes looking 
upwardly; elevated central eyebrows; full lips; soft tissues; 
small bones; large perceptives; a strongly developed anterior 
tophead; small neck. Interested in mediumship, a success in 
electricity. 

thought, growth, soul, development, function. This type 
often becomes doctors, ministers of the gospel, religious 
reformers, metaphysicians and creed makers. Life, 
mind and soul or conditions that affect life, mind, soul, 



TYPES, RACES 



259 



health are the best lines of work for them. They are 
good people, but emotional, never highly scientific; 
skillful because of their perceptive intellect, capable of 
becoming good dentists, eye and ear doctors, men of 
detail, though often visionary and speculative in mysti- 
cal lines. Their mystical mind often takes them in the 




Mystical Type. 
High anterior tophead. Notice how the head slopes from the 
anterior tophead backwardly. Highly intuitive. The anterior 
upper tophead is the intuitive, metaphysical, speculative, in- 
ventive, creative, introspective and altruistic part of the brain. 

direction of mediumship, psychometry, hypnotism, 
prophecy, magnetism. They feel the presence of demons, 
devils, spirits, God, unseen forces, thought-waves ; they 
sense the condition of animals, the nature of plants, are 
interested in the secrets of the universe, delving into 
that which is psychical, occult, unknown, visionary and 
speculative. Pull of impractical theories, which often 



260 HEADS, FACES 

lead to important results, this type of people, neverthe- 
less, lead the world of progress towards that which is 
new; new creeds and doctrines, new religions, new in- 
ventions, new sciences, new music, new arts, new archi- 
tecture, new dresses, new fashions, new inventions, new 
plans, new studies, customs, manners, uniforms, people, 
a new heaven, a new earth and new everything. Mysti- 
dissatisfied with the past and the present, live in the 
clouds and in the future. This makes them optimistic 
and expectant, credulous and visionary, asserting that 




Mystical Type. 
Open eye; elevated central eyebrows; large backhead; large 
anterior tophead; out-curved face; long neck; sloping crown. 

all is mind, that thoughts are things. They devote them- 
selves to the salvation of man, immortality, heaven and 
future happiness, interpreting God's will to others in 
order to prepare for eternity. They originate new fash- 
ions, dresses, manners, believe in possibilities, in the 
probable and the improbable. 

You may know them by their slender bodies, full back- 
heads, large anterior topheads, strong perceptives, wide 
head at the ears, weak crown, small head in front of 
the ears, negative noses, long nose-tip, elevated eye- 



TYPES, RACES 261 

brows and mystical appearance. They look dreamy, 
visionary, meditative ; hold their heads high when they 
walk, look towards the clouds, hence do not notice con- 
ditions around them. If you tell them a sensational 
story, or something new and novel, they are interested 
at once, show wonder in their eyes, hold their heads 
forward, mouths open, — listen very eagerly. 

The Chinese have a strong development of the crown, 
or from the central tophead to the central backhead, 
along the mesial line of the head, called the crown. This 
is an opposite brain form to that of the mystical type. 
The Chinaman is stationary; the mystical type is pro- 
gressive ; the Chinaman lives in the past, the man of the 
mystical type lives in the future. 

People of this type, are as a rule, weak in the central 
portion of the forehead, where the memory faculties are 
located; hence are not good in memorization. To read 
and forget is one of their characteristics. The latest 
news, newspaper journalism, novels, spiritualistic sean- 
ces, inventions, fashions and progress fascinate them. 
The stage often appeals to them, as does music and 
experimentalism. If you have something new, of an 
experimental nature, promising mining stock, new 
courses of development, a new discovery, invention or 
something extraordinary, even impossible, you can 
arouse them. 

If people of this type have a firm and well developed 
osseous system, they are more practical and scientific, 
especially in a speculative, experimental and inventive 
sense. To experiment and learn by experimental and 
inductive methods, is peculiar to them. A vein of mysti- 
cism, invention and experimentalism underlies every- 
thing that they do, whether it be in medicine, ministry, 
palmistry, phrenology, literature, science, art, technics, 
designing, fashion designing or anything else. Being 
emotional, it is better to talk to their "heart" than to 
their reason. It is easy for them to believe that which 
they do not see, providing it is weird, strange, peculiar, 
mystical and unknown. You can appeal to their social, 
intuitive and perceptive nature. Anything sentimental, 



262 HEADS, FACES 

tragic, extraordinary, unusual, unknown, experimental, 
inventive, progressive, visionary, spiritual and emo- 
tional, appeals to those people. Talk about life, mind, 
soul, function, invention and progress and they will 
listen to you. Tell them about discoveries, travels, new 
developments and they are soon interested. They take 
special interest in magnetism, hypnotism, metaphysics, 
fashion, psychometry, spirits, revelations. New things 
attract their attention. To believe and trust extraordi- 
nary things, is a characteristic peculiar to them. Arouse 
their mystical faculties and you can sell goods to them 
if you have the right kind of goods. Talk spirit com- 
munication, new doctrines, new religions, new discover- 
ies, or of that which relates to liberalism, salvation and 
human happiness and they will listen. It is a high type, 
emotional, poetic, musical and mystical, but often be- 
guiled because of credulity. It is better to be fooled 
occasionally, however, and trust people, future, prog- 
ress, religion, than to be a materialist. 



LESSON 23. 
THE COMBINATION TYPE. 

This type has an elongated head, long from the front 
to the back, oval in form, largest at the parietal emi- 
nence, tapering symmetrically towards the forehead, and 
sloping gracefully towards the backhead. It is the 
natural form of head and face. The face is shaped like 
an egg, largest at the cheek bones and curving grace- 
fully upwardly and downwardly, the face being longest 
below the cheek bones. The oval face is long, but even 
in curvature. There is no irregularity of form of head, 
face, figure. The oval form of head, face and figure 
approaches perfection in outline. The temperament in 
this type, is usually the mental and muscular. 

When this temperament is well knit in tissue, elastic 
and fine in quality, wiry and highly developed in nerve 
and brain, it is called the nervo-fibrous, which means 
intensity of mind, density of muscle, active nerve action, 
keen nerves and strong feelings. When a lady has the 
nervo-fibrous temperament, she is often subject to neu- 
rasthenia, nervousness, anemia and disturbances of the 
generative system, because of the intensity of nerve 
and brain. She is like a taut string of a violin — responds 
quickly to external and internal influences, burns up her 
nerve vitality on the altar of feeling, temper and im- 
pulse, which holds good regarding men of the same 
temperamental constitution, though in a modified de- 
gree, for men are out in the open air, engaged in work 
different from that of women. 

In the nervo-fibrous variety of this type, there is a 
tendency to over-production of heat, because of an over- 
active cerebellum. Such people are subject to skin fever, 
liver fever, disturbances of the bowel region. Having 
strong feelings and impulses, they often become hysteri- 

263 



264 



HEADS, FACES 




Combination Type. 
Oval face, oval head, almost oval eyes; tall, slender, wiry; 
harmonious face; long face from the chin to the tophead; rather 
long central face. The muscular temperament in the lead. Active; 
handy; adaptable; versatile; impressive; quick, responsive. Qual- 
ity tense; tissues wiry. 



cal, caused by intense nerve action and powerful cere- 
bellar impulse, leading to an over-heated brain and 
liver, giving rise to biliousness, liver heat, brain heat, 



TYPES, RACES 265 

nerve heat, sexual heat, blood heat. This results in 
eccentricities, changeable habits and states of mind. 
When this type is very tense, the nerves are strained, 
they run to extremes and are like the chameleon — 
changeable. The presence of muscular ferment in the 
blood, boiling blood, liver heat, nerve excitement, ex- 
cessive brain heat, sex impulse and disturbances of the 
sexual system, are likely to produce hysterics. Take 
Veneration, Inhabitiveness, Secretiveness, Self-Esteem 




tdu^a.^Po* 



Combination Type of the Nervo-Fibrous Variety. 
Large temples; high tophead; weak development in front of 
the ears; sunken cheeks; long sharp nose; long pointed chin; 
long face; small neck; weak constitution; low vitality; subject 
to liver trouble, gloom, hyperesthesia. Intensity of emotion, now 
highly elated, then correspondingly depressed. His emotions 
would wander, as it were, between heaven and hell. A sickly 
mind, starved nerves, a sluggish liver. 

and Friendship out of such a lady, or lessen the calm- 
ing, controlling faculties and she is nothing but heat 
and lava. She is wild, senseless, high-tempered, like a 
hurricane. At one time she is calm, like a placid lake, 
at another time she is like the sun of Andalusia. One 
day, she is pleasing and easy-going, the next day she 
could tear down the house. She is balanced because of 
her type, but because of her temperament, intensity of 



266 HEADS, FACES 

nerve action, ferment and internal heat, she is subject 
to changes. She is in a rush, impatient, restless, She 
needs fresh air and exercise, cold baths and a cooling 
diet, to throw off the heat in the blood, liver, brain and 
nerves. 

People of the combination type often must battle 
against over-heated blood, muscular ferment, heat in 
the liver, nerves, brain and sexual system, a weaker 
venous circulation and mucous membranes. In fact, the 
entire vaso-motor system, the right heart, the veins, 
capillaries, spleen, liver, venous plexuses or those parts 
having to do with the secretion and the return of the 
blood to the heart, are relatively weaker, or disturbed, 
because of the strength of the cerebellum, the intensity 
of the nerves and over-production of heat in the sys- 
tem. They are built upon the principle of intensity, like 
steel springs, high-strung, particular and uneasy. 

Ferments in the blood will effect the generative sys- 
tem, the sex-faculty, the cerebellum, the nerve force 
that travels from the cerebellum to the muscles, the 
plexuses of the urinary and sexual systems ; hence people 
of this temperament are not so prolific. But lessen the 
ferment and the heat, increase the alkalinity of the 
blood, develop the affections, cultivate control of mind 
and nerves ; give them a cooling diet, fresh air and long 
walks, cooling baths, soothing massage and loving com- 
panionship and they become prolific, or regain their 
sexual strength. This is what they need more than 
medicine. This will cure their anemia, hysteria, ner- 
vousness, neurasthenia. This and much more should be 
known in regard to their temperamental diathesis, a sub- 
ject which will be taken up more fully in the next vol- 
ume of our text book. 

A man of the combination type is balanced in tem- 
perament, though the muscular constitution predomi- 
nates, making him tall and relatively slender, neither 
bony nor fleshy. The vital system is well represented, 
as is the mental. In fact, the temperaments are bal- 
anced, though the mental and the muscular systems are 
in the lead. He is more graceful, less clumsy and awk- 



TYPES, RACES 267 

ward in movement than other people. He runs to ver- 
satility, takes a broad view of things, is many-sided, 
handy, capable to fill many different positions. He could 
take up a hundred and one different occupations and 
succeed fairly well in each. An amateur phrenologist 
can never misplace this type in the trades, because of 
its versatility. Long-faced people are always able ; 
short-faced people are emotional, affectonate, loving, 
intuitive ; wide-faced people are selfish ; oval-faced peo- 
ple run to harmony and versatility. 

The chin is developed downwardly in this type, the 
lips are full but not voluptuous, the under lip is some- 
what drawn but large, the upper lip is long. The cheeks 
are plump, the nose long and curved at the wings and. 
dips downwardly at the septum. It is the Grecian type 
of nose. The nose is even, neither optimistic nor pessi- 
mistic, nor intuitive. In the pessimist, the nose-tip al- 
most meets the lower lip. In the optimist, the nose runs; 
towards the clouds. Gloom turns the corners of the 
mouth downwardly; faith turns the corners of the 
mouth upwardly. In the combination type, the corners 
of the mouth neither turn up nor down, the eyes are 
full, the forehead even, the head high from the opening 
of the ear up, evenly developed in the sides, though 
there is a tendency to convexity in the sides of the head. 
There is a sufficient blood supply producing a fine com- 
plexion. The hue of the skin is neither too red, as in 
vital people, nor too gray as in mental people, nor too 
white, or lime-like, as in bony people, nor red and in- 
flamed, as in drunkards, nor dark, pale and muddy as 
in the ligamentous and gelatinous constitution. The 
skin in the combination type is soft, wiry, strong, it is 
neither dark nor light, neither is the hair, nor is any one 
of the temperaments strongly pronounced. This type 
produces harmonious, graceful, almost beautiful people. 
The Greeks had this temperament, type, build and fea- 
tures, to a great extent, but not the true complexion of 
this type. 

A man of the combination type is tall and relatively 
slender. His shoulders are medium, his chest is large 



268 HEADS, FACES 

in the center, his back, at the waistline, is incurved. In 
the social type, the back is straight as a plank, giving 
them a broad and flat back with heavy hips, a large 
abdomen, rounded and heavy chest, fullness in the 
outer portion of the chest, around the axillary borders. 
But a man of the combination type has long arms, legs, 
neck and face, graceful shoulders, incurved back, me- 
dium hips, a medium-sized abdomen, slender feet, thin 
wiry hands, slender and elastic fingers, dense, elastic 
tissue, a graceful bearing and a pleasing countenance, 
neither gloomy nor gay. He is well proportioned, well 
cushioned with flesh, not fat, but real, muscular tissue, 
though tall and slender. He is never fat, never bony, 
nor pale in complexion. People of the commercial type 
have a circular head and therefore, strong physical appe- 
tites; hence they absorb plasma, water, liquid, fat and 
oils. They become fat, watery, lympathic; but people 
of the combination type do not become lymphatic, 
phlegmatic or choleric ; in them, it is real muscular tis- 
sue, real flesh. 

People of this type can usually sleep and eat well, but 
keep late hours and sleep in the morning. Sometimes 
they get cold towards morning, but in the evening, are 
always warm. They are mostly active in the evening 
and warm at all times, if healthy, having warm hands, 
even in cold weather. If sickly, they change from hot 
to cold ; hands may be burning when the feet are cold, 
or the head may be hot when the body is cold. In the 
evening, when retiring, they are warm, perhaps over- 
heated, hence throw off the covering, or put their feet 
out from under the blanket, for the purpose of cooling 
off. Falling asleep, the circulation is more slow, genera- 
tion of heat by the cerebellum is decreased; towards 
morning, they become chilly, catch cold, suffer from 
pain over the eyes, in the backhead, small of the back, 
in the epigastric region and knees, indicating disturb- 
ances of the circulatory system. Because their mucous 
membranes are weak, the blood overheated and the 
vaso-motor and portal system has too much waste to 
throw off, in the form of biliary products, ferments, 



TYPES, RACES 269 

heat and decomposition products, they become sick, ex- 
pectorate frothy substances, tasting bitter, salty and 
putrid, experience a burning, scratching sensation, a 
ball rising in the throat (globus hystericus), making 
them uncomfortable, fretful, irritable, impatient, hysteri- 
cal, even mentally affected at times, perhaps leading to 
chronic disease. Let them be careful in regard to diet, 
so as not to eat anything containing impurity, uric acid, 
biliary acids, ferments ; for it will effect their mucous 
membranes, blood, habits, brain and sexual system. 
They are subject to fevers, sexual trouble, hysteria, 
anemia, liver disease. 

People of the combination type can adapt themselves 
to environments, work, climate, habits and diet, when 
they are well. They are adjustable and adaptable, can 
succeed in the artist's studio, with the sculptor's chisel, 
the painter's brush, or the writer's pen. Their slender, 
graceful fingers can travel over the keyboard of a piano 
with easy rapidity. Being versatile, we may find them 
in the legislative chamber, at the head of an army, or 
studying cell-life in the laboratory. At one time they 
are manufacturers, at another time we find them in 
railroad offices, clerking, or on the road running passen- 
ger trains. Now they are stenographers, then clerks, 
again physical workers. They are skillful, graceful, 
accomplished, not perhaps equal in genius to the long- 
square, scientific and philosophical types, yet able and 
many-sided. If they fail in one line, another line of work 
gives them success. 

They are strong, never weak, not aggressive, but 
ready. Should you want them to do their best, oppose, 
defy, satirize them. To do their best, they must be 
aroused by force, circumstances or competition. They 
are dependent because of taking a broad view of things, 
by reason of harmony of brain and temperament. They 
are elastic, like rubber, in mind, muscle, nerve and 
manners, their muscular development, large cerebellum, 
even heads, finely constructed fingers, delicate sense of 
touch making them Jacks-of-all trades, trying a little 
here and a little there. A variety of books is found in 



270 HEADS, FACES 

their libraries, because of their many-sided views and 
inclinations. They can sing, play, speak, write, paint 
and do work in perhaps a hundred different directions, 
thus having many irons in the fire. Their intensity and 
hot blood give them their peculiarities, their ups and 
downs. Now they are highly elated, then correspond- 
ingly depressed. Let them sit still a few hours and 
soon the muscles ache, the blood is hot, the liver over- 
heated, the nerves restless and the brain-cells uneasy, 
when it is essential for them to move about and do some- 
thing else. At times, they take medicine, drink liquors, 
and are a little wild for a day or two, not because of 
evil tendencies, but because of over-heated blood, 
nerves, brain and liver, as well as because of ferments 
in the system. 

It is easy to appeal to or deal with them. They are 
open for any subject, if not forced. You can easily in- 
terest them and hold their interest, if you so wish, by 
treating them with respect and consideration. You can 
talk to them on almost any subject. 



LESSON 24. 

THE EDUCATIONAL TYPE. 

A man of the educational type has a very large in- 
tellect, a prominent forehead, evenly developed, Web- 
sterian in size. His forehead is usually straight, well 
developed upwardly and sidewardly, largest in front of 
the Fissure of Sylvius, which divides the frontal lobe 
from the temporal. The intellectual faculties are strong, 
the mathematical brain, at the external angles of the 
lower forehead, is large ; the central part of the fore- 
head, both the vertical and horizontal, is prominent. 
The forehead is even and large in proportion to the 
other brain lobes. The temperament is the mental, or 
mental-osseous, sometimes the mental-muscular. The 
quality of organization is fine, the skin grey-white and 
fine, the eyes are very intelligent, the features are re- 
fined. He has a professional appearance, looks like an 
educator, has good control of his faculties, manners, 
bodily members, walk, speech, actions and movements. 
He is under the control of reason, knowledge and com- 
mon-sense, well behaved, talks with a clear, open accent, 
is never in a rush, never wordy ; but plain-spoken, direct 
and to the point. The intellect is the most striking part 
of his brain. His backhead and sidehead is weaker, his 
temples are well rounded out, as is the upper forehead 
and the tophead. Being a literary type, he naturally 
takes to the professional, literary, educational. He suc- 
ceeds best as a teacher, professor, writer, journalist, 
printer, compositor, author, publisher, book-seller, dealer 
in second-handed books, map-maker, historian, phre- 
nologist, debater, manager in some printing department, 
teacher of expression, elocution, or as a librarian, al- 
ways gravitating towards intellectual work. He takes 
to books, learning, knowledge, instruction, by reason 

271 



272 



HEADS, FACES 



of his ample intellect. He is a man of books ; lives for 
books, loves his library and associates more with books 
than with people. He likes languages, compilation, the 
correction of manuscript, proof-reading, translation. 




Educational Type. 

Notice, where the Fissure of Sylvius is situated, as indicated by 
the arrow. The Fissure of Sylvius divides the frontal lobe from 
the temporal. When the forehead is wide from side to side, it 
shows a strong development of the intellectual brain in this 
direction. When the head is high from the root of the nose to 
the top of the forehead, it shows that there is a great deal of 
brain substance in that direction. People of the educational type 
have a very large intellect, fine quality of organization, a think- 
ing mind, studious tendencies. They belong in universities. Study 
this face, eye, nose, lips, chin and everything else. He is a man 
for books, learning, schools and universities. 

His head is large in proportion to his body, hence he is 
often slender, lean, bony, though his bones are never 
large. He is finely chiseled, but deep thought-lines are 
seen in the forehead, around the eyes and face, small 



TYPES, RACES 



273 



lines also appearing in his temples. Sometimes the fore- 
head is wide and full in the temples, giving us the true 
literary type, a type of bookworms, devoted to books 




Educational Type. 
Large frontal lobe; studious appearance; earnest; adapted for 
public work of an educational nature. Must take care of his 
vitality. Should study phrenology and learn how to eat, drink 
and develop himself, according to his work, temperament and 
brain development. 

early and late, almost night and day, being almost im- 
possible to get this type of people away from their books 
long enough to eat. They read after they retire, until 



274 



HEADS, FACES 



the brain is worn out and the brain cells simply fall 
asleep from sheer exhaustion. 

The educational man is a man for books, the same as 
the social man is of the people and for the people, and 
as the business man is a man for money, property, valu- 
ables, gain, business and results. The educational type 
succeeds best in educational lines. Make a business man 
out of him and he fails. Let him become a musician and 




Educational Type. 

Mental-osseous temperament. Large intellect: strong pose; 
long central face; strong nose; well developed central forehead; 
well developed head in the will section. This man is a combina- 
tion of the scientific, literary and mechanical. 

he fails. Take him away from his books and he is a 
failure ■ let him stay with his books and he is a success, 
providing, of course, he works for someone who can 
make good use of his knowledge and literary products. 
Often he has peculiar views regarding marriage, love, 
religion and the social fabric of the world. People listen 
to his lectures, read his books and wonder, not under- 
standing how he can entertain such views. He enter- 



TYPES, KACES 275 

tains such views because he lives purely in the intellect 
and starves his social brain, until he does not have a 
spoonful of brain in the backhead. He may be learned, 
prominent, educated, polite, pleasing, but he does not 
always make a good, loving husband, nor a companion- 
able associate, except in a literary sense. He cares less 
for love than for books, hence, his love letters are short. 
A woman may admire him when she sees him on the 
platform, hears his lectures, reads his learned products ; 
but if she marries him, she is often disappointed, sues 
for divorce, or lives a loveless life. 

Learned people should not forget the social part of 
their nature, nor that they have a body, vital organs and 
a vital brain, necessitating their attention. They should 
not live in the intellect too much, for if they do, the 
stomach will suffer, the vital brain will become weak, 
the emotions will not be cultivated; hence with all their 
learning, they will become cynics, social cranks, dyspep- 
tics. They are among the best people that we have — 
steady, moral, good, learned, controlled, well regulated, 
conservative, but often lack affection, vitality and 
money. 



LESSON 25. 
THE ARTISTIC TYPE. 

This type has a pyriform face, large head and small 
body. It gives us the smallest people that we have, 
their body tapering from the shoulders down. The 
head is preeminently developed in the temples, the face 
tapering towards the chin. One peculiarity of people of 
this type, is that the eyes are situated almost in the 
central part of the face, making the face disproportion- 
ate, too large in the temples and too small in its lower 
section. The hands are small in this type, the fingers 
delicate in construction, hands narrow and thin, skin 
gray or pale-gray, or pale white, complexion pale or 
gray, nose, medium in size, nose-tip long, ears thin and 
small, but large in the upper part, quite the opposite of 
people of the commercial type, who have a large lower 
ear-tip. The brain of the artistic type is massive in the 
sub-coronal region, on a line with the hat rim, which of 
course, makes their face pear-shaped, considering the 
weakness of the brain in its base, resulting in a small 
body and narrow face in its lower section. 

A man of the commercial type having a head that 
measures perhaps twenty-four inches in circumference, 
weighs about 200 to 250 pounds ; a man of the scientific 
type having a twenty-four inch head, weighs perhaps 
one hundred and seventy-five pounds, his body being 
mainly bone and muscle ; a man of the combination 
type, with a twenty-four inch head, weighs about one 
hundred and fifty-five pounds ; but a man of the artistic 
type, having a twenty-four inch head, weighs only one 
hundred and twenty. The tallest people that we have 
are those of the combination, the philosophical and 
scientific types ; the heaviest are those of the commercial 
type ; the lightest and shortest are those of the artistic. 

276 



TYPES, RACES 



277 




Artistic Type. 
Pear shaped face; very large temples; sub-coronal region in 
the lead; elevated eyebrows; open eyes; small mouth; sloping 
chin; small lower face. Notice how the ears slope inwardly, how 
small the neck, how refined the features. This face means delicacy 
of constitution, heart trouble, nervous indigestion. The brain is 
too heavy for the body. Such a neck, lower face and small, slender 



278 



HEADS, FACES 



body, which lie must have, would not be able to supply vital 
steam for that large and massive brain. His brain will dig his 
grave. Children of this type are precocious, hard to raise, fine in 
quality. This world is too coarse for them. They die and go to 
the higher realms, where they really belong. 

The most prolific people are motive-vital; the least 
prolific are those of the mental temperament. People 
of the artistic type have the mental temperament in the 
lead ; they lack sexual power, vitality, and vital magnet- 
ism. Their large brain digs their graves, because they 
use it at the expense of the stomach ; hence it results in 
indigestion, heart disease, spinal disturbances, brain 




'"//lti\\\V 

Back View of the Artistic Type. 

trouble and hemorrhages. If they marry people of their 
own type, the family will soon degenerate. They should 
marry blood, bone, vitality, muscle, magnetism, and 
flesh ; the very thing they need, in order to perpetuate 
their race. 

A woman of the artistic type is particular in her 
association, select in taste, exclusive in nature. She 
picks her companions, friends, books and everything 



TYPES, RACES 279 

else, because of her exclusiveness of nature. Her strong- 
est brain functions are, Ideality, Spirituality, Causality, 
Constructiveness, Sublimity, Cautiousness, Approbative- 
ness, Conjugality, Parental Love; hence her head is 
largest in the temples, in which the head of the scientific 
type of people, is positively weak, producing opposite 




Artistic Type. 
Mental-vital temperament; elevated upper eyelids, elevated 
eyebrows; large nose-tip; sociable mouth; very large temples; 
an inventive mind, because of the large upper forehead and tern 
pies. Hopeful, trustful, romantic, full of feeling, imaginative, 
aspiring. An impractical idealist and musician. 

taste, tendencies, thoughts, habits, modes of living. The 
commercial type is the opposite of the artistic in the 
vital section of the brain. The artistic type of people 
lacks vitality and motive power. 

The artistic type learns quickly and forgets quickly; 
the scientific type of people learns slowly but retains 
and applies. The artistic type of student appears 



280 HEADS, FACES 

brightest and takes the school honors, but accomplishes 
less in the world of realization, application, practice and 
results. The scientific type is the direct opposite in this 
lespect. 

People of the artistic type are sensitive, impressive, 
susceptible, exclusive, tasteful, restless, progressive, in- 
ventive, quick, light in build. Their fingers are taste- 
ful, light and artistic ; hence, they are adapted for light 
w ork, construction, art, music, light experimental work, 
the building of light machines, ornamental work, de- 
sign, stenography, penmanship, technics requiring 
light and artistic finger motion, engraving, watch- 
making, watch-repairing, making and repairing light 
machines, clerical work of an artistic nature, bookkeep- 
ing, library work. Such a person is a light, easy, sed- 
entary brain-worker, adapted for light construction. 
A man of the scientific or executive type, is adapted for 
heavy work, because he is built upon the principle of 
the driving-wheel, in a power house; a lady of the 
artistic type is adapted for light work, because she is 
constructed on the principle of a watch-spring. She is 
interested in appearances, beauty, polish, grace, style 
and fashion. Everything is for appearance, therefore 
she does not have a solid, practical, scientific mind, yet 
is particular, tasteful, idealistic and artistic. She is 
pleased by polished manners, beauty of environment, 
grace of movement, style of dress, fashion, culture, 
progress, Parisian trips, etc. 

We can appeal to her vanity, love of dress and fash- 
ion. She wants Shakespeare in her library, because 
Shakespeare is popular. She dresses in the latest Pa- 
risian style, because it is popular. She is high-toned, 
wants an automobile, servants to wait upon her. She 
attends fashionable functions, belongs to a high-toned 
church, because society ladies are found there. She 
wants a high-toned husband, not so much because she 
loves him, or because he is great in character, but 
because he dresses and appears well, causing others to 
notice and admire him. 

People of the artistic type keep late hours, spend 



TYPES, RACES 281 

their money for fine dresses, luxury articles that they 
cannot, perhaps, afford. Being extravagant, they need 
a wealthy husband or wealthy parents. They spend 
as they go, love art, artistic productions, fashionable 
men and women, fine carriages, elegant homes, theater 
parties and occasional trips to Paris. 

When you deal with them, appeal to appearance, 
pride, style. Give them good hygienic advice ; tell them 
how to eat, drink and live so that they may gain in 
health and vitality, which they need and which they 
abuse every hour of the day. They talk and think 
their lives away, are too intense, nervous, sensitive, even 
hypersensitive, greatly in need of tongue vacations. 
They are sentimental, interested in that which is ex- 
traordinary, wonderful, but regardless of that which is 
common or ordinary. Appeal to their taste, pride, love 
of appearance, luxury and abundance and soon they are 
interested, even enthusiastic. 

As criminals, they are dangerous, high-toned crimi- 
nals, able to appear well, refined, and innocent, conse- 
quently able to keep out of the clutches of law and jus- 
tice for a long time ; but if caught, they suffer in soul 
and nerve, because of aspiration, pride, ambition and 
dislike for defamation. 

Sometimes they drink, smoke, use opium, drugs and 
narcotics, because of a starved brain and restless nerves, 
which need nerve strength, brain vitality and richer 
blood, often sought in tonics, strong drinks, narcotics, 
They are not long-lived, nor profitable for insurance 
companies. 

They are best for the world of fashion, design, inven- 
tion, idealism, high-toned society, music, art and light 
artistic construction. Generally speaking, they are po- 
lite, exclusive, good, particular, select and high-minded. 



LESSON 26. 
THE SCIENTIFIC TYPE. 

The scientific type is distinguished by the length and 
rectilinearity of the face, the angularity of face and 
head, by a high head from the opening of the ear to the 
crown, in the region of Firmness. This type has a long 
face from the mouth to the eyes, a long line from the 
chin to the crown. The head is flat in the sides, the face 
is square, but long, weak in front of the ears, the tophead 
is roof-shaped, perceptives large, the intellect promi- 
nent. The head is weak in the temples, or the sub- 
coronal region of the brain. The brain section from the 
ears up to Firmness (power region) is the largest in this 
type, Firmness being the apex of the tophead. 

This is a scientific type, bony, long-faced, with Com- 
bativeness, Conscientiousness, Firmness in the lead. 
Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Jackson, Emerson, Joseph 
Cannon, nearly all scientists, engineers and heavy work- 
ers, come under this type. It is a rock type, interested 
in heavy work, iron, steel, stonework, geology, mineral- 
ogy, physics, material science, heavy reconstructive 
politics, religion, reform. All truly scientific doctors 
have this type of face, with a softer, more delicate, ten- 
der, vital and feminine body, a high crown, a large an- 
terior tophead and a prominent intellect. Such a man 
succeeds in medicine where others fail. Here we find 
great diagnostic insight, intuition and science combined. 

The scientific type borders on genius in science, con- 
structive politics, engineering, aggressive warfare. Peo- 
ple of this type, with a masculine body, go into heavy 
lines of work, study, science and industry, such as me- 
chanical engineering, stationary engineering, geology, 
stone construction, civil engineering, architecture, mili- 
tary engineering, hydraulic, chemical, mining, nranici- 

282 



TYPES, RACES 



283 




Scientific Type. 

This could just as well be called the "fact type," because this 
is really what it means. They are practical and have common 
sense. They are strong, iron-like and care for nothing but facts 
and proofs. 

In this picture we see the head formation of this type, as well 
as the face, its outlines, angularity and bony construction. The 
head is high from the opening of the ear to the crown. It slopes 
from the crown forward and from the crown backward. The per- 
ceptive faculties are large, the nose Roman, the under maxillary 
angular, the chin square, the eyes square, the eyebrows straight 
and the ear assumes the aggressive form, or it is developed back- 
wardly in its central portion. People of this type go into some 
kind of engineering, science, construction, statesmanship. They 
are fact gatherers. They are men of facts. This man is adapted 
for politics. 

pal and archeological engineering, bridge engineering, 
scientific research, great reform, reconstructive law, 
scientific statesmanship, practical management, great 



284 



. HEADS, FACES 



constructive enterprises, phrenology, criminology, heavy 
teaching, law, statesmanship. 

They are builders, engineers of some kind, scientific 
in the full conception of that term, and the ones who 
battle with theology, law, reform in some direction — 
reconstruction. 




\ 
\ 

Front View of the Scientific Type. 

This same type of face and head, with a feminine 
body, short and heavy, with the waist-line low, goes 
into constructive medicine, fine surgery, dental science, 
brain science, phrenology, microscopy, laboratory work, 
chemistry, chemical engineering, metaphysics of a sci- 



TYPES, RACES 285 

entific nature, science dealing with human life, health, 
disease, insanity, crime, sin, physical functioning, recon- 
structive education and religion. 

People of the scientific type have a roof-shaped head, 
partly because the head is high in the mesial line, and 
partly because the sub-coronal region of the head is 
weak, causing the head to recede from the mesial line, 
towards the ears and temples. 

A man of this type has a long, bony nose, a heavy un- 
der jaw, often protruding beyond the upper, indicating 
strong Combativeness and Firmness, an iron will, which 
makes him stubborn, unyielding, deliberate and deter- 
mined. That part of the under jaw called the ramus, is 
long; the under jaw runs to a sharp angle under the 
ears, a very different jaw formation from that of the 
athletic type. The scientific type is an ox type, so to 
speak; the athletic is a cat type in jaw construction. 
The scientific type is the most masculine type that we 
have. A short face and mouth indicate femininity; a 
long face and mouth masculinity. 

Face, head and body construction, from the stand- 
points of feminine and masculine types, should be stud- 
ied carefully, when it is a question of matrimony, com- 
panionship, business, the hiring of help, partnership, the 
raising of -children, the reconstruction of municipal, na- 
tional or criminal conditions. Now, the people often 
marry only to raise criminals, feeble offspring, degen- 
erates ; their marriages, now and then, instead of being 
4 'made in heaven" are insults to God, law, race and 
progress. 

So with salesmanship : a certain type can sell goods 
more easily to that type which harmonizes with his own. 
Some types clash, when they meet — like cat and dog. 
The right type has a developmental influence on its af- 
finity type, leading to greater success in association and 
partnership, more money, better health and greater soul 
development. 

The scientific type has pronounced characteristics. 
The more resisted a man of this type is, the more 
strongly he will resist. He is full of opposition, argu- 



288 HEADS, FACES 

ment, powder ; arouse him and you arouse a lion. He is 
loaded, but does not explode ; he fights to win. He is a 
human rock, unyielding as the Medes, moved by one 
motive — conquest. He must win. The more difficult 
a situation is, the harder he works and plans. He has 
"iron" in his blood. He is great in reasoning, science, 
research ; learns slowly, but applies a lesson learned, 
never forgetting what he has once learned, though an 
impression on him is made slowly, for he is like marble. 

In dealing with him, use reason. You cannot appeal 
to his heart, sentiments, taste, sense of beauty or ap- 
pearances. You must talk to his will, intellect, reason. 
If you have anything to say, it is best to say it wisely. 
As a friend, he is an eternal friend ; by all means, avoid 
him as an enemy. He is true, honorable, a lover of 
principle, interested in facts, rules, authority, reality, 
authenticity. He has strong Combativeness, hence he 
knows no fear. If you are a rascal, he will tell you so 
in plain words and make you hear it. He has good 
common sense. You cannot convince him at once ; call 
upon him again and again, lastly you will win, if you 
are a man of honor, if you represent goods of merit, if 
you are moved by principle. 

If he lacks the higher faculties, he will give the po- 
lice force and detectives something to do. He can be- 
come the most relentless murderer and wholesale des- 
perado that can be found, for he is a man of might, 
physical and mental. 

When the head is high from the opening of the ear 
to Firmness, the bones heavy, the face long and rec- 
tilinear, the head roof-shaped, the texture hard, the in- 
tellect ample and the temperament is osseous-mental, 
we deal with a man of power, whether in crime, states- 
manship, science, love or war. 



LESSON 27. 
THE PHILOSOPHICAL TYPE. 

When we speak of types, we do not speak of temper- 
aments, nor of feminine or masculine build. A tem- 
perament runs to many types. 

The philosophical type has an incurved face, the up- 
per forehead, and the lower part of the face and chin, 
projecting forward, so that the nose, chin and fore- 
head are almost on a line with each other, being the 
opposite of the outcurved face, or of the athletic 
type. The incurved face is philosophical. It is well to 
remember that there are two varieties of the philosoph- 
ical type, one with a short feminine body and a wide 
head, being emotional; the other characterized by a 
large head, long face, a tall masculine body. 

The philosophical type has the mental-osseous tem- 
perament. This type runs to philosophy, metaphysics, 
legislation, and high professional' life. It has small 
and fine bones, a large and square head, a slender body, 
a tall figure. It lacks muscular and vital development, 
the same as the artistic type. The head is too large in 
proportion to the body, measuring from twenty-two to 
twenty-seven inches, while the bodily weight runs from 
one hundred and fifteen to one hundred and sixty 
pounds, the height of the body from five feet nine 
inches to six feet four inches. A man of this type has 
long, slender arms and legs, a high waist-line, a mas- 
culine build, square shoulders, a small thin chest. His 
abdomen and hips are small and the legs and feet are 
long and thin. 

The head formation is peculiar, considering the shape 
of the face. The brain is built upon a high pattern, large 
in circumference, high in the sub-coronal region, square 
and wide on top. His head is high, yet the spiritual 

287 



288 



HEADS, FACES 




The Philosophical Type. 
Deductive nose; projecting upper forehead; large parietal region 
of the head, around Cautiousness; a large intellect; a thoughtful 
eye; a prominent chin; full lips; long and incurved face; small 
neck. Adapted for philosophy and education. People of this type 
have as a rule, a slender body. They are subject to neurasthenia. 
They are slow, steady, secretive, or seemingly so. They are in 
reality exclusive, aristocratic, high-minded. This is the reason 
that they do not tell anything about themselves to others, 



TYPES, RACES 289 

faculties are not strong, with the exception of Spirit- 
uality and Conscientiousness. Hope, Veneration and 
Benevolence are usually weak. The parietal region, 
where the hat strikes the head, is massive, being the 
region of rulership, ambition, politics, law, philosophy. 
We often find men of this type in politics. They suc- 
ceed as politicians, rulers, planners, philosophers, edu- 
cators, founders^ of schools and educational institutions. 
They are important and rare, the latest evolutionary 
production of nature. They cannot endure physical 
work, one week's hard work would perhaps kill them. 
Being brain workers, all the vitality, blood and energy 
support their large and thinking brains. Able, dreamy, 
impractical, they often dream their lives away, without 
accomplishing much, notwithstanding their massive 
brains. They want to do things on a large scale, but 
care little for business, scientific or literary detail, nor 
for ordinary occupations. They pay but little atten- 
tion to small things; the nickel is too small for them; 
they are interested in the million, for the purpose of 
fame. They are either very poor, or wealthy; but 
wealthy or poor, they live high, by using other people. 
Their personality, appearance, bearing, manners, face, 
confer influence with other people. They have plaus- 
ible plans, often bankrupting others. They are broad- 
minded, liberal, visionary, but often impractical. They 
mean well, but often fail because they see through 
magnifying glasses, everything appearing big to them. 
They wish to help and elevate others, but their enter- 
prises are frequently visionary, though seemingly plaus- 
ible. When they fail, there is a crash and hundreds of 
others go down with them, thus being the cause of bank- 
ruptcy, as well as enterprising success. They are dar- 
ing in planning, but" not in war or physical combat, 
being too proud, important, magnanimous to fight. 
They have wings to their souls, like soaring eagles. In 
the finest hotels, the most magnificent palaces, we find 
them, even if they do not have a dollar to their name. 
They dress in silk hats, in elegant clothes, when they 
are not able to pay. They look and act like aristo- 



290 HEADS, FACES 

crats, hence people trust them, and invest with them in 
the boldest enterprises, to win or lose with them. They 
have an important appearance, an aristocratic personal- 
ity, a magnanimous soul and magnetic manners, yet 
are often failures, though as failures, they keep up ap- 
pearances. 

Their skin is usually white, thin, smooth and delicate, 
the complexion is dark, the eyes and hair black. They 
may also be light complected. The brain, bones, gray 
substance of the brain, the phosphate of lime, give 
them a pale-gray or pale-white complexion, a distin- 
guishing physical characteristic in this type. 

They are not long-lived for they are subject to brain 
trouble, neurasthenia, heart disease caused by weak 
vital faculties, a poor circulation and a too large brain. 

A man of this type has a large and slow-acting brain. 
He is never in a rush, hardly ever angry. He is pa- 
tient, resigned, willing to let everyone have his own 
way. He never interferes with the plans of others, 
yet has a will of his own, which he uses in a magnani- 
mous manner. He hardly ever serves anyone ; he is 
a born ruler, an aristocrat. He is not proud because 
of money, dress or some prominent relative who has 
taken an upward step ; he is an aristocrat by nature, 
never depending upon others, nor upon dress, money, 
titles. He feels great because he has the faculties of 
greatness in the lead. He is honest, though people may 
think him dishonest, because he cannot always meet 
his bills. This is, however, because he does not have 
the money If he had the money, he would pay every 
cent and more, because of his liberal mind and mag- 
nanimous disposition. He believes in abundance, su- 
perabundance. 

The leading faculties in him are Causality, Spiritual- 
ity, Sublimity, Self-esteem, Conscientiousness, Cau- 
tiousness, Secretiveness, Ideality, Combativeness, Ap- 
probativeness. The social brain is strong, the head is 
somewhat square, broad and large in the sub-coronal 
region, massive in the upper region of the forehead. 
Some faculties are almost wanting, such as Acquisitive- 



TYPES, RACES 291 

ness, Bibativeness, Tune, Time, Eventuality, Compari- 
son, Hope, Veneration, the muscle centre or cerebellum. 
The medulla is weak, hence a poor circulation, a weak 
heart, delicacy of constitution. He can easily overdo. 

The best way to handle people of this type is to 
leave them alone. They must choose, act, speak, think, 
study for themselves. They are non-conformists, when 
it is a question of the past, law, religion, literature, med- 
icine, conventionality. They are original, skeptical, yet 
can be fooled, because they believe in possibilities, big 
plans and schemes. Looking through magnifying 
glasses, they have an elastic imagination, seeing big re- 
sults in plausible plans. They will listen to big plans, 
invest in high-sounding enterprises, wonderful ad- 
vertisements, schemes, conjectures of a promising nat- 
ure, by means of which it seems possible to broaden 
out in influence, name and reputation. Then they 
will invest , if possible. If they invest and do not 
have the money, you may never get your money. The 
best thing to do is not to give them credit — they are too 
often impractical. They are good disciples of the doc- 
trine : "Whatever you wish to be, you are ; whatever you 
want to do, you can do." 

If a man of this type comes to you with some wonder- 
ful plan, do not invest, before investigating; you may 
lose your money. 

A man of this type should be associated with a prac- 
tical business man, as a planner, in order to do his best, 
as he is wanting in the side-brain, or business brain. He 
is apt to fly too high as his wings grow too long at times. 
They should be clipped. The practical business man 
can clip them with his shears of business practicality. 



RACES 



LESSON 28. 
RACES OF MANKIND. 

The races of mankind have been differently divided 
by various anthropological investigators, according to 
predominating race characteristics, such as color of 
skin, structure and arrangement of hair, height and 
size of body, cephalic measures, habits, languages, etc., 
each division having its importance, yet incomplete in 
itself, because of insufficient data. 

The ancients divided mankind into three divisions: 
the Semitic, the Hamitic and the Japhetic, being more 
of a biblical division. 

Pickering arranged mankind into eleven races; Yin- 
cent into fifteen; the Desmoulins division gave us six- 
teen races of man ; Blumenbach gave us five, viz. : the 
Caucasian, Mongolian, Ethiopian, American Indian and 
Malay. These are founded upon the color of the skin, 
which is unscientific, throwing, for instance, the Swed- 
ish people, of Aryan origin, and the Arabs, of Semitic 
origin, into one and the same race, namely, the Cauca- 
sian. 

Color of skin is not sufficent racial data for a true, 
scientific division of mankind. 

292 



TYPES, RACES 293 

Prof. Cuvier, a man of prominence, especially in ana- 
tomical fields, divided mankind into three races — the 
white, yellow and black, or the Caucasian, Mongolian 
and Negro, which division is also founded on the color 
of the skin. 

Prof. Huxley, a more recent ethnologist, divided the 
races into five varieties, namely: — 

First, the Australiod, having a chocolate-brown skin, 
a broad nose, sensual lips, black eyes, wavy black hair, 
a projecting jaw and narrow (dolichocephalic) head, 
ridgy brows ; best represented by the natives of Austra- 
lia, the Coolies of China and the Egyptians. 

Second, the Negroid, having a narrow or dolicho- 
cephalic head, black eyes, woolly hair, broad nose, black 
skin, best represented by the Bushman, African Negro, 
Hottentot. 

Third, the Mongoloid, whose complexion is yellow- 
brown, eyes black, hair straight, eyes oblique, head 
broad. The Polynesians and Lapps are representatives 
of this division. 

Fourth, the Xanthochroic. This race has blue or 
gray eyes, straw-colored or chestnut hair, heads vari- 
ously shaped, colorless skin, tall stature ; being the 
people of Northern. Europe and eastwardly as far as 
Hindostan. 

Fifth, the Melanchroic race, or dark-whites, having a 
brownish or olive complexion, smaller bodies than those 
of the Xanthochroic race, black hair and eyes. The 
Celts, Spaniards, Greeks and Arabs belong to this race. 

Professor Huxley's division is very good, yet not 
complete. In fact, we have no really complete division 
of the races of mankind ; for in dividing mankind, such 
racial data as quality of organization, temperament, 
type, face construction, head shape, size of body, fac- 
ulty development, brain size and weight, color of skin, 
habits, mental characteristics, pathological diathesis, 
tissue construction, hair, government, religion, lan- 
guages, should be considered, which has not yet been 
done. 



294 



HEADS, FACES 



Language or philology, is perhaps the most impor- 
tant consideration in dividing mankind into races, for 
this determines more positively and scientifically to 
which race a man, tribe or nation belongs, especially if 
studied in connection with racial phrenology, so very 
little known by anthropologists. 

From a philological standpoint mankind divides it- 
self into three great divisions, the Semitic, the Turanian 
and the Aryan. 




Turanian Women. 



TYPES, RACES 295 

THE SEMITIC RACE. 

The Semitic race consists of the Armenians, the He- 
brews and the Arabians, whose old, original, primitive, 
mother-tongue is the Chaldee, later on branched into the 
old Ethiopian, Hebrew and Syrian forms of speech. 



THE TURANIAN RACE. 

The Turanian race divides itself into two branches, 
viz.: (a) the Northern Turanian branch, whose people 
speak the Mongolian, American Indian and Samoydic 
languages. This branch of people are composed chiefly 
of the Chinese, Ibarians, Finns, Indians, Esquimaux, 
Japanese, Turks, Ostiacs, Lapps. 

(b) The Southern Turanian branch, whose people 
speak the Tamulic, Uralic, Turkic, Siamee and Malaic 
forms of speech, inhabiting mainly Southern Asia and 
the Islands of the South Sea. 

The Turanian race comprises about two-thirds of the 
inhabitants of the earth. 



THE ARYAN RACE. 

The Aryan race is the third philological division of 
the races, being the most cultured of the three. 

The Aryan race subdivides itself into the Illyric, 
Italic, Persian, Celtic, Indie, Hellenic, Slavonic and 
Teutonic subdivisions of people, most of whom over- 
flowed Europe several thousand years before Christ, 
differing from other races in their languages, dialects, 
desire for culture, ability in construction, inclination 
for agricultural industry, tool-making, road-making, in 
their habits of burying their dead, in domesticating an- 
imals, in science, art, government, mathematics, mar- 
riages, etc. 



296 



HEADS, FACES 




Aryan Representative. 
This is a motive temperament face. This face means daring in 
work, enterprise, progress. A man having a face like this is tall, 
active, strong, dashing, chivalrous, which are all Aryan character- 
istics. 



WHERE THE EUROPEAN NATIONS CAME FROM. 

The Aryan race came from the Highlands of Asia, in 
two great streams of people, viz. : 

The Southern branch of people, dividing itself into 
the Indie and Iranic divisions, the Indie division of peo- 
ple speaking the Sanskrit and Prakrit languages, while 
the Iranic branch of people used an old language called 
Zend. 

The Northern stream of people is the second branch, 
whose people flowed into Europe, through the Caucasus, 
and who spoke, according to Professor Pritchard, an 
Aoolic dialect, their primitive language being the San- 
skrit. 

The Aryan race constitutes the German, Scandina- 
vian, American, English, Celt, Greek, Roman and the 
Gypsy, being different tribes of the same race, having 
the primitive Sanskrit and Prakrit languages as their 



TYPES, RACES 297 

primitive mother-tongue. The old Latin and Greek lan- 
guages, together with the modern European languages, 
originate from the Sanskrit and Prakrit languages, 
showing that all those people are racially related, by 
their primitive language, underlying their modern 
forms of speech. 

The Teutonians came about the year 1200 B. C, scat- 
tering like savages over Northern Europe, driving the 
other and older European inhabitants to the wall, or 
mixing with them, lastly dividing themselves into three 
branches, the Scandinavians, the Lower German, and 
the Upper German. These three Teutonic branches of 
people constituted the "Teutsch," as they were called, 
and from which word the word Teutonic is derived. 
The Teutonic people mingled with other waves of peo- 
ple that flowed into Europe later on, and mingled also 
with those who inhabited Europe before the Teutonians 
came, forming at last tribes and nations, and laying the 
foundation for the great Teutonic Empire, founded un- 
der Charlemagne, in the eighth century, at which time 
the Semitic, Teutonic, Slavic and the Celtic tribes be- 
came such an ethnic conglomeration that the tribal 
purity could no longer be preserved. 

Some of the Teutonic tribes were known as the Goths, 
Vandals, Longobards, Burgundians, Franks, Saxons, 
Alemans, etc., which tribes mixed and intermixed with 
Celtic, Slavic and Semitic people, lastly forming the na- 
tions of Europe. 



LESSON 29. 
RACIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEMITE. 

It should be remembered that there are types among 
races, nations and families. One brother may have 
one type of head and another, another type of head, a 
third one a third. One son of a family may have a 
wide head, small backhead, low tophead, a large fleshy 
body, giving him a business talent and qualifying him 
for business life ; another son of the same family may 
have an elongated head, narrow face, narrow head, 
large backhead, high tophead, softer quality of organi- 
zation, well developed temples, giving him special qual- 
ification for music, song or ministry; still a third son, 
of the same family, may have a bony temperament, a 
high central head, strongly developed in the upper 
parietal region, a large intellect, strong quality of or- 
ganization, a long, bony and angular face, a small back- 
head, giving him a scientific talent. This should be re- 
membered in the study of nations and races. There 
are types among races, among nations, among tribes 
and among families. 

The Semite is, as a rule, a wandering nomad, a greedy 
mercenary trader, often dreamy, meditative, metaphys- 
ical, fanatical, mythical, passionate and restless. He 
is selfish, sensual, austere, revengeful and vindictive, 
but often cowardly. He loves mercenary gain, but not 
agricultural industry, nor physical labor. He is often 
dishonest, untrustworthy, false and treacherous towards 
other races, characteristics which he often manifests 
among his own racial or tribal connections. He has a 
positive dislike for other races, and does not change 
very much. He has a wide head, as a rule, a pyramidal 
form of head, brown, dark or black complexion. His 
strongest faculties are Destructiveness, Secretiveness, 

298 



TYPES, EACES 299 

Cautiousness, Vitativeness, Acquisitiveness, Veneration, 
Approbativeness, Amativeness. He is speculative and 
superstitious in his religious views. 



RACIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TURANIAN. 

The Turanian is wiry and muscular, usually lithe, well 
developed in ligaments and tendons. He is strongly 
knit together, almost cat-like in tissue, but of coarse 
quality of organization, as a rule. He is black, or cop- 
per-colored, or yellow in complexion, of a choleric, or 
muscular temperament. His head is usually weak in 
the temples, small in the backhead, wide in the sidehead, 
medium in the forehead. He is, as a rule, cunning, cau- 
tious, cruel, treacherous and savage in instinct. His 
head is conic, or pyramidal, or sloping, or high-parietal 
in form. His face is out-curved in the center, or shaped 
like the face of the cat, or like that of the orang-outang 
(prognathous). His leading faculties are Destructive- 
ness, Secretiveness, Cautiousness, the cerebellum, 
the perceptive faculties, Self-esteem, Firmness, 
Continuity, Inhabitiveness, sometimes Constructive- 
ness, as for instance in the Chinaman. He is often 
savage in instinct and habits, usually weak in the tem- 
ples, hence disinclined for culture, refinement, manners 
and the polite arts. He is not interested in society life, 
nor progress. He is stationary. The Turanian has not 
made great advancement in the world of culture, sci- 
ence and philosophy. He is very bigoted, slow to ac- 
cept anything new. He is the man of the past the 
same as the Aryan is the man for the future. 



RACIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ARYAN. 

The Aryan, as a race, is either fair-white in skin or 
dark-white. His skin is smooth, of fine quality. The 
Aryan is tall, warlike, industrious, strong and enter- 
prising. He is proud, dignified, highly intelligent, 



300 HEADS, FACES 

trustful and patriotic. He loves adventure, is persist- 
ent in war, loving towards his own class, tribe, rela- 
tion, family or wife. Science, philosophy, invention, 
art, music and progress interest him. He is chivalrous 
towards the opposite sex, buries his dead, tills the soil, 
invents machines, makes tools, constructs governments. 
He is a lover of clans, castles, fortifications, games and 
possessions. Formerly he was a great sea-farer. He 
has given us our sciences, systems of education, govern- 
ment and law. He has soft hair, blue or gray eyes, fine 
soul quality, strong feelings, active sympathies, a lively 
imagination, artistic taste, musical sentiments and an 
inventive mind. 

The Aryan has a large backhead, an elongated, or 
high, or pyriform, oval, angular, or even head. The 
facial angle approaches the straight and his face is 
symmetrical, as a rule, sometimes incurved or slightly 
outcurved. He has large temples, a high tophead, a 
large forehead, indicating a high degree of reason, cul- 
ture, thought and development. He is progressive, 
interested in education and development : new things 
arouse his attention. The Aryan is the race of evolu- 
tion. The Teutonic division of the Aryan race has the 
made the greatest progress of its Aryan competitors. It 
was by his persistent war-like vigor that the colossal 
Empire of Rome fell. It was the intermixture of Roman 
jurisprudence, Greek art, science and philosophy, of 
Teutonic impetus, vigor, intelligence and invention that 
gave rise to the present progress of civilization. 



NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS. 

The American people and the European nations are 
brothers in a racial sense, but each nation develops 
its own national characteristics, by reason of environ- 
ment, climate, soil, food, drink, air, laws, government, 
educational, industrial, religious, artistic, musical con- 
ditions, having their influence upon the national char- 



Types, races 



301 



acter; yet there is, nevertheless, a close resemblance be- 
tween nation and nation of the Europeans and Ameri- 
cans, in speech, dress, law, religion, quality of organiza- 
tion, temperament, head formation, complexion and 
everything else. 




LESSON 30. 

NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 
AMERICAN PEOPLE. 




The Shape of the American Head. 
The dotted line shows the shape of the American head. The 
head is oblong and the face is oblong, the temperament, the men- 
tal-muscular. The American head is well balanced as compared 
with the heads of other nations. The hemispheres, are almost 
equal in development. This makes the American handy with both 
hands. 

There is perhaps no nation in the world that has pro- 
gressed to snch an extent as the Americans, especially 
in some fields, though not in all. 

The American, as a rule, is tall, spare, bony or muscu- 

302 



TYPES, RACES 



303 



lar. He has sharp features and an expressive face. 
Variety is what the American loves, variety in religion, 
customs, habits, food, dress, recreation, environments, 
He is always in a hurry, quick to put everything into 
practice, plucky, courageous, inventive, free in speech, 
quick to introduce himself, somewhat familiar; he dis- 
likes conservatism, conventionality, aristocracy, old 
customs, regal power and domination. He is almost 
wonderful in the fields of experimentalism, novelty. 




American. Active, progressive, industrious, full of business, 
work and thought. 



progress, invention and development, always on the 
look-out for something new, novel, result-bringing. He 
believes in results, pushes his business, makes and spends 
money. No people have made more inventions than the 
Americans, no people have manufactured more tools, 
machines, contrivances and conveniences for the 
masses. His handv tools and inventive contrivances 
are known the world over. He is a man for the present. 
a now-man. He is different from the conservative Eng- 
lishman who lives more in the past. He is developing 



304 HEADS, FACES 

the faculties of progress, and decreasing those faculties 
that make man an admirer of the past. The American 
is full of feeling, sincere, ardent, sympathetic. He be- 
lieves in liberty of conscience, willing to let every 
man worship God according to his own conception. He 
has no national religion. He believes more in religious 
liberalism, education and progress than he believes 
in the past forms of religion. He has an excellent 
school system which the government sustains, giving 
the people in America, whether poor or rich, an oppor- 
tunity to become educated. Great men and women of 
America are self-made. New things interest the 
American. He has a keen sense of the caustic in 
speech and writing. His greatest fault is that he is too 
much in a hurry for his own good. He is even reckless, 
eats in a hurry, even reading his newspapers as he 
eats. This has a detrimental influence on his health, 
laying the foundation for fevers, nervous prostration, 
indigestion, sleeplessness, rheumatism, consumption 
and brain trouble, which are national diseases in Amer- 
ica. Being in a rush, he travels by night and works by 
day, studies quickly, generalizes and applies. He 
travels much, lives in the present, builds, tears down, 
builds again, makes and spends money. He lives and 
lets live, invests quickly, often living ahead of his 
means. He is full of plans, is enterprising, even reck- 
less. He is a plunger. He loves new structures, new 
development of industry, new enterprises, new inven- 
tions, new machinery. He loves that which is new. 
He always has a newspaper in his pocket, becoming 
acquainted with the events of the day, both in business, 
and invention. He pays close attention to the masses. 
He loves action, change and variety, games and active 
life. The working class have many strikes, for the 
purpose of forcing increase in salary. The American 
believes in plenty, is more interested in acquisition than 
in economy. He does not prepare for war, but in times 
of war, he is resourceful, can invent warships, explos- 
ives, arms and military contrivances, by means of which 
he can protect himself against the most warlike nations. 



TYPES, RACES 305 

Equality is his motto. Liberty and freedom appeal 
to him. He is naturally chivalrous towards the oppo- 
site sex. American women have greater freedom, oppor- 
tunities and conveniences than any other women. Be- 
ing free and independent, they acknowledge no master. 
The American is known the world over for his free 
schools, liberal politics, versatility, restlessness, tools, 
machinery, progress, travels, speculative spirit and 
tendency to acquire and spend. The American is an 
ethnical mixture, developing characteristics peculiar 
to himself. 



LESSON 31. 

NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 
ENGLISH PEOPLE. 

English people are more steady, easy-going, con- 
servative than American people. Americans are prac- 
tical, which is the case with the English, but one is 
practical in one direction and the other in another. 
The Englishman is economical, nation-loving, persever- 
ing, aggressive when insulted, frank, available, rigid in 




Arch Bishop of Canterbury. 

This is a strong face, long, square in outline, with a dome- 
shaped top-head; long central face; thoughtful expression. This 
is a man for ecclesiastical and national affairs. This head means 
conservatism and great respect for conventional forms, antique 
objects, old teachings, church objects, old forms of religion. This 
head means conservatism. He is an excellent representative and 
dignitary of the English people, as a nation. 



ideas of law, justice and jurisprudence, skillful in the 
metals, proud, authoritative, hard to become ac- 
quainted with, but a true friend, in word and deed, 
when a friend. The English have a governmental re- 

306 



TYPES, RACES 307 

ligion. They believe in titles and classes. They fight 
when they are cornered, but prefer peace. They are 
conservative, inclined to live in the past and worship 
that which is old. The English love cathedrals, castles, 
ancient battle-fields, long established customs, laws, 
ancestry, titles and aristocracy. They keep the Sab- 
bath holy and celebrate holidays. The English travel 
in day-time and rest at night ; they are more easy-going, 
meditative and settled. The American knows many 
trades, but the Englishman devotes himself to one 
trade only. The English are generous, just, upright, 
outspoken, straight-forward, often blunt. They suc- 
ceed well in science, statesmanship, education, reform 
and religion, are available in intellectual resources, in- 
clined to plod and persevere in undertakings, but are 
not quite so idealistic or artistic as the French, nor so 
inventive and progressive as the American, though the 
English are inventive also. The American believes in 
progressive religion ; the English are interested in con- 
servative, national religion. 

English people take their time at meals, are hearty 
eaters, perhaps too hearty, and believe in substantial 
food, the same as they are interested in everything 
substantial. They are never in a rush, especially at the 
table. They suffer mostly from gout, dyspepsia, diph- 
theria, consumption, insanity. 

English people, as a nation, have stronger Venera- 
tion, Self-Esteem and less Spirituality, Ideality and 
Constructiveness than American people. It is Spiritual- 
ity and Constructiveness with weaker Veneration that 
makes the American inventive and less conservative. 
English people are stable, substantial, steady, persever- 
ing, economical and conservative. They are a success 
in law, jurisprudence, statesmanship, science, education. 
In fact, there is not much difference between the Eng- 
lish and the Americans, in a general sense. Each may 
develop his own individual character, but both are suc- 
cessful, prosperous, thrifty and ahead in education, 
development and racial evolution. The English have 
excellent school systems. 



308 HEADS, FACES 

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CANADIAN. 

The Canadian has approximately the same national 
character, habits, laws, forms of religion, government, 
as the English, though he is developing a somewhat dif- 
ferent character in a private sense, owing perhaps to 
climatic differences and environments. He has the same 
conservative spirit as the English. In fact, he is English. 
The difference between the Canadian and the English 
is provincial and perhaps also ethnical, as the French 
nation and also the American has had their influence 
on Canadian environments. 

There are always some faculties that are in the lead 
in a certain nation, tribe or individual, and these lead- 
ing faculties become the molding influence on that 
nation, tribe or individual, having their influence on 
national development, laws, habits, modes of living, 
temperament, brain formation and everything else. 

The Canadian is easy-going, never in a rush. He 
acts slowly, takes his time to adjust everything in a 
substantial manner. He is much interested in the im- 
provement of the private individual. He studies the 
mind considerably, pays attention to people and their 
general characteristics, thus developing the character- 
reading faculties. There is a psychic wave at work in 
the national spirit of the Canadian, which will soon 
have its effect on Canadian politics, finance, industry 
and progress. 



GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SCOTCH. 

The Scotch are developing a nervo-osseous tempera- 
ment, very fine in organization, but too bony and nerv- 
ous, leading to smallness in stature, delicacy of bones, 
consumption, as time goes by. The Scotch have rela- 
tively slender bones, a long pyriform face, indicating 
the mental-osseous temperament. They are relatively 
tall in stature, as compared to weight and size of body. 
The Scotch are strong in brain size at Firmness, Con- 



TYPES, RACES 309 

scientiousness, Combativeness and the intellect, giving 
them excellent reasoning power. The will section of 
the head and the intellect section are strongest, making 
them highly intelligent, controversial, conventional, al> 
stract, prudent, easy-going, religious, steady, strong, 
unyielding, persistent, critical and observing. It is a 
rock-like or presbyterian form of head, indicating in- 
dustry, economy, solidity, will, reason and investigation 
along practical lines. It is not an emotional form of 
head. It means thought, study, will, reason, observa- 
tion, science and solid practicality. 



THE IRISH CHARACTER. 

The Irish forehead is wide at Mirthfulness. The 
anterior tophead is large, the central portion of the 
sidehead is predominant, the upper part of the back- 
head is well marked, and the upper back portion of the 
parietal lobe, around the parietal eminence, is well 
filled out, giving us the faculties of Mirthfulness, Be- 
nevolence, Approbativeness, Cautiousness, Destructive- 
ness, Inhabitiveness, Vitativeness, Sublimity, Lan- 
guage, Conscientiousness in the lead. This would na- 
tionally make them prominent in politics, jurisdiction, 
statesmanship, public office, patriotism, oratory, popu- 
larity, fame, comics, wit and drama. It would make 
them witty, enthusiastic, ardent, popularity-loving, 
earnest, lively. Amativeness and Parental Love are 
often strong, producing sentiment, passion, impulse, 
love of nature, birds and small animals. The backhead 
is not strong, but they are sociable through Approbative- 
ness, Amativeness, Mirthfulness, Benevolence. Irish 
people have a very pronounced "character, strong likes 
and dislikes. They enter into work, study, association, 
with heart and soul; take strong dislikes to anything 
adverse. Their faculties incline them to strive for high, 
popular positions in social, commercial, governmental, 
municipal, national or international directions. They 



310 HEADS, FACES 

love fame and popularity. This makes them liberal 
with their money towards the public, pleasing and 
obsequious towards high officials. They are loyal to 
their own families and nation, but are antagonistic 
among themselves. 



LESSON 32. 

LEADING CHARACTERISTICS IN THE GERMAN. 

The German head runs to height, width and square- 
ness, as does his face, not in every instance but as a 




Shape of the German Head. 

The dotted lines give the circumferential outline of the German 
head, which is shaped like a pear. It is very broad across from 
side to side. The German head is wide and large in front of the 
ears. This is the head and outline of a German business man in 
Chicago, not of an aggressive type, but of a conservative. In 
fact, a large backhead acting with a wide sidehead makes a person 
slow, steady, methodical and somewhat stationary. 

rule. In them, we find a more balanced temperament, 
though it sometimes approaches the mental-osseous, 

311 



312 HEADS, FACES 

giving a more slender body. The majority of Germans, 
however, are large, fleshy, heavy-set, with a full face 
in a side region, heavy, square jaws, a high, broad, 
square forehead. The German head is well built out 
in those brain sections in which Causality, Conscien- 
tiousness, Combativeness, Bibativeness, Destructiveness, 
Alimentiveness, Secretiveness, Yitativeness are located. 
The backhead is broad and heavy. Their mind runs 
toward the abstract, philosophical, practical and con- 
servative. Germans are convivial, inventive, patient, 
persevering, metaphysical, profound, slow and steady, 
interested in that which administers to bodily comfort. 
Practical industrial pursuits, abstract philosophy, food 
manufacture, business, invention, practical science, 
political science, cookery, hotel business, designing, 
manufacture of tonics, drinks and beverages, are oc- 
cupations in which they succeed. Germans are clan- 
nish; it is difficult to become acquainted with them, 
but they are good friends. They are true, influenced 
by principles. 

The German has a strong social side to his nature, 
a practical mind and a patient disposition. He has a 
large body, which is well nourished, but which often 
runs towards the phlegmatic, because of his strong 
Destructiveness, Amativeness, Bibativeness, Secretive- 
ness and Conscientiousness, making him slow, patient, 
easy-going, conservative. The nutritive system is strong 
in him. He saves his vitality because of his conserva- 
tive habits. 



THE SWISS CHARACTER. 

There is only a slight difference between the German 
and the Swiss. Swiss people are harmonious and active 
in the higher faculties. Crime is rare in Switzerland 
and Wales. Swiss people are politically stationary, yet 
they have an excellent form of government, good laws, 
citizens that are law-abiding, respectful, loyal, good 



TYPES, RACES 



313 



and moral. They are great lovers of Nature, her peaks 
and scenery. Sublimity and Inhabitiveness are emi- 
nent in size in the majority of them. They are healthy, 
strong and harmonious, progressive and liberty-loving. 
When a person runs to harmony in temperament 
and faculties, he is more even-minded, modest, prudent, 
sociable and less enterprising. Genius runs not to har- 




Mental-vital temperament, large social faculties well developed 
temples, full lips, pleasing expression, sociable nature, happy 
minded, inventive, neat, tidy, gentlemanly, skillful. 

Adapted to handle scientific instruments, design, invent, con- 
struct delicate electrical contrivances or scientific instruments. 
Strong development of the anterior tophead, giving him inclina- 
tion for metaphysics, phrenology and studies of the mind. This 
man would make an excellent doctor. 

Here the quality is fine and tissues compact, adapting him 
for studies. 



mony, and yet, harmony of brain development and tem- 
perament is genius that speaks in silent tongues, a 
genius that sleeps, that is not heard from very much, 
either in the individual or nation. The Swiss attends 
to his own business and lets other people do the same. 
He is sociable, good, religious, broad in views and lib- 
eral in disposition. 



314 HEADS, FACES 

THE CHARACTER OF THE WELSH. 

The Welsh are tall, slender, muscular, and dark-com- 
plected. The strong faculties in them are Sublimity, In- 
habitiveness, Spirituality, Conjugality, Veneration and 
the cerebellum. This gives us excellent national facul- 
ties in the lead. The Welsh are stately, wiry, strong, 
lithe, industrious, patriotic, moral, clean and good. 
They have an excellent moral record as a nation, are 
interested in their homes and country, being among 
the most patriotic people in existence. They have ample 
development of the higher faculties, making them 
peace-loving, free-minded, inclined for physical and 
mental culture. They have high social and moral 
ideals. Their hair is strong, wiry, luxuriant and beauti- 
ful, because of their high development and well devel- 
oped cerebellum. The beautiful national scenery of 
Switzerland and Wales have developed Sublimity, In- 
habitiveness, a romantic, nature-loving spirit, in the 
people of these countries. 



THE FRENCH CHARACTER. 

French people are strongest in the temples and in 
the anterior portion of the sidehead, or in the faculties 
of practical business, art, culture, dress, taste, polite- 
ness, ingenuity, idealism and pleasure. They are also 
much interested in invention and science. The French 
character runs towards art. The Frenchman is polite, 
tasteful, novelty-loving, brilliant, skillful, artistic and 
idealistic. He is clever, ingenius, pleasure-loving, often 
vain. He has a ready mind, acts quickly, but does not 
persevere, like the German. The French are leaders of 
fashion, culture, politeness and manners. They are 
diplomatic, tactful, quick, responsive. Their greatest 
fault is that they are too frivolous, society-loving, im- 
pulsive, vain, immodest, and prone to disregard inward 
soul-growth, or cultivation of Veneration. 



TYPES, RACES 



315 










Frenchman. 
Long face; large temples; high forehead; straight eyebrows; 
refined appearance; large central perceptives, indicating ability in 
scientific lines; a studious, scientific and metaphysical face; long, 
narrow and symmetrical nose; narrow face; long neck; medium 
shoulders; slender body; medium vitality. Adapted for science 
and metaphysics. 



316 



HEADS, FACES 



THE SWEDISH CHARACTER. 

There is a similarity between the German people 
and Swedish, yet there is a difference, both in char- 
acter, habits, temperament and head formation. Ger- 
man and Swedish people are closely related, ethnically, 




Swedish Representative. 
Tall, broad shouldered, large perceptives, strong development of 
the anterior portion of the tophead, high head from the opening 
of the ear to Firmness, a motive and mental temperament and 
rather balanced head. Casuality and Comparison show develop- 
ment, as indicated by the arrow. This man is slow, steady, prac- 
tical, strong in times of emergency. He has sleeping energy. 



TYPES, RACES 317 

which holds good regarding the Scotch and Norwe- 
gians, all of whom are almost of the same blood, though 
each develops a national character. Swedish people 
have stronger Veneration and less Causality than Ger- 
mans. Norwegians are darker and more muscular than 
the Swedish. The leading faculties in the Swedish are 
Veneration, Inhabitiveness, Benevolence, Amativeness, 
Approbativeness, Constructiveness, with an almost bal- 
anced condition of the temperaments, the bones being 
slightly in the lead. The face of the Swedish people, like 
that of Germans, is large, the under jaw well developed, 
the complexion fair-white, the eyes usually blue or 
grey, indicating strong feelings. The Swedish people are 
clannish, true, slow, patient but strong when aroused. 
They have sleeping energy and capacity, which they 
manifest mostly in times of emergency, war and strug- 
gle. They are highly industrious, economical, conser- 
vative, respectful and true, moved by principles, be- 
cause of their strong Veneration, progressive, but 
^slowly progressive, feeling their way as they advance. 
They are lovers of home and country. Swedish talent 
runs to agriculture, mining, lumber industries, me- 
chanics, engineering, the breeding of animals, food and 
drink industries and practical business, chiefly. 



THE NORWEGIANS. 

There is a similarity between the Norwegians and 
the Welsh in many respects. 

The Norwegians are relatively tall, dark and muscu- 
lar. They have strong Combativeness, a well sized 
cerebellum, leading Spirituality, as a rule. This makes 
them free in action and manners, sociable, enthusiastic, 
convivial and earnest. They have less development of 
Veneration. They are a strong people, muscular, lithe, 
athletic, vigorous and long-lived. They have power of 
endurance, but are sudden, spasmodic, even change- 
able, because of their strong Combativeness and large 



318 



HEADS, FACES 




Prominent Norwegian Lady. 
Dark complexion, white skin; large lower face; full cheeks; 
wide forehead; large temples; fleshy, vital and plastic quality. 
This lady is sociable, good natured, vigorous, animated and full 
of feeling. Her face indicates health and ability for the mother- 
hood function. 



cerebellum. Sublimity is strong in the Norwegian. He 
likes that which is weird, tragic, dramatic and scenic. 
He loves natural scenery. His environments, rugged 
country, oceanic scenery, cold climate, fish industries 
and rural habits have developed those brain centres 
that give him his national traits, temperamental struc- 
ture and ethnic form of head. 



LESSON 33. 
THE DANISH CHARACTER. 

Danish people have wide heads. The central 
sidehead is very convex, taking them towards home in- 
dustry, ruralism and practicality. Danish people are 
strict with their children. They have a hardy consti- 
tution, a large and wide superior maxillary, though 
this does not hold good to all of them, which is true 
in regard to every nation. There are differences of 
head and face formations among every nation, and yet 
a certain brain, face and temperamental constitution is 
peculiar to each nation. 

Danish people have a wide head and face. Their 
temperament is the vital and motive. They are in- 
dustrious, domestic, sensitive, somewhat forward, 
often enterprising. They have had their prominent 
men and women, in the march of progress, the same as 
other nations. 



CHARACTER OF THE BOHEMIAN. 

There is a similarity between the Bohemian and the 
Swedish. 

The Bohemian is slow, steady, patient and thrifty. 
He has many excellent qualities, but he is not so enter- 
prising and progressive as he deserves. He often stands 
in his own way, because of his voluminous upper side- 
head. His strong Conscientiousness holds him back. 
The Bohemian is capable of more than he manifests. 
Throw the Bohemian into the middle of the ocean and 
let him fight for life and he will win. The Bohemian 
is good, reliable, steady, thrifty, diligent, respectful, 
but a little stiff and stoical. He is sociable, but there 
is a certain restraint about him, the same as with the 

319 



320 HEADS, FACES 

German, Swedish, Scotch and English. Whenever the 
faculties of conservatism, respect, modesty and practi- 
cal industry are strong, there is a shy restraint, diffi- 
dence, want of self-reliance, preventing man, woman 
or child from doing his best. When these characteris- 
tics are overcome, he or she succeeds. 



THE HINDOO AND HIS NATIONAL 
CHARACTER. 

The Hindoo has a narrow and high head. This makes 
him dreamy, devout, abstract, metaphysical and peace- 
loving. This is not a head of war; it is a head of peace. 
The Hindoo is adapted for occultism, magi, metaphysics, 
character-studies, religion and doctrine-making. He 
is ascetic, a lover of rank in a religious sense, not in a 
social, political or financial. The Hindoo likes an easy 
life and an occult occupation. He cares but little for 
physical life, industry, business, finance, politics. He 
often falls asleep on the road-side and lets a poisonous 
reptile or wild beast endanger his life : he is that weak 
in the sidehead. 



THE GREEK. 



The head of the Greek is broad between the ears, at 
Combativeness, strong in the lower part of the back- 
head, at the cerebellum, well marked in the temples. 
The nose is straight, the face often oblong. The Greek 
has black, shining hair, wiry, strong, firm and elastic 
muscles. He is well knit in muscle, tissue, ligament and 
tendon, daring, enterprising, free in manners, inclined 
to laugh at and make fun of that which is improper. 
He is strong when aroused, but peaceful when left 
alone. He loves physical development, muscular activ- 
ity, athletic sport, enterprise, art, culture, music and 
song. He has fine, plastic quality of organization, is 



TYPES, RACES 321 




♦«• 



The Shape of the Greek Head. 
The Greeks have a rather peculiar head, one hemisphere ia 
larger in the rear portion than the other, while the other hemi- 
sphere is larger in front of the ear than the other. The Greek 
head is broad from the ear on one side to the temple of the other. 
The Greek head is smaller in front and large behind. It is very 
large at Destmctiveness, Combativeness, and large in the tem- 
ples. It is a combination of war and art. It is low and square 
on top. 

responsive in temperament and feeling, daring, reso- 
lute, scientific, artistic. Greece is the cradle of science, 
art, culture, civilization. The Greek, however, is chang- 
ing in head and habits ; he is not the same as he was. 



THE JEW. 



The Jew has a wide head, large in the central top- 
head, good-sized in the mesial line of the crown, in 
the backhead and in the perceptives, but less devel- 
oped in the temples and upper portion of the frontal 
lobe. The Jew is opposed to changes. His strong brain 



322 HEADS, FACES 

functions are Destructiveness, Acquisitiveness, Secre- 
tiveness, Vitativeness, Cautiousness, Conjugality, Ven- 
eration, Amativeness, Self-esteem. He has a pyramidal 
(stationary) form of head, as a rule. He lives in the 
past. His is the head of the trader — wanderer, often 
leading to bigotry, fanaticism, selfish accumulation of 
worldly and churchly property. This form of head 
means acquisition, but not manufacture, nor agricul- 
ture. Jewish people are sociable among themselves, 
but they care less for other nations. They are mostly 
qualified for business, travel, salesmanship and the 
religion of the past. The Jew has a very clean past 
record ; he is mercenary but not criminal. 



THE JAPANESE. 



The Japanese has good brain development in the 
temples. He has a slender, muscular, but very wiry 
temperament, almost cat-like in tissue construction. He 
has very large Form and Constructiveness, a good- 
sized forehead, a large head, compared to his body. 
He is sudden, quick, athletic, intense, peaceful, until 
aroused. He is like electricity. He is able in con^ 
struction, art, skillful in athletics and warlike when 
aroused. He is progressive, energetic and enterpris- 
ing. He is the Teuton of the Turanian race. The 
world will hear from him. 



THE SPANIARD. 



The Spaniard is large in the crown. This means 
pride and rulership. It makes him proud, grave, self- 
sufficient, fanatical and dictatorial; affable, polite, per- 
suasive, well-mannered when he so wishes. He is often 
secretive and relentless. He does not always say what 
he thinks. He acts in the dark. He is proud, abusive, 
haughty, because of his strong Self-esteem, Approba- 
tiveness, Destructiveness. A head largest in the crown 
is stationary and dictatorial. 



TYPES, RACES 323 

THE ITALIAN. 

There are two types of Italians, the tall, bony, high- 
parietal type of head, and the low, wide type of head. 

The Italian runs mostly to home industry and small 
provincial business, especially in foods and drinks. 
The Italian head, in the high parietal type, is almost 
wanting in the backhead, in the temples, in the anterior 
part of the tophead, giving us a criminal form of head. 
The low, wide type of head, with a feminine body, 
gives us a very different man, namely, a man for music, 
song, peddling, small business and home industry. 



LESSON 34. 

THE RUSSIAN. 

The Russian is composed of many different types of 
heads and people, but mainly speaking, he is weak in 
the temples, in the anterior part of the sidehead, in the 
posterior part of the sidehead, in the backhead, wide at 
Destructiveness. He is not very important in the world's 
progress. He lacks development, is behind other nations, 
not so much in head formation as in quality of organi- 
zation. There are only two classes of people in Russia 
— the titled, wealthy class, who are extremely dog- 
matic and tyrannical, and the poor, lower class, who 
are very ignorant and oppressed. 



THE INDIAN. 



The Indian has a pyramidal, or conic, or high-parie- 
tal form of head. He is strong in Destructiveness, 
Secretiveness, Yitativeness, Cautiousness, Conscien- 
tiousness, cerebellum, Veneration and the perceptive 
faculties. His temperament is the muscular and vital. 
This is an animal type of evolution. The tiger, cat and 
bear are of the muscular-vital temperament, with low 
quality of tissue, the same as the Indian. The Indian 
is wiry, muscular, lithe, cruel, relentless, but cowardly. 
He has cat characteristics. He is choleric, subject to 
ugly moods, depression of spirit, muscle ferments in the 
blood, liver trouble. He is easy of movement and like 
the cat — able to see in the dark, because of predomi- 
nant perceptives and a wide head. 

324 



TYPES, RACES 



325 




Indian. 
Broad face; very large upper jaw; broad mouth; stiff pose; 
heavy neck; large central face; tophead low; temples weak; chin 
heavy; expression coarse; temperament muscular-vital. 



THE NEGRO. 

The head of the negro is small in the crown, in the 
sidehead, in the temples and in the upper part of the 
forehead. It is largest in the backhead, in the central 
portion of the tophead and in the upper parietal region, 
around Cautiousness, Approbativeness, Friendship. 
The negro is the opposite of the Spaniard. He has 
large lips, black wool-like hair, melanic complexion and 
a prognathous face, often caused by a small, even re- 
ceeding, or cramped forehead. 

The negro as a rule, is not very courageous or enter- 
prising. He is dependent, superstitious, a lover of ease 



326 



HEADS, FACES 



and social pleasure. He is a man for song, dance, music, 
social servitude, vaudeville acting and dependent, 
domestic occupations. He is religious, but it is depend- 
ent religion. The most prominent racial characteris- 
tics of the negro are sociability, domesticity, emotional 




Negro. 
Notice this face, head, forehead. Pay attention to the eyes, 
how dull and sleepy. The nose is broad and flat along the ridge, 
indicating sociability. Those large lips mirror appetite and pas- 
sion. We see three strong characteristics in this face — idleness, 
sociability and appetite. 

oratory, song, music, acting, individual or national 
dependence, familiarity and want of dignity. He is 
well-meaning, symphathetic, good-natured. If he 
steals, he steals on a small scale. 



THE CHINESE CHARACTER. 

The Chinese head is large in the crown, in the central 
portion of the tophead, at the ears, at the upper por- 



TYPES, RACES 327 

tion of the sidehead, in the perceptive region, and 
fairly so in the temples. The Chinese are largest in 
Destructiveness, Secretiveness, Veneration, Self- 
esteem, Acquisitiveness, Cautiousness, Inhabitiveness, 
Continuity, Form. This leads to nervous industry or 
fear. This is the nature of the rat. 

When the central line of the tophead, from Benevo- 
lence to Parental Love, is long and high, with Destrac- 
tiveness strong, the man is stationary, timid, cruel and 
industrious. The Chinese are a people of nervous fear, 
in religion, politics, industry and habits. 



THE TURK. 



The Turk is sadly behind in cerebral development. 
He is not interested in work, industry, progress, culture, 
manners, science, philosophy nor art. His head is 
shaped similar to that of the Spaniard. He wants other 
people to work for him. He is a polygamist, in head 
and practice, led by the lower faculties, fanatical, re- 
lentless, cruel and lazy. 



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